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    <title>Swords into Plowshares</title>
    <dc:date>2025-05-13T01:49:01+00:00</dc:date>
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    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Yesterday marked my fifth Mother's Day without him. Tomorrow is the fifth anniversary of his passing. My beautiful boy, for whom I still grieve and will grieve every day forever; and despite his death, why I still fight.

When I was a sophomore in college (about a year before I got pregnant), I took a class on the history of non-violence, taught by the university's chaplain, Chester Wickwire. We read essays by Henry David Thoreau, Martin Luther King Jr, and Leo Tolstoy. We talked about imperialism and war, about community resistance and civil disobedience – in theory and in practice. We talked about faith and witnessing, about acts of courage, about good words and good deeds and, to borrow from the Serenity Prayer, "the wisdom to know the difference."

To say that this class changed my life feels a bit cliche, but it's true. It moved me in the moment – in that stereotypical way, I suppose, that some people have always wrung their hands at college students' political awakenings; and its influence on my thinking continues. Elements of what I learned there – those things both explicitly laid out on the syllabus and the class's implicit teachings that have taken years to bloom – run throughout all my work; they were there long before I started writing about education technology. My masters thesis and my unfinished dissertation both examined radical street theater and political protest, for example. But there are other traces: a commitment to community literacy; a belief in the transformative power of education, not for personal skill development but for social liberation; a sense of responsibility for creating a better world. I sometimes think of my writing too, I confess, more as sermon than scholarship.

Among the guest speakers in that class was the peace activist Father Phil Berrigan, who I remember as being very tall – that's probably my mind granting appropriate stature to this giant of pacifism. He spoke of his long and fervent opposition to war. He described the actions that he and a handful of others had undertaken to draw attention to the anti-Vietnam and later the anti-nuclear movements. He told us how, at first, they poured a red liquid mixed with their own blood over draft cards to destroy them, how they later bled and hammered on missile-carriers as they prayed.

Berrigan was part of several groups whose names came from their collective criminal trials: the Baltimore Four, the Catonsville Nine, the Harrisburg Seven, The Plowshares Eight. But he is best known for the latter and for the Plowshares Movement more generally, particularly the protest staged in 1980 at a GE plant where Minuteman missiles were manufactured. Berrigan, his brother, and six others were arrested and charged with multiple felonies and misdemeanors. He spent many many years of his life in prison for this and other acts of civil disobedience. He'd been paroled shortly before he came to our class in 1991, only to be sentenced again in 1999 after another protest.

Berrigan's group, the Plowshares, took its name from a passage from the Book of Isaiah: "and they shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruning hooks: nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more."

A couple of years later, I named my newborn Isaiah Tolstoy – all my fierce hope for a world transformed, for peace and justice and liberation.

Isaiah is gone – Father Phil and Chet too – and for a time, my hope was as well. (Here's where I turn to Gramsci, I'd say, more than God to remind me of optimism and will...)

Computing is a weapon of war. It is a sword, not a plowshare, despite all the rhetorical twists and turns we might try to make it so -- "a bicycle for the mind" and whatnot.

Computing was born in war, in the code-breaking work at Bletchley Park during World War II (or arguably, even earlier in the imperialist and industrialist expansion that Charles Babbage hoped his calculating machinery would help automate). During the second half of the twentieth century, massive amounts of military funding poured into science and technology research in the name of national security and national defense -- money that, to be clear, poured into universities, whose post-war "golden era" exists thanks to this military-industrial complex, to the influx of dollars and young white men whose college education was subsidized by the GI Bill.

The computer. The Internet. Artificial intelligence. These are military technologies, first and foremost. First and foremost and for a while now. And while certainly we must resist the teleology that positions these technologies always and forever thus, we have accomplished little, I'd argue, in wresting them free from their origins in "command control communication intelligence," from that cybernetic move to reduce everyone and everything to code.

"Feminist cyborg stories have the task of recoding communication and intelligence to subvert command and control," Donna Haraway wrote in her "Cyborg Manifesto" over forty years ago. This is still, without a doubt, the task ahead, not behind us.

In his book The Children's Machine, Seymour Papert observed that "The people who forge new technological ideas do not make them for children. They often make them for war...." He argued that his programming language "Logo was fueled from the beginning by a Robin Hood vision of stealing programming from the technologically privileged (what I would in those early days in the 1960s have called the military-industrial complex) and giving it to the children."

While I appreciate the act of subversion, this theft was a reallocation of technology, not a repudiation of its underlying origins or epistemology.

Indeed, Papert praised the cyberneticians and their military mathematics for developing new objects and a new way of thinking about old ways of defeating enemies. Norbert Werner had imagined a "smart missile" designed "to perform in the end even better than the traditional weapon." Turtle programming, Papert argued, would help children build this same sort of "managed vagueness" in a cognitive and material feedback mechanism.

"It's a metaphor," one might retort. And it is. And it isn't.

Education technology has been part of what historian Douglas Noble called "the classroom arsenal." Even before the advent of computing, much of the development of educational technology was undertaken by military researchers (particularly at the Office of Naval Research and Air Force Office of Scientific Research) – from the Army Alpha and the implementation of standardized IQ testing to early teaching machines, designed to automate the training of recruits. Indeed, B. F. Skinner observed, in an address to the Aerospace Education Foundation of the Air Force in 1968, that "educational technology has developed rapidly in the [Armed] Services and it is moving into the schools."

A decade earlier, Simon Ramo, an instructional technologist as well as "the father of the intercontinental ballistic missile," had penned an essay titled "A New Technique in Education" that imagined a future of a push-button classroom of personalized learning – a future that I argue in Teaching Machines introduced the automation of education to a much broader swath of the American public than did Skinner's academic writing (or the dismal sales of his teaching machines). This is a future that continues to resonate with today's ed-tech evangelists.

And yet, I'm still a bit taken aback when I hear someone like Salman Khan invoke Ender's Game as inspiration for Khan Academy and now for his AI chatbot Khanmigo – even though he's acknowledged the book's influence on his thinking over and over again. Ender's Game is a novel in which children, without their knowledge or consent, are recruited to fight a war to exterminate an alien species. They are taught via military AI; they become weaponized themselves.

“I am making a way in the wilderness. and streams in the wasteland."

We're still eating the leftovers of World War II, environmental activist Vandana Shiva has repeatedly argued, reminding us how munitions plants switched from making explosives to making fertilizer and pesticides, how industrial-scale warfare turned to industrial-scale food production.

Arguably we're still being fed via the information machinery of the war and the Cold War too.

How does this diet of weaponry shape who we have become? What does it mean to base our imagination of some sort of extended cognitive capacity on the machines and systems bound up in national defense, in a Red Scare so fevered that Nazis remained welcome and supported in the scientific community as long as they could help us win the Space Race? If nothing else, it seems, it has helped create a technology industry in which there has been no real reckoning for its role in violence, imperialism, surveillance, eugenics, environmental and genocidal destruction.

Computing remains a weapon, despite the clever stories we tell ourselves that make us feel less complicit in its violence – violence to one another, to the planet, to ourselves, to other ways of knowing.

To turn this sword into a plowshare requires a much greater shift (one I'm not even sure is possible) – not without a much broader shift in power, without a shift in economics, to be sure, without a shift in how we think and care. And AI – this idea bound up in the military intelligence – shifts us in the opposite direction, towards an automated thoughtlessness, algorithmic indignity, into a future run by those with no humility and no remorse.

To turn the sword of computing into a plowshare requires a much greater sacrifice than many seem willing to make, as caught up as so many people are, so many decades later, in the cybernetic fictions and Cold War era fantasies of thinking machines – fantasies of the very men who built the bomb.

To turn the sword into a plowshare must be an endeavor that enables, embraces life – all life.

It does feel hopeless sometimes. This week – Mothers Day and death day – forever more for me, I guess, the darkest. I grieve, I grieve, I grieve.

And then I pick myself up, and I fight."]]></description>
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    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["A Library by Leah Buechley for the Processing programming environment. The Turtle library provides an implementation of a LOGO Turtle for Processing.

Turtle Geometry (see the fabulous book of the same name by Hal Abelson and Andrea diSessa) provides a different way of thinking about geometry. You draw by driving around a "turtle". Programs are written from the point of view of this turtle, which enables you to take an embodied approach to geometry. 

LOGO, a turtle-based programming language, was developed by Seymour Papert and a group of collaboraters in the late 1960s. It was presented as a novel way to introduce children to computer programming and mathematics. LOGO and Turtle Geometry remain strongly associated with children and education, but are full of beautiful tools and ideas that adult artists and programmers can fruitfully explore.

A previous turtle library for Processing, Terrapin, is great, but somewhat limited in functionality. This library provides a more full-featured implementation, including "push" and "pop" functionality as well as high-resolution drawing capabilities. 

DOWNLOAD

Download Turtle version 1.0.0 (1) in .zip format."]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://dailyedventures.com/index.php/2014/06/02/alec-resnick/">
    <title>“But the overall inertia and immune system of “education” is very strong, and if we were to disappear tomorrow, I’m not sure anything would be different than it would have been 100 years from now.” – Alec Resnick, USA | Daily Edventures</title>
    <dc:date>2014-11-19T06:01:58+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://dailyedventures.com/index.php/2014/06/02/alec-resnick/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Can you tell us about a favorite teacher, or someone who made a difference in your education?

My English teacher, Mrs. Long, in high school, had the wisdom to lean into all my obsessions and interests, regardless of the curriculum, treating me like a peer.  She loaded me up with books outside of the class, indulged my passion for words despite the way they made my papers unreadable, and more than anything, left me with a sense of learning being a lifelong, intellectual project in which I could participate.  This all sounds trite—the stuff of commencement speeches—but I cannot overstate how formative the relationship was, far and above the curricula or books she shared."

…

"How have you applied technology in innovative ways to support your work?

I’ll quote Papert: “In many schools today, the phrase ‘computer-aided instruction’ means making the computer teach the child. One might say the computer is being used to program the child. In my vision, the child programs the computer and, in doing so, both acquires a sense of mastery over a piece of the most modern and powerful technology and establishes an intimate contact with some of the deepest ideas from science, from mathematics, and from the art of intellectual model building.” At their best, our programs do this. 

In your opinion, how has the use of apps, cellphones, and mobile devices changed education? And your work?
Education? They’re distracting people from structural issues with the design of school and curricula by introducing an unfortunate technocentrism.  Our work?  They’ve enabled a totally novel class of computationally driven, hands-on experiences and experimentation focused on modeling and representation. 

In your view, what is the most exciting innovation happening in education today?

The expansion of “education” to include many efforts, stakeholders, and approaches that exist outside of “school”—not just in the sense of “afterschool” or “informal learning,” but in an institutional sense.

Is there a 21st century skill (critical thinking and problem solving, communication, collaboration, or creativity and innovation) that you are most passionate about? Why?

All the skills I’m passionate about were valuable in all the other centuries, too.

If you could give one educational tool to every child in the world, what would it be? Why?

Initially I considered snarkier answers like, “An adult who cares and intervenes in their lives regularly to expose them to a world full of interesting phenomenon.”  But more to your point: A [laptop or tablet][DT1] , preloaded with Scratch, LOGO, XCode, and a carefully curated set of textbooks and videos like Turtle Geometry (and maybe a collection of texts intended to radicalize a bit, like Lies My Teacher Told Me or John Holt’s How Children Fail).  Why?  Because I think that powerful tools without an agenda that enable authentically interesting work are more valuable than most realize.  To quote Ivan Illich,
<blockquote>"People need not only to obtain things, they need above all the freedom to make things among which they can live, to give shape to them according to their own tastes, and to put them to use in caring for and about others. Prisoners in rich countries often have access to more things and services than members of their families, but they have no say in how things are to be made and cannot decide what to do with them.”</blockquote>

What is your region doing well currently to support education?

My favorite initiative of late is Massachussetts’ Innovation School legislation; its focus on aggressively seeding and supporting sandboxes where fundamentally new models can be designed is awfully exciting.

What is the biggest obstacle you have had to overcome to ensure students are receiving a quality education?

Resisting the variety of organizational and cultural forces which push you to do things to students, or maybe for them, but very rarely with them.  This can look like anything from putting “the curriculum” ahead of real depth, uncomfortable conversations with parents about the [ir]relevance of the quadratic equation, liability policies which prohibit physical contact with students, etc.

How can teachers or school leaders facing similar challenges implement what you’ve learned through your work?

Guard and expand your autonomy jealously and aggressively.  Advocate for policies which encourage planting many seeds and trying out many approaches to see what works, rather than attempting to plan for or optimize The One Way.  Leverage parents’ actual interests and concerns, rather than trying to satisfy bureaucratic incentives.  Start a school.  Start a not-school.  Take a Hippocratic Oath.  Read Mindstorms and take it seriously.

How have you incorporated mobile devices/apps into your classroom and have you seen any improvements?

Our programs’ focus on computation, modeling, and representation means apps (and programming tools, broadly) figure prominently into participants’ experiences.  The capacity for these tools to offer hands-on, constructionist approaches to traditionally academic subjects is incredible; however, overall I’d have to say that the technocentrism/technoutopianism in the ed tech community really narrows the conversation to the extent that it limits discussions of technology to, “How can technology help us do what we’ve always done, better?” instead of, “What are the new activities and approaches technology enables?” "]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://hackeducation.com/2014/11/13/convivial-tools-in-an-age-of-surveillance">
    <title>Convivial Tools in an Age of Surveillance</title>
    <dc:date>2014-11-14T06:15:46+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://hackeducation.com/2014/11/13/convivial-tools-in-an-age-of-surveillance</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["What would convivial ed-tech look like? 

The answer can’t simply be “like the Web” as the Web is not some sort of safe and open and reliable and accessible and durable place. The answer can’t simply be “like the Web” as though the move from institutions to networks magically scrubs away the accumulation of history and power. The answer can’t simply be “like the Web” as though posting resources, reference services, peer-matching, and skill exchanges — what Illich identified as the core of his “learning webs” — are sufficient tools in the service of equity, freedom, justice, or hell, learning.

“Like the Web” is perhaps a good place to start, don’t get me wrong, particularly if this means students are in control of their own online spaces — its content, its data, its availability, its publicness. “Like the Web” is convivial, or close to it, if students are in control of their privacy, their agency, their networks, their learning. We all need to own our learning — and the analog and the digital representations or exhaust from that. Convivial tools do not reduce that to a transaction — reduce our learning to a transaction, reduce our social interactions to a transaction.

I'm not sure the phrase "safe space" is quite the right one to build alternate, progressive education technologies around, although I do think convivial tools do have to be “safe” insofar as we recognize the importance of each other’s health and well-being. Safe spaces where vulnerability isn’t a weakness for others to exploit. Safe spaces where we are free to explore, but not to the detriment of those around us. As Illich writes, "A convivial society would be the result of social arrangements that guarantee for each member the most ample and free access to the tools of the community and limit this freedom only in favor of another member’s equal freedom.” 

We can’t really privilege “safe” as the crux of “convivial” if we want to push our own boundaries when it comes to curiosity, exploration, and learning. There is risk associated with learning. There’s fear and failure (although I do hate how those are being fetishized in a lot of education discussions these days, I should note.) 

Perhaps what we need to build are more compassionate spaces, so that education technology isn’t in the service of surveillance, standardization, assessment, control.

Perhaps we need more brave spaces. Or at least many educators need to be braver in open, public spaces -- not brave to promote their own "brands" but brave in standing with their students. Not "protecting them” from education technology or from the open Web but not leaving them alone, and not opening them to exploitation.
 
Perhaps what we need to build are more consensus-building not consensus-demanding tools. Mike Caulfield gets at this in a recent keynote about “federated education.” He argues that "Wiki, as it currently stands, is a consensus *engine*. And while that’s great in the later stages of an idea, it can be deadly in those first stages.” Caulfield relates the story of the Wikipedia entry on Kate Middleton’s wedding dress, which, 16 minutes after it was created, "someone – and in this case it probably matters that is was a dude – came and marked the page for deletion as trivial, or as they put it 'A non-notable article incapable of being expanded beyond a stub.’” Debate ensues on the entry’s “talk” page, until finally Jimmy Wales steps in with his vote: a “strong keep,” adding "I hope someone will create lots of articles about lots of famous dresses. I believe that our systemic bias caused by being a predominantly male geek community is worth some reflection in this context.”  

Mike Caulfield has recently been exploring a different sort of wiki, also by Ward Cunningham. This one — called the Smallest Federated Wiki — doesn’t demand consensus like Wikipedia does. Not off the bat. Instead, entries — and this can be any sort of text or image or video, it doesn’t have to “look like” an encyclopedia — live on federated servers. Instead of everyone collaborating in one space on one server like a “traditional” wiki, the work is distributed. It can be copied and forked. Ideas can be shared and linked; it can be co-developed and co-edited. But there isn’t one “vote” or one official entry that is necessarily canonical.

Rather than centralized control, conviviality. This distinction between Wikipedia and Smallest Federated Wiki echoes too what Illich argued: that we need to be able to identify when our technologies become manipulative. We need "to provide guidelines for detecting the incipient stages of murderous logic in a tool; and to devise tools and tool systems that optimize the balance of life, thereby maximizing liberty for all."

Of course, we need to recognize, those of us that work in ed-tech and adopt ed-tech and talk about ed-tech and tech writ large, that convivial tools and a convivial society must go hand-in-hand. There isn’t any sort of technological fix to make education better. It’s a political problem, that is, not a technological one. We cannot come up with technologies that address systematic inequalities — those created by and reinscribed by education— unless we are willing to confront those inequalities head on. Those radical education writers of the Sixties and Seventies offered powerful diagnoses about what was wrong with schooling. The progressive education technologists of the Sixties and Seventies imagined ways in which ed-tech could work in the service of dismantling some of the drudgery and exploitation.

But where are we now? Instead we find ourselves with technologies working to make that exploitation and centralization of power even more entrenched. There must be alternatives — both within and without technology, both within and without institutions. Those of us who talk and write and teach ed-tech need to be pursuing those things, and not promoting consumption and furthering institutional and industrial control. In Illich’s words: "The crisis I have described confronts people with a choice between convivial tools and being crushed by machines.""]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://infovore.org/archives/2013/06/23/toca-builders-and-the-spirit-of-seymour-papert/">
    <title>Infovore » Toca Builders, and the spirit of Seymour Papert</title>
    <dc:date>2013-06-28T00:40:40+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://infovore.org/archives/2013/06/23/toca-builders-and-the-spirit-of-seymour-papert/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Toca Builders takes the abstract building of Minecraft – tools attached to a disembodied perspective (albeit one hindered by some degree of personhood – factors such as gravity, and so forth) – and embodies them to help younger children answer the question which tool would you use to place a block where you need to? Or sometimes backwards: which block shall we place next? It is not quite as freeform as Minecraft, but it actually forces the user to think a little harder about planning ahead, lining up his builders, and which builders go together well. Measure twice, cut once.

To that end, it’s much more like real-world building.

Papert was very clear about one particular point: the value of this is not to think in mechanical ways; it’s actually the opposite. By asking children to think in a mechanical way temporarily, they end up thinking about thinking more: they learn that there are many ways to approach a problem, and they can choose which way to think about things; which might be most appropriate.

And so Toca Builders is, in many ways, like all good construction toys: it’s about more than just building. It’s about planning, marshalling, making use of a limited set of tools to achieve creative goals. And all the while, helping the user understand those tools by making them appear in the world, taking up space in it, colliding with one another, and needing moving. All so that you can answer the question when you’re stuck: well, if you were Blox the Hammer, what would you do?

Some of what looks like clunkiness, then, is actually a subtle piece of design.

If you’re interested in the value of using computers to teach – not using computers to teach about computers, but using computers to teach about the world, then Mindstorms is a must-read. It’s easy to dismiss LOGO for its simplicity, and to forget the various paradigms it bends and breaks (more so than many programming languages) – and it’s remarkable to see just how long ago Papert and his collaborators were touching on ideas that are still fresh and vital today."]]></description>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:games"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:gaming"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:minecraft"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:tocabuilders"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:tocaboca"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:seymourpapert"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:constructivism"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:logic"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:thinking"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:criticalthinking"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:2013"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:mindstorms"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:logo"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:constructiontoys"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:problemsolving"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:ios"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:iphone"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:ipad"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:coding"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:programming"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:teaching"/>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.aiga.org/the-uc-logo-controversy/">
    <title>AIGA | The UC logo controversy: How 54,000 people, the mainstream press and virtually every designer got it wrong</title>
    <dc:date>2013-01-10T19:52:16+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.aiga.org/the-uc-logo-controversy/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["“Designers too often judge logos separate from their system…without understanding that one can’t function without the other,” noted Paula Scher, when I asked her views on the controversy."

Previously:
http://articles.latimes.com/2012/dec/12/news/la-ol-uc-logo-letters-20121212
http://www.sfgate.com/opinion/openforum/article/The-UC-logo-It-s-all-about-the-branding-4113439.php
http://web.archive.org/web/20131210054621/http://www.thinkingwithshakespeare.org/index.php?id=1261
http://www.sacbee.com/2012/12/16/5055646/keeper-dont-let-viral-mob-dictate.html
http://www.thinkingwithshakespeare.org/index.php?id=697
http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2012/12/17/how-could-university-california-have-avoided-logo-mess
http://www.underconsideration.com/brandnew/archives/follow-up_university_of_california.php
http://www.underconsideration.com/brandnew/archives/ic_uc_we_all_c_for_california.php
http://thenewinquiry.com/blogs/zunguzungu/let-us-eat-cake/
http://thenewinquiry.com/blogs/zunguzungu/a-different-baton/

And for reference:
http://brand.universityofcalifornia.edu/
http://brand.universityofcalifornia.edu/guidelines/visual-identity.html
http://brand.universityofcalifornia.edu/guidelines/identity-elements.html
http://brand.universityofcalifornia.edu/guidelines/color.html
http://brand.universityofcalifornia.edu/guidelines/official-university-fonts.html
http://brand.universityofcalifornia.edu/guidelines/the-uc-seal.html
http://brand.universityofcalifornia.edu/guidelines/photography.html
http://brand.universityofcalifornia.edu/guidelines/editorial.html
http://brand.universityofcalifornia.edu/guidelines/executing-the-brand.html

Onward California:
https://vimeo.com/50793162
https://vimeo.com/48040935

original video (with controversial logo)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ARWWDEhGP8o ]


[Related sites:
http://universityofcalifornia.edu/
http://achieve.universityofcalifornia.edu/
http://lograr.universityofcalifornia.edu/
http://www.onwardcalifornia.com/ ]]]></description>
<dc:subject>julialupton arminvit brandnew aaronbady vanessacorrea controversy design highered education criticism christophersimmons marketing logos 2013 2012 identity branding logo uc paulascher universityofcalifornia</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:32a794caff66/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:2013"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:2012"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:logo"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:uc"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:paulascher"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:universityofcalifornia"/>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://stager.tv/blog/?p=928">
    <title>Perestroika and Epistemological Politics : Stager-to-Go</title>
    <dc:date>2013-01-05T14:57:49+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://stager.tv/blog/?p=928</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["I am suggesting that it is useful to think of what is happening as the system striving to define teaching as a technical act."

"Real restructuring of the administration and of the curriculum can only come with an epistemological restructuring, an epistemological perestroika . . . reshaping the structure of knowledge itself."

"A body of evidence is building up that puts in question, not only whether traditional scientific method is the only way to do good science, but even whether it is even practiced to any large extent."

"Control over teachers and students is simply easier when knowledge is reduced to rules stated so formally that the bureaucrat is always able to “know” unambiguously what is right and what is wrong. "

"For stable change a deeper restructuring is needed–or else the large parts of the system you didn’t change will just bring the little parts you did change back into line. We have to seek out the deeper structures on which the system is based."]]></description>
<dc:subject>accountability power control sovietunion rules curriculum cv teaching epistemology revolution perestroika mitmedialab logo 1990 learning education change megachange educationreform bureaucracy systems systemicchange hierarchy constructivism seymourpapert medialab gorbachev</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:efb68b6c7f25/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:power"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:control"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:sovietunion"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:rules"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:curriculum"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:cv"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:epistemology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:revolution"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:perestroika"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:mitmedialab"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:1990"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:learning"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:change"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:educationreform"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:bureaucracy"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:systems"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:systemicchange"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:hierarchy"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:constructivism"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:seymourpapert"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:medialab"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:gorbachev"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.underconsideration.com/brandnew/archives/usa_today_for_tomorrow.php">
    <title>Brand New: USA TODAY for Tomorrow</title>
    <dc:date>2012-09-20T07:57:55+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.underconsideration.com/brandnew/archives/usa_today_for_tomorrow.php</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Overall, this is a fantastic redesign for a very complex project and it’s quite amazing that, on the client’s end, everything was delivered and presented at the same time, and done so clearly and with excitement. The launch campaign images above show a kind of confidence rarely seen in major redesigns, as if everyone is waiting for the mob to attack…"

[See also: http://www.creativereview.co.uk/cr-blog/2012/september/usa-today-redesign and http://2x4.org/work/7/New+York+City+Opera/ both via @soulellis ]]]></description>
<dc:subject>graphicarts graphicdesign 2012 evolvinglogos logos logo identitysystem webdesign via:greg usatoday branding typography design wolffolins webdev</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:b40aaa11d7ee/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:graphicarts"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:graphicdesign"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:2012"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:evolvinglogos"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:logos"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:logo"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:identitysystem"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:webdesign"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:via:greg"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:usatoday"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:branding"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:typography"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:design"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:wolffolins"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:webdev"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.underconsideration.com/brandnew/archives/why_microsoft_got_its_logo_right.php">
    <title>Brand New: Why Microsoft Got its Logo Right</title>
    <dc:date>2012-09-01T19:01:22+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.underconsideration.com/brandnew/archives/why_microsoft_got_its_logo_right.php</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["There are two interesting threads that build into this logo. The first is Microsoft’s decision to push aside its corporate logo history and not try to revive or recycle any of the previous stylings… nstead they have chosen to build the new logo around the history of Windows, building on the four-color square arrangement first seen in the form of a flag and most recently as a single-color, tilted version in the Windows 8 logo. This is smart. …

The second thread is, obviously, the evolution into the Metro system and the reason why this new logo feels so underwhelming and like not such big news at all. For the past two, three, and perhaps four years, Microsoft has been slowly deploying different interfaces, advertisements, and products that feature this simplified approach helmed by the Segoe font that has become as distinctive of Microsoft as Myriad of Apple."

[Read on for "the interesting reversal of roles between Apple and Microsoft."]
]]></description>
<dc:subject>windowsphonemetro metro 2012 windows design branding logo logos apple microsoft windowsphone</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:9c9e2c26f069/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:windowsphonemetro"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:metro"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:2012"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:windows"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:design"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:branding"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:logo"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:logos"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:apple"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:microsoft"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:windowsphone"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/">
    <title>NetLogo Home Page</title>
    <dc:date>2012-05-24T17:44:30+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["NetLogo is a multi-agent programmable modeling environment. It is used by tens of thousands of students, teachers and researchers worldwide. It also powers HubNet participatory simulations. It is authored by Uri Wilensky and developed at the CCL. You can download it free of charge.

What can you do with NetLogo? Read more here. Click here for intro video."]]></description>
<dc:subject>edg srg free hubnet coding via:maxfenton netlogo logo complexity visualization modeling education programming</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:0f40f176a7de/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:edg"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:srg"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:free"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:hubnet"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:coding"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:via:maxfenton"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:netlogo"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:logo"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:complexity"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:visualization"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:modeling"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:education"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:programming"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://windowsteamblog.com/windows/b/bloggingwindows/archive/2012/02/17/redesigning-the-windows-logo.aspx">
    <title>Redesigning the Windows Logo</title>
    <dc:date>2012-02-19T23:26:08+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://windowsteamblog.com/windows/b/bloggingwindows/archive/2012/02/17/redesigning-the-windows-logo.aspx</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Paula asked us a simple question, “your name is Windows. Why are you a flag?”

…But if you look back to the origins of the logo you see that it really was meant to be a window. "Windows" really is a beautiful metaphor for computing and with the new logo we wanted to celebrate the idea of a window, in perspective. Microsoft and Windows are all about putting technology in people's hands to empower them to find their own perspectives. And that is what the new logo was meant to be. We did less of a re-design and more to return it to its original meaning and bringing Windows back to its roots – reimagining the Windows logo as just that – a window."
]]></description>
<dc:subject>windows history pentagram paulascher microsoft windows8 logo</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:7bdf9c820a0d/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:windows"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:history"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:pentagram"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:paulascher"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:microsoft"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:windows8"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:logo"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.bogost.com/writing/procedural_literacy.shtml">
    <title>Ian Bogost - Procedural Literacy</title>
    <dc:date>2011-08-01T19:35:05+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.bogost.com/writing/procedural_literacy.shtml</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Learning to become computationally expressive is more important than ever. But I want to suggest that there is a utility for procedural literacy that extends far beyond the ability to program computers. Computer processing comprises only one register of procedurality. More generally, I want to suggest that procedural literacy entails the ability to reconfigure basic concepts and rules to understand and solve problems, not just on the computer, but in general."]]></description>
<dc:subject>education technology teaching media play learning computationalexpression proceduralliteracy computers computing tcsnmy programming coding seymourpapert logo alankay adelegoldberg xeroxparc ianbogost</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:2762b66cb97d/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:education"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:technology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:teaching"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:media"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:proceduralliteracy"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:computers"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:programming"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:coding"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:seymourpapert"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:logo"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:alankay"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:adelegoldberg"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:xeroxparc"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:ianbogost"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://oscon.blip.tv/file/1137045/">
    <title>Nat Torkington: &quot;Spawning the Next Generation of Hackers&quot;</title>
    <dc:date>2009-02-16T18:53:41+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://oscon.blip.tv/file/1137045/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><dc:subject>nattorkington children programming scratch logo teaching schools computers cv gender gendergap ict via:preoccupations processing math robots robotics mindstorms tcsnmy coding</dc:subject>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.designobserver.com/archives/031648.html">
    <title>Design Observer: Wilhelm Deffke: Modern Mark Maker</title>
    <dc:date>2008-01-25T00:22:46+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.designobserver.com/archives/031648.html</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["modern corporate logo was born in Germany shortly after the turn of the twentieth century, the direct descendent of burgher crests, coats of arms, trade and factory marks. In the 1920s members of the Bauhaus and the Ring Neuer Webegestalter (circle of ne
]]></description>
<dc:subject>design history logo logos typography branding brands identity graphics wilhelmdeffke</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:95ddbce0b3e7/</dc:identifier>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://education.mit.edu/starlogo-tng/">
    <title>StarLogo TNG</title>
    <dc:date>2007-10-18T02:27:33+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://education.mit.edu/starlogo-tng/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["StarLogo TNG is The Next Generation of StarLogo modeling and simulation software. While this version holds true to the premise of StarLogo as a tool to create and understand simulations of complex systems, it also brings with it several advances. Through
]]></description>
<dc:subject>starlogo software scratch visualization programming kids children learning education languages opensource osx linux windows mac coding technology visual games gaming graphics interaction simulations language teaching logo</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:924a8a755b27/</dc:identifier>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://blog.wired.com/wiredscience/2007/10/forward-40-wher.html">
    <title>Forward 40: What Became of the LOGO Programming Language? on Wired Science</title>
    <dc:date>2007-10-17T07:58:58+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://blog.wired.com/wiredscience/2007/10/forward-40-wher.html</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["While I sat at my desk one day, two of my classmates figured out how to overwrite the entire screen, which seemed kinda naughty at the time. They giggled, did it again, then giggled some more. From curious children, hackers were born."
]]></description>
<dc:subject>computing computers schools education logo programming history languages nostalgia</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:eae5cf7d0715/</dc:identifier>
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