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    <dc:date>2026-05-11T20:07:13+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://aeon.co/essays/children-need-stress-and-discomfort-in-order-to-grow-up</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["The emotional and practical skills of adulthood can only be learned from (appropriate) levels of discomfort and stress"]]></description>
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    <title>The Religious Shape of Trades Apprenticeships, Pt. 1</title>
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    <link>https://thebluescholar.substack.com/p/the-religious-shape-of-trades-apprenticeships?publication_id=1751670&amp;post_id=177481425&amp;isFreemail=true&amp;r=4xdh&amp;triedRedirect=true</link>
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<item rdf:about="https://www.thesunmagazine.org/articles/594-under-construction">
    <title>Under Construction | The Sun Magazine</title>
    <dc:date>2025-06-25T02:35:23+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://www.thesunmagazine.org/articles/594-under-construction</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Richard Reeves on Rebuilding Masculinity"

...

"Where I think the debate goes wrong sometimes is when people look at these disadvantages for men and boys and try to find a villain or an oppressor. They’ll claim the “feminist woke takeover of institutions” is causing men’s problems. That’s just horseshit, and it distracts us from structural issues. For example, the school system doesn’t work quite as well for boys. It’s not intentional; there’s no feminist plot here. I have never argued that men are being intentionally excluded. Those are all myths—and dangerous ones at that. But that doesn’t mean that boys and men aren’t struggling in systems that are difficult for them to navigate. Can we have a problem without a villain? I think so, but that’s an unfashionable view right now."

...

"My basic view is that, in politics, something almost always beats nothing. We saw this huge swing to the right among young men because they felt there was something for them on the Republican side. I’m not suggesting that it was substantive policy, but there was a degree of cultural welcome, of playfulness, of transgressive humor. Most important, Republicans went to where men are, not the least of which is the podcast realm. That’s where young men get a lot of their information.

And while the Republicans met men where they are, it was just a deafening silence from the Democrats. The way I interpret this election outcome is not as a particularly strong embrace of Donald Trump or the Republican Party in general, but more as an indication that young men’s votes were up for grabs in a way that people on the Left didn’t consider, and the Right made a stronger appeal for them. I think the fatal miscalculation Democrats made was to think this was going to be an election about women, and it wasn’t. The danger now is that they will decide these men who voted for Trump are all reactionaries and misogynists, and that’s not true. But that interpretation could be dangerous for Democrats."

...

"Peggy Orenstein, in her 2020 book, Boys & Sex—she’s also written one about girls and sex—asks late-teen boys and young men, “What’s good about being a boy or a man?” They can’t answer. They’re stumped by the question. That wasn’t true when she asked the same question of girls. We’ve created something of an empty set. I don’t know about you, Daniel, but I think it’s awesome being a dude. I didn’t get to choose it, but I really like it. When I say that to people, they’re like, “Oh, that’s a bold thing to say.” But is it? I desperately want my sons to feel good about themselves. I also don’t want a society where my sons go around thinking about how masculine they are. To get past that being such a strong identity, you have to feel very comfortable in it, and that’s hard to do when people tend to pathologize or problematize it."]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kPYsCBYL_BQ">
    <title>The Persistence of Time | The Hour Glass - YouTube</title>
    <dc:date>2025-03-18T03:02:00+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kPYsCBYL_BQ</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["The Hour Glass presents The Persistence of Time, an evocative cinematic exploration of timekeeping’s historical evolution and its enduring impact on contemporary artisanal watchmaking. From the earliest milestones in measuring time to the groundbreaking innovations of horloger de la marine Abraham-Louis Breguet, this film traces the rise of independent watchmaking across the generations.
 
Join some of the watch industry’s leading voices—Alex Ghotbi, Aurel Bacs, David Rooney, Felix Baumgartner, Firmin Li, Jean Arnault, Kari Voutilainen, Maximilian Büsser, Michael Tay, Rémy Cools, Rexhep Rexhepi, Su Jia Xian, and Wei Koh—as they reflect on the forces shaping this timeless art form to uncover how time defines both craft and perception."]]></description>
<dc:subject>watches watchmaking thehourglass 2025 alexghotbi aurelbacs davidrooney felixbaumgartner firminli jeanarnault karivoutilainen maximilianbüsser maxbüsser michaeltay rémycools rexheprexhepi sujiaxian weikoh mb&amp;f akrivia rexhepi urwerk johnharrison abrahamlouis-breguet history guilloché design artisans style breguetsympathique navigation regulation mechanics mechanicalengineering engineering thomasearnshaw uk france switzerland technology marinechronometers escapements precision observatories chronometers timekeeping quartz georgedaniels invention craft handmade derekpratt coaxialmovement watchmovements independent fpjourne 1980s materials independentwatchmaking vincentcalabrese philippedufour svendandersen ahci danielroth press media exhicbitions marketing watchindustry luxury tha denisflageollet vianneyhalter watchmakers brands 1990s pocketwatches complications henrywinston 2000s goldpfeil 1979 patekphilippe rolex géraldgenta 1999 2000 1994 1991 artisanal singapore watchcollecting 1970s 2010s 202</dc:subject>
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<item rdf:about="https://www.dissentmagazine.org/article/nature-as-an-ally-an-interview-with-wendell-berry/">
    <title>Nature as an Ally: An Interview with Wendell Berry - Dissent Magazine</title>
    <dc:date>2025-01-27T00:46:07+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://www.dissentmagazine.org/article/nature-as-an-ally-an-interview-with-wendell-berry/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Each generational wave of environmental concern seems to lap at Wendell Berry’s doorstep. He gave up teaching and writing in New York in the sixties to return to Kentucky, establishing a small farm at Lanes Landing near Port Royal, and dedicating himself to writing about the roots of the life he leads there. Readers have sought his inspiration to overcome the incessant churning of environmental destruction and industrial food production. Berry embodies a certain sort of alternative. When I arrived at Lanes Landing, I knew that many seekers had come before me to put a face to the writing, and to see this life for themselves.

Berry is best known for his attention to place—an insistence on community and an intimate knowledge of home, from the soil to the weather patterns to the human history. I initially came to his work through the Southern Agrarians, a group of twelve Southerners who in 1930 published I’ll Take My Stand, a manifesto against Northern industrialism and the loss of a romanticized, rooted, agrarian life. Berry’s resistance to capitalist definitions of progress rhymes with a long intellectual tradition of skepticism of American urbanization, mechanization, and hypermobility. His 1973 “Manifesto: The Mad Farmer Liberation Front” begins with the image of the uprooted, commercially oriented modern:

Love the quick profit, the annual raise,
vacation with pay. Want more
of everything ready-made. Be afraid
to know your neighbors and to die.
And you will have a window in your head.
Not even your future will be a mystery
any more. Your mind will be punched in a card
and shut away in a little drawer.
When they want you to buy something
they will call you. When they want you
to die for profit they will let you know.

Even as he subjects market society to a scathing critique, he seeks out the tensions that remained deeply unresolved in the writings of the Agrarians: how people might become more free—free from patriarchy, racism, and so on—without becoming deracinated. In The Hidden Wound, Berry explored race through his experience growing up on a Kentucky farm, and in essays like “Feminism, the Body, and the Machine,” he set freedom in relation to the productive household economy; feminism for him, and male freedom too, is full and free employment within an independent household, minimally reliant on commodities.

Berry’s influences can be traced beyond the Agrarians to ecological and religious conceptions of nature. He asks how we can develop our understanding of our environment so that we can respect its limits as we arrange our human lives. He therefore opposes the national-parks model of conservation: purity on this side, despoliation on the other. “Agriculture using nature,” he has written, “…would approach the world in the manner of a conversationalist….On all farms, farmers would undertake to know responsibly where they are and to ‘consult the genius of the place.’”

All of this raises serious questions about a sort of agrarian epistemology. If we can’t count on technocratic solutions, how can we determine our limits? How do we consult the genius of place? Berry approaches this question through discussions of the farming life, but through religion and poetry as well. His most recent book, The Poetry of William Carlos Williams of Rutherford, is a tribute to the poet whose work explored Paterson, New Jersey, with all the sensitivity and accompanying understanding that Berry brings to poetic explorations of his own place.

Lest this all sound too abstract, the first thing Berry placed in my hands, after a glass of water, was the 50-Year Farm Bill, a long-term proposal largely devised by his friend Wes Jackson of the Land Institute “for gradual systemic change in agriculture.” The proposal focuses on redeveloping the natural biodiversity of land, and Berry has been to Washington to lobby on its behalf. Berry has been active as well in opposition to the coal industry in Kentucky, and recently withdrew his papers from the University of Kentucky after it accepted coal money to build a dormitory for the basketball team.

Berry, now seventy-seven, has received many accolades for his work. This year he was chosen to give the Jefferson Lecture in the Humanities, the federal government’s top honor in the humanities. The Michael Pollans of the world pay him tribute openly and often. But the state of ecological affairs in America and the world is now more dire than when he started writing.

Berry’s farmhouse sits on a steep hillside overlooking the Kentucky River and land about which he has long written, “a place I don’t remember not knowing.” It is heartening to see Berry honored and his works quoted, but Berry asks us to be concerned with the whole agricultural process, from the land to the workers, all the overlapping realms of economy discussed by the authors in this special section. This is not an easy thing to do in the face of impending environmental catastrophe, a situation that would seem to demand quick fixes. We began with Berry’s lamentation that food alone should so dominate public discussion.

-Sarah Leonard

Wendell Berry: The discussion about food doesn’t make any sense without discussion at the same time of land, land use, land policy, fertility maintenance, and farm infrastructure maintenance. How are you going to get the best farming and the best food from a landscape that has removed its fences, which means the animals have been removed from agriculture? Without animals, something essential is removed from the minds of the farmers. Corn and bean people, I’m afraid, have extremely specialized minds.

Sarah Leonard: Can you talk about how you think about your farm working?

WB: [The British agricultural scientist] Sir Albert Howard said that in her management of the native forest—and, [Land Institute founder] Wes Jackson would say, of the native prairie—nature never farms without livestock. And Howard’s understanding of nature’s “farming” in undisturbed ecosystems is the scientific bedrock of organic agriculture….The difference, then, between a large Midwest farm practicing a corn and soybean rotation on every tillable acre and a good small farm with an orderly diversity of plants and animals is one of structure, and this is a critical difference. There is no structural complexity at all in a corn and bean rotation. The connections between people and land are dangerously oversimplified and mainly technological.

SL: And more grotesquely in meat production.

WB: You’re talking about the industrial system that confines the animals closely in one place and grows their food in another place, usually distant. This breaks the fertility cycle and violates all the principles of nature on which sustainable agriculture and a dependable food supply depend. The proper role of animals in agriculture is to complete the ecological integrity of farms, and to produce food for humans from pastures—especially pastures on land that is mainly, or entirely, suitable only for grazing.

Do you know the phrase “mind-numbing work”? This is a cliché that for a long time has been used to denigrate farming. If your economic policies drive farmers off the land, you are pleased to have saved them from “mind-numbing work”—which is usually associated with smaller farms. But if you have several thousand acres of corn, and you’re getting up in the morning to spend all day long driving a cultivator, or a sprayer, or a combine through those identical rows, day after day. . . that’s dull. And it would dull your mind. But suppose you have, say a hundred or a hundred and fifty acres of rolling land, maybe twenty-five Jersey cows, a few hogs, a garden, flowers everywhere, cliff swallows nesting against the barn wall, and children playing and wandering about. That isn’t dull. That requires hard work, of course. But it also requires constant attention and intelligence; it gives a lot of pleasure, and you’ll probably find that it depends on love.

SL: Do you think that a large portion of the population would be happy doing this kind of work?

WB: Maybe not. . . .But, you’ve switched the conversation to the question of vocation. It would be wrong to assume that every person is called to be a farmer. To use the Amish example, the agrarian community needs mechanics, manufacturers (there are things they need that we don’t make), farriers, harness makers, horse breeders, carpenters, and so on. I have never, ever said that everybody ought to be a farmer. But I do say that everybody ought to work at something useful and necessary, and not destructive. Our substitution of “job” (any “job”) for vocation is disastrous.

SL: Why do you think urban agriculture has gotten so much attention?

WB: We have everything to gain from urban agriculture. But that’s not farming. Louisville, Kentucky, for example, is not going to feed itself from gardening alone. They need milk and meat—things that you can’t produce in the city. Every time someone in Louisville plants something to eat, we’re better off out here. Urban gardeners know something of the biology, the art, and the chanciness of growing food, which makes it possible for them to imagine the life and work of farming out in the countryside. From this and the interest in local food, you get an urban agrarianism that I think is simply indispensable.

SL: Why do you think the emphasis has been so heavy on urban agriculture, and not on things outside the city?

WB: Well, urban people have been permitted, by cheap fossil fuel and other subsidies, to think of themselves as somehow islanded. Independent. And you could contrast that with the ancient Greek idea of the city, which included both the built-up urban center and the tributary landscape. Ancient Greek cities and towns had granaries and stables. Harvested grain would be brought into the city, and the flocks and herds would be driven into the city at night for safety. That was an immediate contact between city and country, and we’ve lost that. Louisville lost the Bourbon Stockyards and much of the meatpacking industry that was there, and most Louisvillians seem to have counted that as progress. I tried to help an effort to relocate a stockyard in the Lexington, Kentucky, neighborhood but the people didn’t want it at all, anywhere. They wanted the meat, but not the live animals or the manure. That’s hard to deal with, also crazy. You’ve got to put your mind on the whole fundamental economic structure, from field and forest to city, so that you can have economic justice (some sense of parity along the line), and you don’t have any demeaning work. If you’ve got a large-scale meat-processing industry, for instance, where some poor soul has to knock cows in the head all day, that’s demeaning to everyone involved.

But any kind of drudgery is horrible. Drudgery is having too much repetitive work to do, for too long, with no choice but to do it, with no sense of vocation, and under the rule of a boss. When everybody here had a tobacco crop, an uninitiated person from some suburb or city who came to our work at harvest time would just be horrified. It was extraordinarily difficult work. Hot. Long days, virtually from dark to dark, and strenuous. But that didn’t last all year around. And we were doing it with our neighbors and for no pay. (The old rule was, nobody’s done until everybody’s done.) This was not drudgery.

SL: One of the trends among young people (maybe a bit of a revival?) is WWOOFing [Worldwide Opportunity on Organic Farms]—in which people travel and work on organic farms for a time. The farms are all listed in a book and online now. The young people can go and work on the farm. The time you stay can range wildly. It’s agriculture without place. People use it to travel…

WB: To really be effective, the apprenticeship probably needs to last a whole year—to get the annual cycle and see how the whole thing works.

SL: I think for people who want to go work on a farm, it seems like it would be fulfilling. It takes on a therapeutic ethos.

WB: You have to see the whole picture. Nobody comes to farm to dispose of dead livestock or to cope with a disease outbreak. Nobody comes to mend fences, although I happen to like mending fences myself. You have to have some sense of how each task is gathered into the larger pattern.

SL: A lot of people—not just supporters of agribusiness—wonder if there were a world of small farms, could we feed the world population as it exists now?

WB: No, it can’t be definitively answered. For one thing, we don’t know anything about the future. For another thing, the “small farm” can’t be defined once for every place. There are all kinds of critical questions requiring answers. Is there such a thing as a bad small farm? Are there good large farms? You have to study and evaluate a range of examples. If you have a lucrative grain market, and virtually every farmer is growing soybeans or corn on every acre that’ll hold up a tractor, and fertilizing it with chemical fertilizer, the inevitable runoff going into the local watershed and on into the Mississippi River and the Gulf of Mexico—that so-called dead zone in the Gulf—you can say that is wrong. There is nothing in that scheme that guarantees you a long-term food supply. You are destroying the land resource, the land communities, and the soil itself. The soil is part of the land community, which is where you have to start, and that’s where the 50-Year Farm Bill starts. It addresses not food production but the problems of agriculture as it now is: erosion, toxicity, and the destruction of the husbandry cultures in local communities. If you are feeding people by destroying the land, and the rural communities, and polluting the water systems—and if you consider that damage to be a sustainable cost—you’re crazy.

This turns us toward the need for a better general criticism than we have of the economy and the culture. One crucial thing to consider is what Wes Jackson calls the “eyes to acres” ratio. If you’re going to take care of the land well you need to have enough people caring for it and watching over it. In industrial agriculture, a few people “farm” a lot of land with big machines and a lot of chemicals—with the results I’ve just described. That’s the large-scale farming some people think will “feed the world,” the billions of people now mostly in cities. It’ll feed them for a short time. But we need to feed them for a long time. My side of the argument says it’s possible to have a more complex, long-term structure. It’s possible to have a farming culture in which everything helps everything else—following the example of nature. A good farmer I know used to say, “It’s good to have nature working for you. She works at a minimum wage.” Nature is a powerful ally, if you respect her and her ways.

If you work against her, as we are now doing, she’ll work against you. The penalties may be severe.

The agri-industrialists have what they think is a rhetorical question addressed to my side: “If you farm by your principles, who’s going to decide who’s going to starve?” We could put that question back to them: “Who’s going to decide who is going to starve when you get done polluting and eroding the arable land, and destroying all the world’s cultures of land husbandry?”

SL: The Southern Agrarians looked to religion to do what nature does—to be something all powerful and uncontrollable and mysterious.

WB: Nature has a very high place in poetic tradition. What I want to insist on about religion is not that it’s spiritual, but that it’s economic. The practice of religion is economic. And that’s more or less insisted upon in the Bible. Ellen Davis at Duke has written about that in her book Scripture, Culture, Agriculture.

SL: If, in America, we were to develop a system of farming that was not corporate, the scale of the change would be enormous, it would take politics.

WB: I’m committed to the 50-Year Farm Bill, which is directed at the U.S. Department of Agriculture. It’s one of my last causes. When they ask me to go to Washington and advocate for that bill, I will go.

SL: Is that, in fact, happening?

WB: Well, Fred Kirschenmann [of the Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture at Iowa State University] and Wes Jackson and I did carry that bill to Washington, and were kindly received by [Deputy Secretary of Agriculture] Kathleen Merrigan and her staff in the Department of Agriculture, also a few senators or their staff people. Since then, the bill seems to have gained more attention and maybe a little momentum. Maybe you could call it the beginning of a significant change.

So I’m hardly against politics. I’m committed also to the movement against mountaintop removal. That movement is certainly growing, and it is drawing more attention. But state government here is mostly owned by the coal industry. It’s hard to influence people who are corporate properties.

SL: Do you think of good farming, or farms that are on a proper scale, to be compatible with capitalism or with free markets?

WB: To have good farming or good land use of any kind, you have got to have limits. Capitalism doesn’t acknowledge limits. That is why we have supposedly limitless economic growth in a finite world. Good agriculture is formal. You can have limits without form, but you can’t have form without limits. If you look around the country and find small farmers who have prospered in hard times, you’ll probably find that they’ve prospered because they’ve accepted their limits. Among other things, they’ve increased production by complicating structure.

But good agriculture is a community enterprise, too. The Amish prosper and net a high percentage of gross, partly because they are good neighbors to one another. The great Amish asset is neighborliness. That’s a religious principle: Love thy neighbor as thyself. But it’s also an economic asset. If you’ve got a neighbor, you’ve got help, and this implies another limit. If you want to have neighbors, you can’t have a limitless growth economy. You have to prefer to have a neighbor rather than to own your neighbor’s farm. There’s a fundamental incompatibility between industrial capitalism and both the ecological and the social principles of good agriculture. The aim of industrialization has always been to replace people with machines or other technology, to make the cost of production as low as possible, to sell the product as high as possible, and to move the wealth into fewer and fewer hands. People talk about “job creation,” as if that had ever been the aim the industrial economy. The original Luddites were right. The aim was to replace people with machines.

SL: Are you a socialist?

WB: From what I’ve read and heard, socialism and communism have been just as committed to industrial principles as capitalism. My own inclination is not to start with a political idea or theory and think downward to the land and the people, but instead to start with the land and the people, the necessity for harmony between local ecosystems and local economies, and think upward to conserving policies such as those of the 50-Year Farm Bill.

SL: Are there political figures who you think have been good at this?

WB: No. No politicians are standing up for this. No politicians. And the prominent economists whose work you see in newspapers or magazines never mention the land or the land economies.

SL: Michael Pollan figures…talk about food and maybe less about farming. Do you think that the people who have taken up this burden are as concerned with the farming as you are?

WB: I don’t know—I don’t know how you’d measure somebody’s concern. I know that Michael Pollan, Eric Schlosser, and others know what is wrong with the industrial food production systems, and that includes farming. There are several good younger writers now writing about agriculture, and I’m more grateful for them than I can easily say.

It may be that a lot of the people most disposed to go back and farm are those with the least farm experience. Too many farm-raised young people want to work in industry or the professions to get away from the economic constraints their families have suffered. Their families are telling them “Get out of this,” and you can’t blame them. I was talking to a group of people in Central Kentucky about the importance of keeping the farm-raised kids in farming. Someone in the audience said, “By the time they get out of college they have so much debt they can’t afford to farm.” I said. “Then we’ve got to keep them out of college.”

SL: I want to get at this idea of looking for some intrinsic value in what’s around you, a persistent theme in your nonfiction and your poetry. I wonder if it could be described as … “wonder”?

WB: “Wonder” is a word that applies. To live and work attentively in a diverse landscape such as this one—made up of native woodlands, pastures, croplands, ponds, and streams—is to live from one revelation to another, things unexpected, always of interest, often wonderful. After a while, you understand that there can be no end to this. The place is essentially interesting, inexhaustibly beautiful and wonderful. To know this is a defense against the incessant salestalk that is always telling you that what you have is not good enough; your life is not good enough. There aren’t many right answers to that. One of them, one of the best, comes from living watchfully and carefully the life uniquely granted to you by your place: My life, thank you very much, is just fine.

SL: Andrew Nelson Lytle in I’ll Take My Stand writes something similar. I know you’ve written about the Twelve Southerners, too. I wonder if you ever think about region as useful to thinking about agriculture, whether it obscures the way people think about land and agriculture.

WB: I did talk about that in an essay on the Civil War. The South is a region, but mainly in the political sense. Geographically, ecologically, even historically, the South has many regions. Kentucky has many regions. But that won’t tell you how to farm. What we’re talking about is adapting the farming to the farm, and to the field. . . . John Todd wrote a sentence that has mattered immensely to Wes Jackson and me: “Elegant solutions will be predicated on the uniqueness of place.” One of the wonders of modern agriculture is that agricultural science—like all other science—is founded on evolutionary biology, which sees local adaptation as an absolute necessity for every species, but we have we managed to exempt the human species.

SL: Is there anything else you’d like to add?

WB: Here’s the tragedy of agriculture in our time. In the middle of the last century, Aldo Leopold was writing and publishing on the “land community” and ecological land husbandry. Sir Albert Howard and J. Russell Smith had written of natural principles as the necessary basis of agriculture. This was work that was scientifically reputable. At the end of the Second World War, ignoring that work, the politicians, the agricultural bureaucracies, the colleges of agriculture, and the agri-business corporations went all-out to industrialize agriculture and to get first the people and then the animals off the land and into the factories. This was a mistake, involving colossal offenses against both land and people. The costs have not been fully reckoned, let alone fully paid."]]></description>
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    <title>The Anarchist Approach to Education: Ivan Illich as an Alternative to Institutional Education (Essay) | by Journey Bardati | Medium</title>
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    <title>Becoming A Watchmaker | Alena Diaz - YouTube</title>
    <dc:date>2023-12-12T20:21:26+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WCGC9qjEI9o</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Alena Diaz is a watchmaker in the Pacific Northwest - she's taken her passion for all things mechanical and has ticked some pretty incredible boxes - from working alongside some of the worlds most talented horologists on automatons, to restoring and maintaining historical clocks, to engine turning dials and even working as an independent watchmaker for indie as well as well-established watch repair shops! Join us as she walks us through her personal journey in the specialized field of watchmaking!

If you're curious about learning and would like to dive deeper into the world of watchmaking, below are some resources that Alena calls out in her presentation:

North Seattle College - Watch Technology Institute:
https://northseattle.edu/programs/watch-technology-institute 

Northwest School of Horology:
https://www.norwestschoolofhorology.com/contact.php

American Watchmakers Clockmakers Institute (AWCI)
https://www.awci.com/educationcareers/awci-course-catalog/

Veterans Watchmaker Initiative:
https://www.veteranswatchmakerinitiative.org/

Horopedia Watchmaking Schools List:
https://horopedia.org/watchmaking-schools-2/  "]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.thewatchmakersapprentice.com/">
    <title>The Watchmaker's Apprentice</title>
    <dc:date>2023-10-12T16:28:12+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.thewatchmakersapprentice.com/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["The Watchmaker’s Apprentice is fundamentally a documentary about two very special men, whose skills are unparalleled in the world today – the only men in history to master an art so completely and perfectly, that between them, they are successfully reviving an ancient industry.

The documentary is also about the passage of time, about making every moment count, about life and – ultimately – about death; itʼs about our fleeting existence, and the opportunities we have to leave an eternally lasting imprint on the world should we choose to push ourselves and our creative, scientific and ‘human’ abilities to their full potential.

It’s about obsession. Passion. Personality. At the very heart of the story lies the fascinating and vividly colourful relationship between the two protagonists – The Watchmaker himself, George Daniels CBE, and his Apprentice Roger W Smith, the only man George ever deemed worthy to pass his hard-earned knowledge and skills to in order to continue his life’s work.

Their relationship is captivating – one of mutual respect and arms-length friendship, with a healthy dose of competition, somewhat akin to a father and son working in the same field, but made all the more interesting because of their entirely disparate personalities.

It was only when George passed away sadly before this documentary was completed, aged 85, that the true depth of the admiration the men had formed for each other began to become apparent: in Roger’s final interviews, the moving eulogies at the funeral, and in George’s generous and heartfelt final gesture revealed in the execution of his Final Will and Testament…

The Watchmaker’s Apprentice, made by independent production company DAM Productions on the Isle of Man, contains the last interview George Daniels gave, just months before his death in October 2011. As a result of the relationship built with our team over 18 months of filming, the story will be told through the compassionate eyes of a friend; unbridled access has enabled us to acquire fascinating footage of Georgeʼs workshop (exactly as he left it before it was dismantled), his wonderful collection of vintage cars and his beautiful home – the contents of which have since been distributed to auction houses around the world.

The documentary is narrated by acclaimed British actor, John Rhys-Davies (‘Lord of the Rings’, ‘Indiana Jones’), and features interviews with numerous esteemed friends, family and colleagues of both men. Music includes songs by Manx artists Davy Knowles and Christine Collister, 3D animation and character illustration by Manx 3D/Maya artist Andrew Martin and additional graphical representations by Gary Myers."]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="https://newrepublic.com/article/173934/bear-starts-new-season-fx-tv-review">
    <title>Why “The Bear” Starts Over In Its New Season | The New Republic</title>
    <dc:date>2023-07-18T06:56:09+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://newrepublic.com/article/173934/bear-starts-new-season-fx-tv-review</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["TV has never done the classroom terribly well. For all the vaunted—even inaccurate!—specificity contemporary television has brought to the courtroom or the emergency room or the police station, sites of learning remain vaguely fantastical, blank spaces. There’s lots of fun dramatic material to be mined in the social networks that surround schools and campuses, but the actual work of learning is rarely deemed interesting enough to spend too much time on. Even Netflix’s campus dramedy The Chair, for example, which nailed the pratfalls of academic bureaucracy, the small-stakes warfare of faculty argument, and, importantly, the soft marginalization of women and people of color in the academy, couldn’t manage to nudge its classroom scenes beyond cartoonish generality.

But recently that’s begun to change. Right now, we can watch the chaos of pedagogy in Quinta Brunson’s Abbott Elementary, the leftist moral education of Boots Riley’s I’m a Virgo, and the queer odes to adult education—in both singing and agriculture—of Somebody, Somewhere. In and out of the classroom, the day-to-day drama of education is, all of a sudden, not just a backdrop but a central concern of contemporary TV.

And then there’s FX’s The Bear, whose second season dropped earlier this week on Hulu. The Bear is not a show about academia or high school or college or even culinary school. It is, however, one of the best shows on television about learning—a raucous, romantic meditation on what it means to teach and to be taught."

...

"Even a superficial accounting of what happens in the new episodes reveals this thematic core: Line-cooks Tina (Liza Colón-Zayas) and Ebraheim (Edwin Lee Gibson) are sent to a crash course at culinary school to help them both prepare for new responsibilities—Tina’s been promoted to sous chef—in the new restaurant’s haute-cuisine environment; Marcus (Lionel Boyce) travels to Copenhagen to study under Carmy’s former rival so that he can return to become The Bear’s pastry chef; Richie stages at an Alinea-esque fine dining restaurant where he discovers how to blend his natural charm with the complexities of upscale service.

But it’s not just schools and apprenticeships. Richie and Fak (Matty Matheson) watch YouTube videos to learn how to hang drywall and do electrical work; Sydney combs through Coach K’s leadership memoir for tips on how to be a leader and create a positive and efficient team culture; Carmy, in a new romantic relationship, has to figure out how to be in a romantic relationship for the first time. He doesn’t know how, he tells his girlfriend, Claire (Molly Gordon), because he skipped college to go to Copenhagen himself. Nobody knows the skills they need to grow, to survive. They all have to learn those skills wherever they can.

The Bear is now rightly famous for its operatic argument scenes—I won’t belabor this review with an accounting of the epic, cameo-heavy Feast of the Seven Fishes episode of this season. Suffice it to say that if it’s yelling you’re looking for, The Bear has a special on it this season. But the show’s best and most special work, I’ve always thought, has been done in its quiet moments. These scenes of instruction are almost all pitched at a low volume. Richie’s apprenticeship and Carmy’s romantic education are characterized mostly by whispered lessons between intimates. Tina’s schooling and Sydney’s odyssey through the culinary world of Chicago are near-silent, scored mostly by the sound of sharp knives slicing fish and vegetable and delicious baked goods being crunched by hungry mouths. Marcus’s study-abroad trip is notable not just for the soft talk between him and his tutor, Luca (Will Poulter), but also for the fact that the show’s overactive iPod shuffle of dad rock deep cuts is paused for much of the stand-alone episode that’s focused on the Copenhagen apprenticeship. The show gives not only narrative but aesthetic space to these moments of learning, some of which are so beautiful and simply profound that they might bring tears to your eyes. The overactive camera stays put, the overactive soundtrack settles down, the characters stand still, they listen, they see.

***

Contemporary TV can sometimes seem to move back and forth between a fascination with competence and a leering obsession with incompetence. It’s rare that a show can dwell in between these two poles of knowledge for long. The drama of development, the narrative of education, despite being an obvious structural fit for serialized television, can sometimes fall by the wayside in favor of tall tales of virtuosity and short tales of stupidity. On Succession, the show that handed the discourse off to The Bear when it ended a few weeks ago, you are either an omnipotent titan or a sniveling boob. Nobody gets better, nobody learns anything, all opportunities or suggestions for improvement are refused as insults.

The Bear refuses this polarity, even as it would be easy, perhaps, to transform into a Mad Men–style exploration of the vicissitudes of creative genius. This show, instead, embraces the humility and the humanity of the act of learning, the self-awareness and self-abnegation it requires for even the talented to admit that they don’t know everything, that there’s always more to learn. What you need, in order to dramatize this type of education, is patience. (For that reason, it was a strange choice to dump all 10 episodes at once, rather than course them out weekly over the rest of the summer.) As Luca tells Marcus, the best way to learn is to “fuck up.” And while contemporary TV shows are supposed to be “patient” at an aesthetic level, with their bottle episodes and their slow-burn plots, there are incentives to rush things along. What if the audience gets bored? What if the show doesn’t get renewed? The very idea that this show, so defined by the electricity of its kitchen, would set nearly the entire second season in a building that very conspicuously doesn’t even have its gas on, is a staggering feat of televisual derring-do. That the new season ends before the new restaurant’s official first service is as bold a storytelling gambit as I can think of.

It’s hard to imagine that a show this good at what it does—and this buzzy—will be canceled, but anything is possible. So the risk is great that The Bear might have taken the leisurely way to The Bear and cost itself the opportunity to tell the full story. But the show’s second season is an optimistic one regardless. Everybody trying to learn, everybody trying to get the gas turned on. The Bear is a narrative of education, a story of shaky masters and streaking apprentices, and the lesson is this: Stay open."]]></description>
<dc:subject>learning pedagogy television thebear education howwelearn howwteach youtube unschooling deschooling messiness complexity tv film competence expertise growth growing optimism self-improvement slow patience humility humanity humanism talent self-awareness philipmaciak classroom schoolhouse skills apprenticeships lessons beauty human mistakes failure self-abnegation instruction</dc:subject>
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<item rdf:about="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ynbw9uO7Ag">
    <title>Setting The Record Straight With Philippe Dufour - YouTube</title>
    <dc:date>2023-03-09T05:44:55+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ynbw9uO7Ag</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["We have a very special video to share with you today as we had the chance of meeting our good friend Philippe Dufour the other day who wanted to set the record straight regarding a few things that recently have misleading been said about some of his achievements. 

I hope that now everything will be clear and it’s always a great pleasure to meet the great artist in his inspiring workshop with his family by his side."

[later:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQDYqU-xjvA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V7LfSg7UIrY]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQDYqU-xjvA">
    <title>Follow up with Daniela and Philippe Dufour - YouTube</title>
    <dc:date>2023-03-09T05:40:33+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQDYqU-xjvA</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["We are extremely happy to share with you a very special video as we thought it would be an interesting idea to do some kind of follow up on Daniela Dufour's evolution working with her father, the legendary Philippe Dufour. 

Transmission of knowledge is something very dear to us, and what better way to illustrate this than through this kind of coverage; a very concrete example of what it means. So our goal is to do so on a regular basis, and you will therefore be able to experience with us what it is like to have such a great father/teacher by her side.

And just as a side note, we are the only ones who have been able to enter this fantastic workshop since the pandemic began and this does feel like a very special privilege."

[previously:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ynbw9uO7Ag

later:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V7LfSg7UIrY

See also:
https://quillandpad.com/2021/08/12/philippe-dufours-daughter-daniela-makes-her-first-simplicity-plus-video/
https://quillandpad.com/2022/06/05/daniela-and-philippe-dufour-they-like-it-complicated-video/]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="https://twitter.com/keguro_/status/1373253524587479044">
    <title>k'eguro on Twitter: &quot;&quot;Why am I being asked questions that James Baldwin answered in the 1960s, that Toni Morrison answered in the 80s?&quot; https://t.co/KVmMQfwQDj&quot; / Twitter</title>
    <dc:date>2021-03-22T04:32:59+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://twitter.com/keguro_/status/1373253524587479044</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[““Why am I being asked questions that James Baldwin answered in the 1960s, that Toni Morrison answered in the 80s?” [links to source “White people, black authors are not your medicine: https://www.theguardian.com/books/2021/mar/20/white-people-black-authors-are-not-your-medicine)”]

I return, as always, to Althusser, who teaches me to ask not simply how toxic systems PERSIST but also how they are DELIBERATELY and CONSISTENTLY REPRODUCED.

And I think this is something I’d like to see foregrounded more often.

It’s not simply that colonialism “never ended,” but that its systems have been reproduced.

How has that happened?
How can it be interrupted?
How can it be destroyed?

We know some of it: hiring practices, apprenticeship practices, the small bureaucratic things passed on; administrative structures and procedures, recycling of people as they move from one position to another, as their mentees follow them.

Which is why the idea of “new blood” being “the change that is inevitable” doesn’t work for me.

Organizations exist to reproduce themselves. They survive by reproducing themselves: their practices, their personnel, their secrets, their lies.”]]></description>
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    <title>Alec Resnick on Twitter: “OK, via prompt by @vgr, 1 like = 1 opinion about unschooling”</title>
    <dc:date>2019-12-15T23:54:10+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://twitter.com/aresnick/status/1206336018410082305</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[“1. Unschooling’s greatest mistake was situating itself in the negative space of school.  It doesn’t have a coherent position on what learning is.

2. Because unschooling is reacting to school’s coercive structures, it has developed an overly naturalistic view of learning that’s about “getting out of the way” which idealizes youth, learning, and often glosses over the complexities of actually learning and working.

3. The future of unschooling is much more likely to be invented in the world of work than the world of school or unschooling.  And it probably won’t even be named as education per se for much of its infancy.

4. Mostly we talk about “learning” only to make sense of either (a) doing something inauthentic, or (b) being a novice.  At some point, you stop “learning” the guitar and start just getting better.  The most radical perspectives abandon treating learning as a distinct activity.

5. The most meaningful part of “unschooling” is the phase people go through in learning to learn and get things done without school-like structures.  Understanding why we go through that phase has much more to do with psychology than education and is woefully under-explored.

6. Education won’t see meaningful reform until the time and money associated with schooling is made available for invention and experimentation.  Unschooling, as long as it remains an “exit” strategy (in the AO Hirschman) sense, will never be instrumental to this.

7. One’s opinion about the relative decomposition of the premia which formal education earns people into human, network, and social/cultural capital is a far more important term in the mid-term future of school, learning, and unschooling than anyone’s pedagogy.

8. Education is a prematurely professionalized sector.  Basic standards of rigor, consistency, shared vocabulary, and similar which other professions take for granted don’t yet exist.  Unschooling has inherited and amplified this hubris as a reactionary position and community.

9. Human development is slow.  Experimentation requires longer time horizons than most investment vehicles permit.  To a first approximation, you can probably ignore research or reform efforts which don’t have built into their structure deep acknowledgment of this.

10. By framing its superiority in terms of rights, humane-ness, and ethics (as opposed to, e.g., efficacy), unschooling opts for the losing side of the political economy in conversations about the future of learning.  This is a harsh critique of both unschooling and education.

11. Unschooling hand-waves at the reasons school exists (e.g. “industrial revolution factory model”), but has failed to develop a coherent analysis of school’s robustness to change and staying power.  “What’s adaptive about school for whom?” is an underappreciated question.

12. School [and un-schooling] have much more to learn from kindergarten and the world of work than either appreciate.

13. It is a deep and important question why, for the most part, graduates from graduate schools of education (having nominally studied how people learn and grow), are not some of the most highly paid and sought after designers/managers in fields where knowledge work dominates.

14. A basic incoherence in discussions of unschooling, learning, and education, is that [mostly] people treat learning as a domain-independent activity.  Domain specificity of methods’ relevance/efficacy is ignored because of the political functions of discourse around learning.

15. The set of things people worry about learning is ~arbitrary, a minute sliver of what’s out there.  The process of identifying, creating curricula for, and developing educators to support learning a topic is so slow so as to make content-first reformers largely irrelevant.

16. Most discussions of learning wildly overindex on “fit” of topic-defined interest.  Learning and motivation are driven by the social and cultural contexts in which people find themselves.

17. When given the chance to focus on “cognitive” or “affective” factors in someone’s learning, returns are almost always higher emphasizing the affective.  We don’t yet have fundamental explanations for this, but it is a fact largely ignored by unschoolers and schoolers alike.

18. At most conferences, you hear about new ideas and new work.  Unschooling/alt-ed conferences are much more similar to a political caucus coming together around values.  Whether this is cause or effect, the intellectual stagnation has yet to even be identified by the sector.

19. Unschooling [and school] has never really grappled with the reality that choice amongst “education options” is better understood as choice among “insurance products” than “investment products”.  i.e. it is about raising the floor to which you can fall.

20. The timescale required to capture the long-term returns of human capital development mean that for all intents and purposes, only governments, churches, universities, and visionary billionaires will be in a position to meaningfully experiment with new K12 institutions.

21. Much of the work of unschooling has as little to do with school and learning as remediating an unhealthy relationship to body image has to do with the theory of nutrition.

22. One of the greatest unrecognized reform strategies is to leverage new, salient skills (e.g. programming) to create cover for new pedagogy.  Doing this in K12 requires inventive, intellectual work connecting these skills to all the disciplines for which school is responsible.

23. Dewey, Montessori, Reggio Emilia, Waldorf, etc.—the extent to which these have succeeded or not has ~nothing to do with their pedagogical efficacy.  It is a political/financial/cultural fact.  Efforts which do not have a historical analysis and story about this are unserious.

24. One of the most important [false] things you learn in school is that you learn by being taught.  In unschooling, many people never unlearn this, instead substituting other classes or courses for the classroom that’s now gone.

25. Many explain away counterfactuals about people who drop out/unschool/homeschool by pointing to privilege.  This is a fascinating datum.  If it were an honest point, then educators would be interested in the pedagogical and managerial insights of the upper-middle class family.

26. There are approximately as many people homeschooled as there are in charter schools.  “Charter school” is a design and governance mechanism.  As is “homeschooling”.  Talking about them as though they are pedagogies—e.g. “Does homeschooling work?”—is pure confusion.

27. Just as corporations have offered us new [often dark] visions of what the next nation states look like, so too will the first entities to figure out how to leverage tools like income share agreements to securitize human capital offer us new [maybe dark] visions of cities.

28. The bias to emphasize the cognitive in education leads people to vastly overestimate the power of remote technologies and experiences to transform learning.  If it is fundamentally social, much of it will be fundamentally local.

29. To the extent unschooling recognizes learning is a slow, social, high-touch, and therefore local process it has one up on every company tackling this space which aims to be the first in history to create a large-scale, high-touch organization anyone wants to join.

30. One of the most valuable skills those who unschool and support others who unschool develop is the ability to introduce people to a map of an intellectual territory without confusing exposure for attempted mastery.  Formal education could learn a great deal from this.

31. The most important ratio in the future of learning is the relative balance of dollars and minutes which go into (a) investigating how school works and could be improved, (b) investigating how “non-traditional” learning works, & (c) inventing new tools/approaches.

32.  Pick any organizational unit (company, lab group, whatever).  The first 100h of activity on-boarding a junior colleague to that group likely represents 1000h (8–10m full-time) of rigorous activity for a young person.  Unschooling should focus on organizing access to this.

33. One of the cleverest sleights of hand—whose provenance I’m still mystified by—is that we discuss learning’s future in terms of methods instead of entrants/products.  Learning is one of the most “execution-dependent” and “recipe-resistant” activities I can imagine.

34. Once you assume the moniker of “alternative”, you’ve lost the whole ball game.

35. Unschooling is really a battle against legibility.  Competing with school will mostly be about subverting or competing with its measures of legibility.  School’s measures are far less meaningful than most will admit.  In whose interest is it to improve them?

36. To the extent that unschooling (and school reform) must confront legibility, as work product becomes increasingly structured and digitized (e.g. Figma, GitHub, etc.) there is a growing opportunity to leverage passive process artifacts for analysis and evaluation.

37. Conversely, most attempts to leverage portfolios or similar dramatically underestimate the sensing bandwidth constraints they’re up against.  Last I checked, MIT spends an average of eleven (11) minutes evaluating a candidate.

38.  Unschooling rightly recognizes an opportunity to unbundle (often leveraging online and community resources).  Its efficacy requires knowing youth well (which dramatically increases CAC).  No one knows whether, including that, there’s any value to be unlocked by unbundling.

39. Many undertake alternative educational arrangements/endeavors prompted by their own children.  Though an authentic motive, it is not durable: Starting and growing the organization will outlive your kid’s needs.

40. A core challenge in organizing for educational change (in unschooling and elsewhere) is that your constituency (youth and families) are definitionally ephemeral.  Someone is only in middles school for three years.  The average urban superintendent is in office for ~3y.

41. One of the hardest rhetorical positions unschooling (and any reform) are forced to adopt is “doing less” than school.  School doesn’t do what it sets out to for many youth.  But, it controls the dialogue around new entrants and can hold them to that, unachieved standard.

42. In the analogy to environmentalism, if “unschooling” is “going off grid”, we are still in search of our Rachel Carson, our _Silent Spring_, our Learning Environment Protection Agency.  Without that, efficacy at the margin is irrelevant.

43. Continuing the environmental analogy: Unschooling would do well to find its Alice Waters https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice_Waters — What is its Chez Panisse?  What is the highest practice of it which is unimpeachable, even if it is upmarket and unreplicable?

44. The legal/political approaches which characterized the rise of homeschooling are underfunded and underexplored.  e.g. Whence families’ [and youth's] rights to free assembly?  Pursuing these requires meaningful alternatives, which is one function of

<blockquote>43. Continuing the environmental analogy: Unschooling would do well to find its Alice Waters https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice_Waters — What is its Chez Panisse?  What is the highest practice of it which is unimpeachable, even if it is upmarket and unreplicable?</blockquote>

45. Learning experiences involve tools/materials, learners, and facilitators.  We are limited by our tools and materials.  Many are designed for school.  Funding the creation of new tools and materials generally requires targeting schools as your customer.  This is unsolved.

46. An underappreciated question for theories of change which assume you can work forward from school as it exists: If culture eats strategy for breakfast, and if many of the fundamental, sector-wide issues in schooling are cultural, what form should your answer to that take?

47. A basic human capital challenge facing both unschooling and schooling: For youth to [learn to think critically, develop and pursue their own projects, whatever], they need to see people doing that.  How do you define adults’ role as _both_ facilitators and investigators?

48. One of the most exciting shifts now possible (given the nature of remote knowledge work) is the economic emancipation of youth aged 14–18.  Small steps toward this represent radical threats for traditional educational establishments.

49. A big strategic obstacle facing unschooling is that school can always shift internal structures to enable ongoing rent-seeking on your education.  So you should expect (as you see), more options for flexible “school” experiences which don’t threaten the institution overall.

50. Just as we have postmortems and sunsets of companies and their strategies, we need the same for educational thinkers and initiatives.  The arc of work by someone like John Holt can tell us a lot about the dangers and obstacles for reformers, these remain unarticulated.

51. Whatever your flavor of reform, one of the most valuable distinctions to make is between the political question of who should control youth’s experience how, and the technical question of how to support learning.  Incumbents benefit from their conflation.

52. In the near-term, unschooling will be a force for increased socioeconomic and racial stratification.  Whether it will be so in the long term is a question of institutions.  This makes unschooling’s failure to engage with institutional politics all the more serious.

53. One of the most radical exogenous events which could unfold for unschooling (and many of the caring professions) is the development of a UBI and UBI-like systems.

54. There are many reasons you see “alternatives” flourish in K5, to a lesser extent 6–8, and not at all in 9–12.  The proximity of social/economic realities of adulthood.  Without changing this, those constraints will always backpropagate through the ghost of high school future.

55. In searching for an alternative identity, unschooling groups have a lot to learn from other groups which are quite narrow but seen as broadly rigorous (Iowa Writers Workshop, MIT Media Lab, Harvard Law School).

56. One of the core things unschooling [often] gets right is a set of advantages taken for granted by every upper-middle class family: a small set of people who know you well, are invested in your success, and can responsively allocate resources on the behalf of your development.

57. Another conceptual challenge for unschooling: Conceptually, what is the difference between a great book and a great lecture?  How would you criticize a lecture without resorting to stereotypes of bad lectures?  Or coercive elements?

58. Oftentimes, it is hard or impossible to get interested in things which are not in your environment.  To the extent that unschooling focuses on the absence of structure, it also fails to grapple with the question of how to think about fertilizing youth’s soil.

[NB From this thread so far, it may sound like I'm just dumping on unschooling.  If so, this is merely the narcissism of small differences: I have so much hope for alternative approaches, I wish their proponents tackled these bigger questions more seriously and aggressively!]

59. One of the greatest opportunities facing various, self-selected communities of “alternative” education is to use their access to time with youth and adults as the foundation for an organization analogous to the Mayo Clinic or Media Lab or Xerox PARC.

60. One of the most radical requirements of taking unschooling seriously is defining a social life/role for youth distinct from their identity as students.  The dramatic expansion of the ease and possibility of this when you can be Very Online™️ is a tremendous opportunity.

61. One of the deeper things Seymour Papert ever said was that you can’t think about thinking without thinking about thinking about something.  Strategically, this suggests that unschooling might do better to tackle supremacy topic by topic, tool by tool.

62. Significant portions of unschooling and homeschooling are not about alternative pedagogies.  They are about avoiding toxic environments, securing needed special education services, and similar.

63. One of the beautiful things about the idea of “public” education is its availability to everyone.  Minority needs (special education, English Language Learners, etc.) play an outsized role in school bureaucracy.  Unschooling has ~ no answer to these questions currently.

64. One of the most important consequences of a constitutional guarantee of freedom of education would be to, over time, force the government to unbundle funding and services for these minority needs.

65. This is the most exciting/frustrating time to be alive if you’re interested in the future of learning.  The gap between novices and real, intellectual work is shrinking at an unprecedented rate.  There are lifetimes of work to be had mining the progress of the past decade.

66. Early College High School is a model for what rent-seeking will look like as alternatives push their way into school: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_college_high_school Its insight and reform is literally _send youth to less high school_.  And they managed to get high schools to own it!

67. [For the wealthy,] the equivalent on the consumer side will look increasingly like the relationship between, say, Stanford and YC.  Consumers will secure intangible cultural capital through institutional affiliation, and someone else will take on human capital.

68. Some branding alternatives for unschooling (if it is really about self-directed learning and removing school’s structures): PhD, MFA, apprenticeship, football team, contemplative practice.  All of these have less brand liability than unschooling.  Why stick with it?

69. One of the scariest suspicions of my own beliefs (as they align with unschooling) is that perhaps our relationship to institutions is just as fundamental, immovable, and worth just working forward from as our relationship to any other tribe.

70. Self-direction is powerful.  It leaves largely unanswered questions of critique and quality.  To the extent excellence emerges from environments of intense critique and aspirations to excellence, neither school nor unschooling have coherent answers to this cultural question.

71. One of the most powerful corollaries of erasing the line between learning/living is that you realize that novices are often doing the same _kind_ of intellectual work as professionals, just less effectively.  Unschooling should leverage this opportunity for apprenticeship.

72. The biggest problem in unschooling is access to time with youth + money to spend it well.  The second biggest is access to adults who can create intellectually rich/rigorous environments for youth.  The third biggest is access to great tools and materials to support work.

73. A common question in confronting unschooling and similar is, “But what if they [don't want to, are bored, don't know what they're interested in, etc.]?”  One of unschooling’s great integrities is pointing out that school has approximately no answer to this question either.

74. A categorical question unschooling must answer if it is to ever become mainstream: Left to their own devices, under what conditions can/should a young person be able to choose an “inferior” educational product or experience?  Technocrats will say “None”, purists “Any”.

75. Every educational innovation is “experimenting” on youth, nearly nothing is validated with anything approaching the rigor or seriousness that you expect of any other good or service in the public sector.

76. One of the biggest reasons this is not a problem in practice is because youth are remarkably robust.  This is as an advantage of this sector’s!  Very little of what systems do or don’t has an outsized effect.  Class remains the strongest predictor. [referencing 74]

77. People’s concerns about the “socialization” of unschooled youth are disconnected from reality.  One of the best things unschooling could do would be to cement its position as often a socially and emotionally healthier pathway to reframe its work as a public health issue.

78. This is a photograph from the original Sudbury Valley School a few years ago.  https://sudburyvalley.org It is the rules for operating the microwave.  Democratic/free-schools make the same mistake as those suggesting that everyone need to re-discover calculus for themselves.

79. In contrast, this is a photograph from a Boston Public School.  Plenty of people choose unschooling or free schooling or democratic schooling over public school because of nothing other than what the semiotics of this juxtaposition imply. [compared to 78]

80. Neither schooling nor unschooling will play a significant role in the liberal goals of equalizing society.  School will always play handmaiden to the structure of labor and capital.  The most radical efforts look for ways to leverage this fact.

81. Understandably, unschooling is full of people with a fraught relationship to school.  Many in school look down on them (either irrelevant bc they are wealthy or irrelevant bc they secretly think failure in school makes you a failure).  This is a serious strategic challenge.

82. In my lifetime, ~free college will become a reality in the United States.  This will be an enormous opportunity for those interested in unschooling.  They will not take this opportunity; industry will.  And so industry will define the future of “alternative” education.

83. One of the most persistent sociological effects in education research is that poor youth define “good” students by obedience/work ethic while rich do so by creativity/intelligence.  Changing this is one of the most politically radical projects unschooling could tackle.

84. Structure is not coercion.  Just because something is hard does not mean it is rigorous.  Just because something isn’t fun doesn’t mean its coercive.  These distinctions matter, and both school and unschooling confuse them to no end.

85. As unhealthy as they can be, one of the better facets of, say, hustle culture or creative self-help is the embrace of meaningful work + fulfillment as hard + challenging.  Progressive education (incl. unschooling) must get beyond handwaving about how to support this well.

86. The first thing people did w/ the movie camera was make films of plays.  We’ve made online, distributed classes.  Unschooling could be a *small* market for those exploring meaningful, creative applications of technology with youth.  But it won’t be VC scale in the next 20y.

87. Nintendo spends more on R&D than the NSF spends on education research each year.  These alternative sources of capital are long frustrated with the irrelevance of their results to traditional school.  Unschooling, homeschooling, and similar could be real partners for them.

88. Graduate schools of education don’t investigate homeschooling and unschooling (or better yet, run their own educational environments) because (a) their clientele are traditional schools, and (b) they cannot afford the brand risk of failing.  Business model is destiny.

89. One of the signs of a healthy professional and intellectual community is self-critique and reflection.  I may not be in the community enough to know, but as a small, alternative perspective, unschooling has yet to muster this capacity.

90. At some point, industries w/ a surplus of inbound talent will take the already nearly-formalized structure of tech internships to their logical conclusion and begin charging tuition.  One of the best things unschooling could do is offer case management around these paths.

91. One of the silliest illusions education reformers (including unschooling) labors under is that improved results will persuade the system to do anything.

92. In many other domains, 10x improvement is possible.  In education, 10x improvement is ~ impossible on time or cost for reasons of human development.  This has serious ramifications for the challenges of organizational change, theory of change, funding innovation, and similar.

93. Something unschooling gets right is that it frames its work as a movement and school of thought.  Too much change these days is framed in terms of individual entrants, products, and technologies.  The staying power of incumbents requires institutional time scales.

94. Something unschooling gets wrong, having gotten its timescales right, is its complete lack of any [critical] sense of history.  There are no consensus explanations for the arc of unschooling’s success or lack thereof.  This is a crazy situation for a reform movement.

95. The @recursecenter is one of the most serious and thoughtful efforts in (influenced by?) unschooling I know of.  As practitioners, they have more to say about the practicalities of these issues than 90% of the people I meet.

96. Unschooling has many unknown allies in other disciplines and domains.  The refusal, by and large, to engage the academy or its output means there are significant, low-hanging fruit to seize to bring to unschooling.  This will require making epistemology and psychology allies.

97. Much as great management and communication is often the limiting reagent on a team, great management and mentorship is often the limiting reagent in human development.  Pedagogy has nearly no language for this.  Most differences in efficacy therefore go unexplained.

98. From the POV of theory of change, one of the most challenging aspects of beginning work w/ marginal communities is that you actually bolster and improve the position of the incumbent.  “Disruptive” innovation moving upmarket requires feedback loops which don’t exist.

99. Confidence is socially constructed, and represents a significant part of what forms the cultural capital of top tier schools and similar.  Unschooling would do well to establish and build counter-narratives around artifacts like this https://youtube.com/watch?v=Ng5qzH39nyg

100. Despite all of these challenges, I believe that inventing the future of learning is among the most exciting and impactful work anyone can do.  It beats the constraints of industry and artifice of the academy.  Unschooling would do well to leverage this to attract talent.

OK that’s 100.  I have no original ideas.  If you found anything in this thread interesting, please take the time to review, in detail, the work of thinkers like Holt, Papert, and Dewey.  None have the answer, but they and others have done incredible work on these questions.

For those interested, a few starting points:

Dewey’s “My Pedagogic Creed” http://dewey.pragmatism.org/creed.htm

Papert’s _Mindstorms_ http://mindstorms.media.mit.edu

Illich’s Deschooling Society http://davidtinapple.com/illich/1970_deschooling.html

Holt’s How Children {Learn; Fail} https://amazon.com/dp/B074MGJ457 https://amazon.com/dp/0201484021

Please feel free to DM me or reach out to alec@powderhouse.org if you’d like to chat about any of this!

Thanks @vgr for the prompt!“]]></description>
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    <title>Christi Belcourt on Twitter: &quot;Education in schools is not the only form of education. The land has been my teacher for 25 years. I will never graduate and will always be an apprentice to her. The animals educate. The stars educate. Not everything can be t</title>
    <dc:date>2018-10-14T19:43:22+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://twitter.com/christibelcourt/status/1051461306320998400</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Education in schools is not the only form of education. The land has been my teacher for 25 years. I will never graduate and will always be an apprentice to her. The animals educate. The stars educate. Not everything can be taught in a brick box. Not everything should be.
‏
Education from and on the land is needed for children. We need the next generation to be free thinkers. Unintentionally, the structures within the current education system are contributing in assimilating all children into a form of thinking that teaches them to conform.

Education in schools is affecting Indigenous nations. It’s not all positive. Hardly any of our kids knows the lands like the back of their hands any more. Hardly any knows animal traditional laws, protocols. Hardly any can survive on the land. And almost all are taught in English

Without intending it, by sending ALL our children to school, we are creating a society of dependence. Because unable to survive on the land means a dependence on goods and services. It also means a continued decline in our languages as the day is spent in English.

Even communities once entirely fluent not long ago are noticing their young people conversing in English. I was just in a community where the teenagers were fluent. But pre-teens weren’t. How can communities compete w/ English when their children are emmersed in it all day?

I don’t want to offend educators. Educators are some of the most selfless and kind people I’ve met. They go above and beyond for kids every day. My observations are about some of the long term boarder effects re: institution of education and its detrimental effects on our nations

The late Elder Wilfred Peltier once wrote that the education system harms children in a few ways. He was speaking specifically about Indigenous kids but his thoughts could be applied to all I suppose. He said it sets kids up with a skewed sense of self. (Con’t)

Elder Wilfred Peltier said children are taught early in school to be graded. He said the harm isn’t only in the child who gets low grades and is made to feel less than. The worse harm is to kids who get higher grades and are made to feel better than others.

He also said the structure of the classroom is problematic. It implies the teacher knows everything and the student knows nothing. In Indigenous communities we talk about how children are teachers and each one has unique gifts. But schools don’t nurture those gifts.

A child might be gifted in reading the stars or knowing traditional medicines. Schools eliminate that as a possibility to be apprenticed in those things. And they take up so much time in a child’s life there is no time left over for language and apprenticing in their gifts.

We will need scientists and people who have gone through school. But we also need medicine apprentices, land knowledge, language keepers and star readers. We need experts of the lakes and animals. This come from apprentiships w/ kokums and moshoms. It comes from the land itself.

In this time of climate change the world needs Indigenous knowledge more than ever. It’s in our lands and langusges. It can’t come from school. So we have to question this. And really look at it to suss out the good and the bad in a non emotional and non judgemental way.

Is there a way to have half of all Indigenous kids apprenticed full time with kokums or moshoms in land/water based education? Is there a way to identify what gifts kids will have early on and give them the life long training to nurture those gifts?

My concluding thought is the tendency will be towards “improving” or “fixing” schools to allow for more Indigenous languages or teachings etc without fundamentally changing anything. My point is the kind of education I’m talking about cannot be within the school system."]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="https://harpers.org/archive/2015/04/abolish-high-school/">
    <title>[Easy Chair] | Abolish High School, by Rebecca Solnit | Harper's Magazine</title>
    <dc:date>2018-06-10T19:18:41+00:00</dc:date>
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    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["I didn’t go to high school. This I think of as one of my proudest accomplishments and one of my greatest escapes, because everyone who grows up in the United States goes to high school. It’s such an inevitable experience that people often mishear me and think I dropped out.

I was a withdrawn, bookish kid all through elementary school, but the difficulty of being a misfit intensified when I started seventh grade. As I left campus at the end of my first day, people shouted insults that ensured I knew my clothes didn’t cut it. Then there was P.E., where I had to don a horrendous turquoise-striped polyester garment that looked like a baby’s onesie and follow orders to run or jump or play ball — which is hard to do when you’re deeply withdrawn — after which I had to get naked, in all my late-bloomer puniness, and take showers in front of strangers. In science class we were graded on crafting notebooks with many colors of pen; in home economics, which was only for girls — boys had shop — we learned to make a new kind of cake by combining pudding mix with cake mix; even in English class I can remember reading only one book: Dickens’s flattest novel, Hard Times. At least the old history teacher in the plaid mohair sweaters let me doze in the front row, so long as I knew the answers when asked.

In junior high, everything became a little more dangerous. Most of my peers seemed to be learning the elaborate dance between the sexes, sometimes literally, at school dances I never dreamed of attending, or in the form of the routines through which girls with pompoms ritually celebrated boys whose own role in that rite consisted of slamming into one another on the field.

I skipped my last year of traditional junior high school, detouring for ninth and tenth grade into a newly created alternative junior high. (The existing alternative high school only took eleventh and twelfth graders.) The district used this new school as a dumping ground for its most insubordinate kids, so I shared two adjoining classrooms with hard-partying teenage girls who dated adult drug dealers, boys who reeked of pot smoke, and other misfits like me. The wild kids impressed me because, unlike the timorous high achievers I’d often been grouped with at the mainstream school, they seemed fearless and free, skeptical about the systems around them.

There were only a few dozen students, and the adults treated us like colleagues. There was friendship and mild scorn but little cruelty, nothing that pitted us against one another or humiliated us, no violence, no clearly inculcated hierarchy. I didn’t gain much conventional knowledge, but I read voraciously and had good conversations. You can learn a lot that way. Besides, I hadn’t been gaining much in regular school either.

I was ravenous to learn. I’d waited for years for a proper chance at it, and the high school in my town didn’t seem like a place where I was going to get it. I passed the G.E.D. test at fifteen, started community college the following fall, and transferred after two semesters to a four-year college, where I began, at last, to get an education commensurate with my appetite.

What was it, I sometimes wonder, that I was supposed to have learned in the years of high school that I avoided? High school is often considered a definitive American experience, in two senses: an experience that nearly everyone shares, and one that can define who you are, for better or worse, for the rest of your life. I’m grateful I escaped the particular definition that high school would have imposed on me, and I wish everyone else who suffered could have escaped it, too.

For a long time I’ve thought that high school should be abolished. I don’t mean that people in their teens should not be educated at public expense. The question is what they are educated in. An abolitionist proposal should begin by acknowledging all the excellent schools and teachers and educations out there; the people who have a pleasant, useful time in high school; and the changes being wrought in the nature of secondary education today. It should also recognize the tremendous variety of schools, including charter and magnet schools in the public system and the private schools — religious, single-sex, military, and prep — that about 10 percent of American students attend, in which the values and pedagogical systems may be radically different. But despite the caveats and anomalies, the good schools and the students who thrive (or at least survive), high school is hell for too many Americans. If this is so, I wonder why people should be automatically consigned to it.

In 2010, Dan Savage began the It Gets Better Project, which has gathered and posted video testimonials from gay and lesbian adults and queer-positive supporters (tens of thousands of them, eventually, including professional sports stars and the president) to address the rash of suicides by young queer people. The testimonials reassure teenagers that there is life after high school, that before long they’ll be able to be who they are without persecution — able to find love, able to live with dignity, and able to get through each day without facing intense harassment. It’s a worthy project, but it implicitly accepts that non-straight kids must spend their formative years passing through a homophobic gauntlet before arriving at a less hostile adult world. Why should they have to wait?

Suicide is the third leading cause of death for teens, responsible for some 4,600 deaths per year. Federal studies report that for every suicide there are at least a hundred attempts — nearly half a million a year. Eight percent of high school students have attempted to kill themselves, and 16 percent have considered trying. That’s a lot of people crying out for something to change.

We tend to think that adolescence is inherently ridden with angst, but much of the misery comes from the cruelty of one’s peers. Twenty-eight percent of public school students and 21 percent of private school students report being bullied, and though inner-city kids are routinely portrayed in the press as menaces, the highest levels of bullying are reported among white kids and in nonurban areas. Victims of bullying are, according to a Yale study, somewhere between two and nine times more likely to attempt suicide. Why should children be confined to institutions in which these experiences are so common?

Antibullying programs have proliferated to such an extent that even the Southern Poverty Law Center has gotten involved, as though high school had joined its list of hate groups. An educational video produced by the S.P.L.C. focuses on the case of Jamie Nabozny, who successfully sued the administrators of his small-town Wisconsin school district for doing nothing to stop — and sometimes even blaming him for — the years of persecution he had suffered, including an attack that ruptured his spleen. As Catherine A. Lugg, an education scholar specializing in public school issues, later wrote, “The Nabozny case clearly illustrates the public school’s historic power as the enforcer of expected norms regarding gender, heteronormativity, and homophobia.”

I once heard Helena Norberg-Hodge, an economic analyst and linguist who studies the impact of globalization on nonindustrialized societies, say that generational segregation was one of the worst kinds of segregation in the United States. The remark made a lasting impression: that segregation was what I escaped all those years ago. My first friends were much older than I was, and then a little older; these days they are all ages. We think it’s natural to sort children into single-year age cohorts and then process them like Fords on an assembly line, but that may be a reflection of the industrialization that long ago sent parents to work away from their children for several hours every day.

Since the 1970s, Norberg-Hodge has been visiting the northern Indian region of Ladakh. When she first arrived such age segregation was unknown there. “Now children are split into different age groups at school,” Norberg-Hodge has written. “This sort of leveling has a very destructive effect. By artificially creating social units in which everyone is the same age, the ability of children to help and to learn from each other is greatly reduced.” Such units automatically create the conditions for competition, pressuring children to be as good as their peers. “In a group of ten children of quite different ages,” Norberg-Hodge argues, “there will naturally be much more cooperation than in a group of ten twelve-year-olds.”

When you are a teenager, your peers judge you by exacting and narrow criteria. But those going through the same life experiences at the same time often have little to teach one another about life. Most of us are safer in our youth in mixed-age groups, and the more time we spend outside our age cohort, the broader our sense of self. It’s not just that adults and children are good for adolescents. The reverse is also true. The freshness, inquisitiveness, and fierce idealism of a wide-awake teenager can be exhilarating, just as the stony apathy of a shut-down teenager can be dismal.

A teenager can act very differently outside his or her peer group than inside it. A large majority of hate crimes and gang rapes are committed by groups of boys and young men, and studies suggest that the perpetrators are more concerned with impressing one another and conforming to their group’s codes than with actual hatred toward outsiders. Attempts to address this issue usually focus on changing the social values to which such groups adhere, but dispersing or diluting these groups seems worth consideration, too.

High school in America is too often a place where one learns to conform or take punishment — and conformity is itself a kind of punishment, one that can flatten out your soul or estrange you from it.

High school, particularly the suburban and small-town varieties, can seem a parade of clichés, so much so that it’s easy to believe that jockocracies (a term used to describe Columbine High School at the time of the 1999 massacre), girls’ rivalries, punitive regimes of conformity and so forth, are anachronistic or unreal, the stuff of bad movies. Then another story reminds us that people are still imprisoned in these clichés. The day I write this, news comes that, yet again, high school football players have been charged with raping a fellow student. This time it’s five boys in Florida. In a 2012 sexual-assault case in Steubenville, Ohio, one of the football players accused of the crime texted a friend that he wasn’t worried about the consequences because his football coach “took care of it.” The victim received death threats for daring to speak up against popular boys, as did a fourteen-year-old in Missouri named Daisy Coleman, who, in the same year, reported being raped by a popular football player named Matt who was three years her senior.

Coleman, who has attempted suicide multiple times, wrote:

<blockquote>When I went to a dance competition I saw a girl there who was wearing a T-shirt she made. It read: matt 1, daisy 0. Matt’s family was very powerful in the state of Missouri and he was also a very popular football player in my town, but I still couldn’t believe it when I was told the charges were dropped. Everyone had told us how strong the case was — including a cell phone video of the rape which showed me incoherent. All records have been sealed in the case, and I was told the video wasn’t found. My brother told me it was passed around school.</blockquote>

I wonder what pieces we’d have to pull away to demolish the system that worked so hard to destroy Coleman.

But abolishing high school would not just benefit those who are at the bottom of its hierarchies. Part of the shared legacy of high school is bemused stories about people who were treated as demigods at seventeen and never recovered. A doctor I hang out with tells me that former classmates who were more socially successful in high school than he was seem baffled that he, a quiet youth who made little impression, could be more professionally successful, as though the qualities that made them popular should have effortlessly floated them through life. It’s easy to laugh, but there is a real human cost. What happens to people who are taught to believe in a teenage greatness that is based on achievements unlikely to matter in later life?

Abolishing high school could mean many things. It could mean compressing the time teenagers have to sort out their hierarchies and pillory outsiders, by turning schools into minimalist places in which people only study and learn. All the elaborate rites of dances and games could take place under other auspices. (Many Europeans and Asians I’ve spoken to went to classes each day and then left school to do other things with other people, forgoing the elaborate excess of extracurricular activities that is found at American schools.) It could mean schools in which age segregation is not so strict, where a twelve-year-old might mentor a seven-year-old and be mentored by a seventeen-year-old; schools in which internships, apprenticeships, and other programs would let older students transition into the adult world before senior year. (Again, there are plenty of precedents from around the world.)

Or it could mean something yet unimagined. I’ve learned from doctors that you don’t have to have a cure before you make a diagnosis. Talk of abolishing high school is just my way of wondering whether so many teenagers have to suffer so much. How much of that suffering is built into a system that is, however ubiquitous, not inevitable? “Every time I drive past a high school, I can feel the oppression. I can feel all those trapped souls who just want to be outside,” a woman recalling her own experience wrote to me recently. “I always say aloud, ‘You poor souls.’ ”"]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.davidcayley.com/podcasts/2016/11/12/the-education-debates-part-seven">
    <title>The Education Debates Part Seven — davidcayley.com</title>
    <dc:date>2017-05-21T21:13:51+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.davidcayley.com/podcasts/2016/11/12/the-education-debates-part-seven</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Deschooling Society: Paul Goodman, Ivan Illich, John Holt"]]></description>
<dc:subject>neilpostman johnholt ivanillich unschooling deschooling education highered highereducation schools schooling schooliness teaching learning howwelearn stimulation motivation intrinsicmotivation curiosity freedom choice scholarship highschool colleges universities prerequisites relevance training apprenticeships donaldhoyt grades grading success libraries ritual rituals quantification process consumerism scarcity inequality puertorico literacy functionalliteracy labor work ivarberg teens youth generosity kindness compassion concern socialjustice dignity competence self-worth children childhood compulsory privilege</dc:subject>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.gensleron.com/cities/2016/12/15/learning-ecologies-can-the-city-be-our-classroom.html">
    <title>Learning Ecologies: Can the City Be Our Classroom? - Urban Planning and Design - architecture and design</title>
    <dc:date>2017-01-09T01:09:07+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.gensleron.com/cities/2016/12/15/learning-ecologies-can-the-city-be-our-classroom.html</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Over the past few months, Gensler San Francisco’s EDU 2.0 group, a cohort of emerging designers, strategists and leaders in the Education practice area, hosted a series of three roundtable discussions around the experiential learning trend and what it means for educational institutions and cities.

Project-based approaches to teaching have been disrupting the educational landscape for several years and many institutions have fully embraced experience-based curriculum; however, the built-environment has not kept up. This approach requires environments that encourage both self-guided and group learning, provide maker spaces and allow students to personalize their educational experience. Participants in the roundtable discussions included thought leaders and innovators from elementary education, high school, university and cultural institutions, as well as organizations involved in education for all ages. While our conversations varied due to the diverse participants, our question for all of the discussions was the same:

In a world where resources for learners are pervasive and abundant, where institutions may no longer play the role of primary purveyors of information, and abilities may be represented in ways different from the traditional diploma, what role will the institution of education play?

Commentary from some of our roundtable participants included:

• “We’re striving to build a university as it should be, not how it may have accidentally evolved over a hundred years.” –Mike Wang, Minerva Schools

• “I’m going out and using a series of experiences and apprenticeships to create a new form of higher education.” –Dane Johnson, Experience Institute

• “What could it look like if you designed a school rooted in equity and innovation and its goal was to bring disparate groups together?” –David Clifford, Design School X, Stanford d.School

• “At CCA we remake our physical environment…and our curriculum constantly in a way that is incredibly agile and it benefits the students.” –Mara Hancock, CCA

Through these conversations we identified the following trends on the horizon that not only apply to educational projects, but also retail, cultural and civic work:

• Curators of Experience: Learner-Centric Education
The goal of this kind of education is not to impart information nor to create experts, but to allow the students to learn how to identify questions, themes and problems.

• Community
For campus-less institutions and legacy institutions alike, place, identity and community remain important.

• Irresistible Places
Our most impactful memories of school often surround these special, irresistible places; a corner of a library or the place where you ate lunch with your friends. These places encourage and enable memorable learning experiences.

• Technology is a Tool, Not a Solution
Information delivered online in a vacuum, unrelated to real-world experience, is difficult to internalize and doesn’t feel relevant to the student.

• In Defense of the University
When we demand that learning be unencumbered by reaching a specific goal, a learner has the opportunity for free intellectual exploration.

• Tinkering
This educational practice includes the importance of play and prototyping within a context of experiential learning.

• Beyond the Report Card
Badging, sharing a digital portfolio, a deep network of collaborators and one’s ability to tell one’s story are more important to many employers than the conventional GPA.

• Intergenerational Learning
Age and experience level are not always the indicator of the role of educator.

• Scale It Up
Traditional educational systems can learn from innovative charter schools, cultural institutions and private schools to provide the best opportunities for all students.

The full list of trends explained in more details can be found here. [http://www.gensler.com/uploads/document/515/file/Learning-Ecologies_Gensler.pdf ]" ]]></description>
<dc:subject>lindseyfeola schooldesign sfsh cityasclassroom schools age experience education tinkering technology community learning howwelearn mikewang danejohnson davidclifford marahancock curriculum lcproject openstudioproject apprenticeships mentoring cca experientiallearning experientialeducationcities urban urbanism</dc:subject>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.millenniumschool.org/">
    <title>Millennium School</title>
    <dc:date>2016-02-13T19:47:12+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.millenniumschool.org/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["We believe in a broader definition of success.

Middle school can be more than a place to gain knowledge. It's also a place to build the skills and mindsets for a happy, purposeful life. We're designing a new model, based on developmental science, to realize the personal and academic potential of middle school in San Francisco.

Millennium School is an independent middle school, opening in San Francisco with a 6th grade class in September 2016. Our premise is that middle school should have both stronger academics - using Socratic seminars and project-based, real-world learning - and a stronger focus on developing the habits and mindsets that lead to happy, meaningful, purposeful lives as adults. We're working with leading educators, adolescent development experts, and parents and students to design a school model that can realize the potential of the middle school years.

Purpose
 
Millennium School is designed specifically for early adolescents, based on developmental science.

A Developmental Approach

Developmental science points to three essential elements for a healthy passage through middle school. These are powerful for two reasons: they support healthy personal development, and they create the platform for advanced academics.

1. Safe Social Environment. Middle school is the most socially-influenced time of our lives. Peers become more influential than parents. A positive, safe social environment at school is essential for healthy development.
 
2. Connection to the Real World. As students begin adolescence, they want greater autonomy and are highly curious about real-world applications of school learning. Their academic motivation depends on a sense of relevance.
 
3. Tools to Understand Yourself. At this age, students' inner lives are becoming rich and complex, with new emotions and self-awareness. If these capacities are actively developed, students build the "non-cognitive skills" - mindfulness, emotional intelligence, resilience, and others – that research shows correlate with long-term success more than any other factor.

To say it more simply: it's a time when adolescents are answering three key questions. Who am I? How do I relate to others? What will I contribute to the world? Our educational model supports adolescents in developing compelling, unique answers to these three questions. 

How

The foundation for success in middle school is a safe, compassionate social environment. Millennium will have a total enrollment of 100 students in grades 6-8, based on research defining this as a group large enough to be dynamic, but small enough that each student knows every other, and can feel safe and trusted as they figure out answers to their core questions. 

Academically, middle school students are ready for advanced and challenging studies. The right environment and coaching, with methods that make academics more engaging and connected to the real world, are essential. We focus on three core methods:

• Socratic seminars in groups of 12 offer an intensive academic experience, with a layer of social and emotional learning as students discover how to carry on an authentic, intellectual discussion.
 
• Project-based learning engages students in a team and in work with real-world applications, whether in a "maker" project to build a robot, or a service project designed to change a dangerous intersection in the community through organizing and advocacy. 
 
• Apprenticeships connect students to the dynamic workplaces of the Bay Area, where they see knowledge applied and generated, and learn entrepreneurship and other skills.

Throughout, themes of mindfulness and emotional intelligence are embedded, developing the core skills that students will apply to find a successful path in high school and beyond."

…

"Why: Our Academic Philosophy

Middle school is a time of immense potential, when students have the opportunity to discover their gifts, develop social and emotional intelligence, evolve intellectually and physically, and form an authentic sense of self. To tap into this potential, we believe the academic program must be based in developmental science – understanding what middle schoolers are ready for psychologically and neurologically – then working with those motivations.

This developmental approach points to three core motivators for middle school students. Students at this age engage with learning when it is personal – teaching them about themselves, challenging them where they are – social – offering interaction with peers and building social intelligence – and relevant – connected to real-life problems and applications where the value of their work is clear. When learning is presented in this way, middle school students are ready for advanced academic study, and will often surprise adults with their depth of engagement in projects, seminars, and other courses. 

What does this look like in practice?

Imagine a project where students address a real-life issue: the historic drought in California. They could explore what this means in terms of their own lifestyle and preferences – how much water do they use, how much do they really need? A team of students designs a project to investigate why California uses so much water, the science of the drought, and the way it affects people differently. This group of students interviews Bay Area farmers one day, and adults in downtown San Francisco the next, learning how to connect with adults from many backgrounds, asking them about their experience of the drought. They then craft science-based recommendations for how to reduce water usage, and draft letters explaining them in ways that each group will find compelling. 

In forming our curriculum, we believe in three pillars of progressive education: academics that are interdisciplinary, emergent, and focused on deeper learning.

Interdisciplinary Learning
At the heart of our curriculum is a commitment to interdisciplinary learning. Traditional academics often creates “silos” in which students experience content in a way that does not reflect reality: math only in this period, communication skills only in this period, etc. At Millennium, our measure of academic success is not only an excellent set of skills and content knowledge, but the ability to apply those skills in complex, real-world situations. To do that, learning must be interdisciplinary. A project might focus on earthquakes, for example – students read stories of real-life experiences in earthquakes, developing empathy and insight, and then use their math and science skills to design seismically resilient buildings. 

Emergent
The more “choice and voice” students have in their projects, the greater their motivation and engagement. During middle school in particular, if learning is overly controlled by a detailed, purely adult-set agenda, many students will disengage and lose their intellectual curiosity and inner motivation to learn. Instead, we believe in the principle of emergent learning, in which our faculty watch closely for emerging interests from students, designing projects and courses as much as possible around these interests, and providing ample opportunity for students to propose projects. This work depends on real mastery in teaching, as faculty balance meeting our academic goals while offering learning pathways that draw upon students’ personal interests. 

Deeper Learning
Deeper Learning refers to the skills, habits of mind, and development of multiple types of intelligence – social, emotional, creative, and others – which together form our capacity to learn, grow, and succeed in the world. This includes areas ranging from mindfulness and social-emotional intelligence to concentration skills and time management. These skills and capacities are the most important learning we can offer our students, and correlate far more with long-term success and happiness in life than traditional academic content knowledge alone."

[See also: http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Kids-have-their-say-in-design-of-new-SoMa-middle-6459849.php#photo-8508549 ]]]></description>
<dc:subject>schools sanfrancisco education teaching learning emergentcurriculum curriculum interdisciplinary projectbasedlearning apprenticeships</dc:subject>
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<item rdf:about="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/answer-sheet/wp/2015/11/03/a-venture-capitalist-searches-for-the-purpose-of-school-heres-what-he-found/?postshare=311446741735958">
    <title>A venture capitalist searches for the purpose of school. Here’s what he found. - The Washington Post</title>
    <dc:date>2015-12-06T22:05:29+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/answer-sheet/wp/2015/11/03/a-venture-capitalist-searches-for-the-purpose-of-school-heres-what-he-found/?postshare=311446741735958</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[[Alt URL: https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/answer-sheet/wp/2015/11/03/a-venture-capitalist-searches-for-the-purpose-of-school-heres-what-he-found/ ]

"I was now fully consumed with this cause. I stepped up my pace, criss-crossing the country to visit schools and gain perspective. I was in hot pursuit of the right answer to the question: “What is the purpose of school?” Everywhere I looked — mission statements, meetings with school leaders, websites — I’d find sensible, even inspiring, purposes:

• teach students cognitive and social skills
• teach students to think
• build character and soul
• help students in a process of self-discovery
• prepare students to be responsible, contributing citizens
• inspire students through the study of humanity’s great works
• prepare students for productive careers

I probed educators on these alternatives, trying to determine the purpose of school, as though answering an SAT question. But I gradually came to realize that this choice was poorly framed. For starters, each of these goals have merit. If some classrooms prepare students for productive careers, and others prioritize on character development, that’s a good thing. And shouldn’t we celebrate an educator who accomplishes one of these goals — not snipe over whether an alternative purpose is superior?

But what came across loud and clear in my journeys is that schools don’t have the luxury of striving for any meaningful purpose. We’ve somehow imposed a system on our educators that requires them to:

• cover volumes of bureaucratically-prescribed content
• boost scores on increasingly-pervasive standardized tests
• get kids through this year’s vacuous hoops to prepare for next year’s vacuous hoops
• produce acceptable graduation rates and college placements
• deal with parents who are either obsessive micro-managers or missing in action.

How did we get here? A deep dive into the history of education helped me appreciate that our school model was brilliantly designed. Over a century ago. In 1893, Charles Eliot of Harvard and the Committee of Ten anticipated a surge of manufacturing jobs as our country moved beyond agriculture. They re-imagined the U.S. education model, ushering in a factory school model to replace the one-room school house. This path-breaking system of universal public education trained students to perform rote tasks rapidly without errors or creative variation — perfect for assembly-line jobs. The system worked spectacularly, a robust middle class emerged, and America became the world’s most powerful country.

Somewhat incredibly, we still utilize this covered-wagon-era education model. Warning signs about its faltering effectiveness go back for decades. In 1983, the blue-ribbon  report titled “A Nation At Risk” concluded that if our education system had been imposed on us by a foreign country, we’d declare it an act of war. Yet instead of reinventing the model (as the Committee of Ten did in 1893), we chose to muddle along with short-term, often counter-productive, tweaks. Teachers and students described to me endless additions to content, baffling new standards, and relentless high-stakes standardized tests of low-level cognitive skills. Our nation is hellbent on catching Singapore and South Korea on test scores — a goal those very countries have concluded is nonsensical.   We’re betting millions of futures on No Child Left Behind and Race to the Top — our twin orbiting black holes of education — with annual reports on par with the season run-down for the Washington Generals.

And how much are our kids really learning? If there’s one thing I learned, it’s that they’re not learning. Practically anything.

In my travels, I visited the Lawrenceville School, rated as one of the very best high schools in the United States. To its credit, Lawrenceville conducted a fascinating experiment a decade ago. After summer vacation, returning students retook the final exams they had completed in June for their science courses. Actually, they retook simplified versions of these exams, after faculty removed low-level “forgettable” questions The results were stunning. The average grade in June was a B+ (87 percent). When the simplified test was taken in September, the average grade plummeted to an F (58 percent). Not one student retained mastery of all key concepts they appear to have learned in June. The obvious question: if what was “learned” vanishes so quickly, was anything learned in the first place?

The holy grail in our high schools is the Advanced Placement (AP) track. Pioneered 50 years ago by elite private schools to demonstrate the superior student progress, AP courses now pervade mainstream public schools. Over and over, well-intentioned people call for improving U.S. education by getting more of our kids — especially in poor communities — into AP courses. But do our kids learn in AP courses? In an experiment conducted by Dartmouth College, entering students with a 5 on their AP Psychology exam took the final exam from the college’s introductory Psych course. A pitiful 10 percent passed. Worse, when the AP superstars did enroll in intro Psych, they performed no better than classmates with no prior coursework in the subject area. It’s as though the AP students had learned nothing about psychology. And that’s the point.

Along the way, I met Eric Mazur, Area Dean for Applied Physics at Harvard University, and was surprised to discover that many of our country’s most innovative ideas about education come from this one physics professor. Over a decade ago, Eric realized that even his top students (800 on SAT’s, 5 on AP Physics, A in first-year Physics at Harvard) were learning almost no real science. When asked simple questions about how the world works (e.g., what’s the flight path of a pallet of bricks dropped from the cargo hatch of a plane flying overhead?), their responses were little better than guessing. He abandoned his traditional course format (centered on memorizing formulas and definitions), and re-invented his classroom experience. His students debate each other in engaged Socratic discussion, collaborate and critique, and develop real insights into their physical universe. While his results are superb, almost all other U.S. high-school and college science classes, even at top-rated institutions, remain locked into a broken pedagogy whose main purpose is weeding kids out of these career paths..

Systematic studies, such as the findings of Richard Arum and Josipa Roksa’s groundbreaking book “Academically Adrift,” reach similar conclusions about how little our students are learning, even at the college level. They report that “gains in student performance are disturbingly low; a pattern of limited learning is prevalent on contemporary college campuses.”   Richard Keeling and Richard Hersh, in “We’re Losing Our Minds,” conclude that far too many college graduates can’t “think critically and creatively, speak and write cogently and clearly, solve problems, comprehend complex issues, accept responsibility and accountability, take the perspective of others, or meet the expectations of employers.”

The debate about the purpose of education ignores the elephant in the classroom. We have wrapped up our schools in rote memorization, low-level testing, and misguided accountability — preventing them from achieving any real purpose. It’s a fool’s errand to debate whether students are better off memorizing and forgetting Plato’s categorization of the three parts of a human’s soul, the quadratic equation, or the definition of the Cost of Goods Sold. If classroom “learning” is a mirage, it doesn’t matter whether it’s based on “The Odyssey,” a biology textbook, AP History flashcards, or a phone book.

At this point, a part of me felt like declaring education to be our domestic equivalent of Iraq. Maybe I’d be better off going back to my original travel-and-bad-golf plan. But, actually, I was inspired. Why? I was finding the most amazing rays of hope — schools offering powerful learning experiences. I realized moving our schools forward can happen, since we know what to do. Greatness is happening daily across our country, often in schools with scant financial resources. Our challenge is that these innovations are isolated, when they need to be ubiquitous.

The United States now has more than 500 “Deeper Learning” schools, most in our nation’s poorest communities. Clustered into a dozen networks, these schools aren’t “cookie-cutter” replicas of each other. But in their own creative ways, they deliver exceptional learning based on shared principles:

• self-directed learning
• a sense of purpose and authenticity in student experiences
• trust in teachers to teach to their passions and expertise
• a focus on essential skills (collaboration, communication, creativity, critical analysis)
• teachers as coaches, mentors, and advisers, not as lecturers
• lots of project-based challenges and learning
• public display of meaningful student work

Many focus on project-based learning (PBL), a bland phrase for a powerful approach to learning. One PBL leader, High Tech High in San Diego, now includes a dozen schools spanning K through 12, and offers its own graduate school of education. Curiously, out of 1,400 schools of education in our country training our next generation of K12 teachers, only two are integral to a K=12 school. In walking the halls of HTH (and they get more than 3,000 visitors each year), I observed a school experience that doesn’t look anything like what’s taking place today in most U.S. grade 7-16 classrooms. I felt real urgency in helping more people see the power of this pedagogy.

When it comes to PBL, two school networks are scaling rapidly with exceptional results — the New Tech Network and Expeditionary Learning. Both provide training for teachers along with a vetted curriculum, and cost-effectively transform schools or entire districts. With proven results in hundreds of schools across the country, these capable organizations can help any school advance a century in just one school year.

A recent poll conducted by Gallup and Purdue found that a powerful predictor of life success is access to meaningful internship opportunities while in high school. Sadly, such internships are rare. Big Picture Learning, which has grown to 65 schools in more than a dozen states, has cracked the code when it comes to internships. They work with our most at-risk students, helping prepare them for life by connecting the classroom with real world opportunities. Best of all, the BPL model relies on having students drive the process to secure a meaningful internship aligned with their interests, rather than just slotting students into make-work roles."]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://hacking-curriculum.tumblr.com/post/84716775082/22-things-we-do-as-educators-that-will-embarrass">
    <title>Ideas About Education Reform: 22 Things We Do As Educators That Will Embarrass Us In 25 Years by Terry Heick</title>
    <dc:date>2015-03-31T06:36:42+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://hacking-curriculum.tumblr.com/post/84716775082/22-things-we-do-as-educators-that-will-embarrass</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["22 Things We Do As Educators That Will Embarrass Us In 25 Years
by Terry Heick

Saw a picture today from the 1970s of a mother driving her car with her newborn baby in the passenger seat (no car seat). This, of course, got me thinking about education. What do we do now that in 25 years we’ll look back on and shake our heads? What are our “doctors smoking cigarettes while giving check ups” moments? I have a feeling we’re going to look back and be really confused by quite a bit. There’s probably a lot more than this, but I had to stop somewhere.

22 Things Education Does That Will Embarrass Us In 25 Years

1. We separated literacy from content.
And were confused when we couldn’t properly untangle them.

2. Meter progress by grade levels.
Right now, progress through academia is incremental, like inches on a ruler. These increments are marked by “grade levels,” which really has no meaning other than the artificial one schools have given it in the most self-justifying, circular argument ever.

3. We frowned upon crowdsourced content (e.g., Wikipedia)
Even though it has more updates and cross-checks than more traditional sources of info. It’s not perfect, but it’s the future. Err, present.

4. We gave vacations.
Why do we feel the need to provide months off at a time from learning to read, write, and think? We made school so bad that students couldn’t stand to do it without “vacations”? We cleaved it so cleanly from their daily lives that they “stopped” learning for months at a time?

5. We closed off schools from communities.
Which was the first (of many) errors. Then we let the media report on school progress under terms so artificially binary that we ended up dancing to the drum of newspaper headlines and political pressure.

6. We made it clumsy and awkward for teachers to share curriculum.
Seriously. How is there no seamless, elegant, and mobile way to do this?

7. We turned content into standards.
This makes sense until you realize that, by design, the absolute best this system will yield is students that know content.

8. We were blinded by data, research, and strategies….
..so we couldn’t see the communities, emotions, and habits that really drive learning.

9. We measured mastery once.
At the end of the year in marathon testing. And somehow this made sense? And performance on these tests gave us data that informed the very structures our schools were iterated with over time? Seriously? And we wonder why we chased our tails?

10. We spent huge sums of money on professional development.
While countless free resources floated around us in the digital ether. Silly administrators.

11. We reported progress with report cards.
Hey, I’ve tried other ways and parents get confused and downright feisty. We did a poor job helping parents understand what 
grades really meant, and so they insisted on the formats they grew up with.

12. We banned early mobile technology (in this case, smartphones).
And did so for entirely non-academic reasons.

13. We shoehorned technology into dated learning models.
Like adding rockets to a tractor. Why did we not replace the tractor first?

14. We measured mastery with endless writing prompts and multiple-choice tests.
Which, while effective in spots, totally missed the brilliant students who, for whatever reason, never could shine on them.

15. We had parent conferences twice a year.
What? And still only had 15% of parents show up? And we didn’t completely freak out? We must’ve been really sleepy.

16. We ignored apprenticeships.
Apprenticeship is a powerful form of personalized learning that completely marries “content,” performance, craft, and 
communities. But try having a 900 apprentices in a school. So much for that.

17. We claimed to “teach students to think for themselves.” 
LOL

18. We often put 1000 or more students in the same school.
And couldn’t see how the learning could possibly become industrialized.

19. We frowned on lectures.
Even though that’s essentially what TED Talks are. Instead of making them engaging and interactive multimedia performances led by adults that love their content, we turned passionate teachers into clinical managers of systems and data.

20. We ignored social learning.
And got learning that was neither personal nor social. Curious.

21. We tacked on digital citizenship.
The definition of digital citizenship is “the quality of actions, habits, and consumption patterns that impact the ecology of digital content and communities.” This is artificial to teach outside of the way students use these tools and places on a daily basis–which makes hanging a “digital citizenship” poster or teaching a “digital citizenship” lesson insufficient.
Like literacy, it needs to be fully integrated into the learning experiences of students.

22. We turned to curriculum that was scripted and written by people thousands of miles away.
We panicked, and it was fool’s gold.

Bonus 23. We chewed teachers up and spit them out
We made teachers entirely responsible for planning, measuring, managing, and responding to both mastery and deficiency. And through peer pressure, a little brainwashing, and appealing to their pride, somehow convinced them they really were."]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://harpers.org/archive/2015/04/abolish-high-school/">
    <title>[Easy Chair] | Abolish High School, by Rebecca Solnit | Harper's Magazine</title>
    <dc:date>2015-03-13T00:38:33+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://harpers.org/archive/2015/04/abolish-high-school/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[[<strike>placeholder as reminder to track down this article</strike> Update: Got to read this article thanks to Selin.]

"I skipped my last year of traditional junior high school, detouring for ninth and tenth grade into a newly created alternative junior high. (The existing alternative high school only took eleventh and twelfth graders.) The district used this new school as a dumping ground for its most insubordinate kids, so I shared two adjoin- ing classrooms with hard-partying teenage girls who dated adult drug dealers, boys who reeked of pot smoke, and other misfits like me. The wild kids impressed me because, unlike the timorous high achievers I’d often been grouped with at the mainstream school, they seemed fearless and free, skeptical about the systems around them.

There were only a few dozen students, and the adults treated us like colleagues. There was friendship and mild scorn but little cruelty, nothing that pitted us against one another or humiliated us, no violence, no clearly inculcated hierarchy. I didn’t gain much conventional knowledge, but I read voraciously and had good conversations. You can learn a lot that way. Besides, I hadn’t been gaining much in regular school either.

I was ravenous to learn. I’d waited for years for a proper chance at it, and the high school in my town didn’t seem like a place where I was going to get it. I passed the G.E.D. test at fifteen, started community college the following fall, and transferred after two semesters to a four-year college, where I began, at last, to get an education commensurate with my appetite.

What was it, I sometimes wonder, that I was supposed to have learned in the years of high school that I avoided? High school is often considered a definitive American experience, in two senses: an experience that nearly everyone shares, and one that can define who you are, for better or worse, for the rest of your life. I’m grateful I escaped the particular definition that high school would have imposed on me, and I wish everyone else who suffered could have escaped it, too.

For a long time I’ve thought that high school should be abolished. I don’t mean that people in their teens should not be educated at public expense. The question is what they are educated in. An abolitionist proposal should begin by acknowledging all the excellent schools and teachers and educations out there; the people who have a pleasant, useful time in high school; and the changes being wrought in the nature of secondary education today. It should also recognize the tremendous variety of schools, including charter and magnet schools in the public system and the private schools—religious, single-sex, military, and prep—that about 10 percent of American students attend, in which the values and pedagogical systems may be radically different. But despite the caveats and anomalies, the good schools and the students who thrive (or at least survive), high school is hell for too many Americans. If this is so, I wonder why people should be automatically consigned to it."

…

"…As Catherine A. Lugg, an education scholar specializing in public school issues, later wrote, “The Nabozny case clearly illustrates the public school’s historic power as the enforcer of expected norms regarding gender, heteronormativity,
and homophobia.”

I once heard Helena Norberg-Hodge, an economic analyst and linguist who studies the impact of globalization on nonindustrialized societies, say that generational segregation was one of the worst kinds of segregation in the United States. The remark made a lasting impression: that segregation was what I escaped all those years ago. My first friends were much older than I was, and then a little older; these days they are all ages. We think it’s natural to sort children into single-year age cohorts and then process them like Fords on an assembly line, but that may be a reflection of the industrialization that long ago sent parents to work away from their children for several hours every day.

Since the 1970s, Norberg-Hodge has been visiting the northern Indian region of Ladakh. When she first arrived such age segregation was un- known there. “Now children are split into different age groups at school,” Norberg-Hodge has written. “This sort of leveling has a very destructive effect. By artificially creating social units in which everyone is the same age, the ability of children to help and to learn from each other is greatly reduced.” Such units automatically create the conditions for competition, pressuring children to be as good as their peers. “In a group of ten children of quite different ages,” Norberg-Hodge argues, “there will naturally be much more cooperation than in a group of ten twelve-year-olds.”

When you are a teenager, your peers judge you by exacting and narrow criteria. But those going through the same life experiences at the same time often have little to teach one another about life. Most of us are safer in our youth in mixed-age groups, and the more time we spend outside our age cohort, the broader our sense of self. It’s not just that adults and children are good for adolescents. The reverse is also true. The freshness, inquisitiveness, and fierce idealism of a wide-awake teenager can be exhilarating, just as the stony apathy of a shut-down teenager can be dismal.

A teenager can act very differently outside his or her peer group than inside it. A large majority of hate crimes and gang rapes are committed by groups of boys and young men, and studies suggest that the perpetrators are more concerned with impressing one another and conforming to their group’s codes than with actual hatred toward outsiders. Attempts to address this issue usually focus on changing the social values to which such groups adhere, but dispersing or diluting these groups seems worth consideration, too.

High school in America is too often a place where one learns to conform or take punishment—and conformity is itself a kind of punishment, one that can flatten out your soul or estrange you from it."

…

"Abolishing high school could mean many things. It could mean compressing the time teenagers have to sort out their hierarchies and pillory outsiders, by turning schools into minimalist places in which people only study and learn. All the elaborate rites of dances and games could take place under other auspices. (Many Europeans and Asians I’ve spoken to went to classes each day and then left school to do other things with other people, forgoing the elaborate excess of extracurricular activities that is found at American schools.) It could mean schools in which age segregation is not so strict, where a twelve-year-old might mentor a seven-year-old and be mentored by a seventeen-year-old; schools in which internships, apprenticeships, and other programs would let older students transition into the adult world before senior year. (Again, there are plenty of precedents from around the world.)

Or it could mean something yet unimagined. I’ve learned from doctors that you don’t have to have a cure before you make a diagnosis. Talk of abolishing high school is just my way of wondering whether so many teen- agers have to suffer so much. How much of that suffering is built into a system that is, however ubiquitous, not inevitable? “Every time I drive past a high school, I can feel the oppression. I can feel all those trapped souls who just want to be outside,” a woman recalling her own experience wrote to me recently. “I always say aloud, ‘You poor souls.’”"]]></description>
<dc:subject>rebeccasolnit 2015 highschool education society toread adolescence psychology behavior bullying agesegregation sexuality extracurriculars sports competition schooliness schools us helenanorberg-hodge conformity apprenticeships alternative horizontality hierarchy catherlinelugg homophobia heteronormativity</dc:subject>
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<item rdf:about="http://schoolingtheworld.org/big-box-schooling/">
    <title>The Future of Big-Box Schooling</title>
    <dc:date>2015-01-07T08:01:42+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://schoolingtheworld.org/big-box-schooling/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["The fundamental flaw which is structurally embedded in our education system  is the fallacy of social engineering – the false belief that it is possible to institute a top-down, mechanical structure, impose it on a complex living system, and expect predictable results.  The entire superstructure of goals, objectives, state standards, curricula, and tests is fundamentally built on the assumption that learning is a mechanical process, in which the proper ingredients can be fed into the pipeline and the proper product will emerge at the other end. (Of course, the fact that this persistently does not happen, John Taylor Gatto argues, is no accident, but reflects the fact that it is not actually in the interests of the existing power structure to have a large population capable of exercising independent critical intelligence.)"

…

"Every culture is different, and as anthropologist Meredith Small points out, every culture makes trade-offs: it would be romantic to assume that there is some perfect balance to be found. But because a traditional culture embodies learning which takes place over many generations, in which thousands of years of observation and trial-and-error allow for a multi-generational wisdom about human nature to evolve, it is possible that nuanced and workable ways of relating to children may exist in traditional cultures from which modern societies can learn and benefit.

Aspects of learning in many (not all) traditional cultures include:

• Immersing young people in adult activity rather than segregating them by age.
• Immersing children in multi-age groups where they can learn from older children.
• Immersing young people in nature rather than confining them indoors for most of the day.
• A blurring of the boundaries between work and play.
• Allowing for physical movement and engagement with new tasks or knowledge rather than requiring a sedentary existence as the condition for learning.
• Allowing the time for freedom, experimentation, choice, fluidity, play.
• Learning through deeper personal relationships, mentorships, apprenticeships, rather than from teachers who are not known on a personal level.
• Control over the timing, form and content of learning which resides in the child and/or in adults who know the child as an individual, rather than control being located in distant “experts” and one-size-fits-all “standards.”
• Allowing for extended transformative experiences in which young people make independent choices to discover their unique gifts, rather than step-by-step controlled sequences which attempt to dictate the process as well as the outcome of learning.

These strategies can work for learning to identify medicinal plants in a rainforest, for learning to anticipate and respond to the moods and movements of wild caribou, for learning to build a sustainable house out of mud brick, and they can work for learning how to design software applications or conduct a biological field study or write an elegant and compelling essay.

So if modernized societies are beginning to discuss moving from 20th century “big-box” schooling to a more 21st century networked model of learning, one possibility is that we may see a convergence of learning styles between ancient and modern cultures.  As Sugata Mitra has discovered, unlettered street children can teach themselves how to use computers when given free access to the technology. So does it make sense to remove indigenous children from their traditional cultures and put them into outdated factory-style schools?  Or should traditional people consider skipping that step, and deciding for themselves how they may want to use, ignore, adapt, blend, or hybridize  new technologies and information in an open-network self-regulating manner?

When a new form of knowledge is truly vital and desired by a population, and access to the necessary resources is available, there is no question of needing to make education compulsory — you couldn’t stop the spread of knowledge if you tried. Look at how computer technology and expertise spread through the developed world.  Personal computers were not invented by people in schools, and the vast majority of the population did not learn how to use them in schools.  It was an open-access / open-source process –  an organically expanding, networking, self-correcting, self-regulating and incredibly effective process –  just like the early spread of literacy in many parts of Europe before the institution of widespread schooling.

Whether this is always good, of course, is another question. New technologies always change our lives, and not always for the better. Television has burned a wide swath through many cultures, including our own, leaving obesity, isolation, and advertising-driven insecurity and depression in its wake. I’m uneasy about the aggressive marketing of cell phones and technology to remote areas like Ladakh: once people from a sustainable culture suddenly require cash to feed a technology habit, many negative consequences ensue. But ultimately, it’s still better to be in control of what you adopt and what you choose not to adopt –– to be able to take what you need and leave the rest, absorb new things at a rate of your own choosing, than to be forced into an obsolete model of schooling just as the developed world begins to seriously discuss moving beyond it."]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="https://vimeo.com/103559084">
    <title>Jennifer Eliuk - Apprenticeships - I implore you! - Burlington Ruby Conference 2014 on Vimeo</title>
    <dc:date>2014-08-25T05:44:01+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://vimeo.com/103559084</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["The increase in web development vocational programs means a steady supply of junior developers, but are we prepared to help them become productive members of our teams?

These programs were created in response to the need for more developers, but I fear without apprenticeships to bridge the gap, we’re simply moving the bottleneck upstream.

In the absence of an established, structured program, I’ve had to figure out what it means to be a software apprentice and ensure I’m building skills and learning best practices daily. Conversely, the senior developers have had to think about how to integrate apprentices and provide purposeful learning opportunities.

In this talk, I’ll share my experience coming from a vocational web development school and the apprenticeship program we’re developing at Democracy Works, Inc."]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://sb129.com/2013/11/08/design-tutorials-the-basics/">
    <title>Design tutorials: the basics | SB129</title>
    <dc:date>2014-04-09T21:38:12+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://sb129.com/2013/11/08/design-tutorials-the-basics/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[Within design education, there’s little shared wisdom about how to conduct a tutorial. The tutorial is the bread and butter of design learning; the main pedagogic object of interaction. But we, the design community, rarely share the nuts and bolts of how to navigate and steer a student through a successful project; how to encourage, provoke, inspire and lead a designer into new and fascinating territories.

In this post, I’d like to outline a few basics. It’s me, stating the obvious, in what I consider good pedagogic practice; how best to support, guide and get the most out of students and their work.

I believe the things I’ve learnt over the last ten or so years are applicable to other disciplines and within the professional context of design. Whether as a Creative Director or a Design Manager, the following points are a good place to start when it comes to directing creativity;

Listening is Key

At the heart of a good tutor is their ability to listen. Understanding ideas, position and intent allows for more connected, meaningful feedback. Asking questions to clarify is key to aiding your understanding. Sometimes students take a long time to get to the salient point, they can skirt around the topic due to a lack of confidence, confusion or perception of expectation, so be patient, let them ‘talk out’, only respond when you understand what’s in front of you. Wait until nerves die down to get to the heart of the matter, then you’ll be in the best position to advise.

Ownership and embodiment

It’s all to common for design tutors to try to design vicariously – to direct a student in a way that they would do the project. This, in my opinion, is a flawed approach. It has a history in the master/apprentice model of education; watch, copy, admire, repeat (where learning is a happy side effect). However, it rarely allows the student to feel ownership over the content and learning experience.

Within Art and Design, intellectual ownership is a tricky subject to navigate. The messy and complex network of ideas become distributed across a number of different references, conversations and people, the genesis of an idea is difficult to locate. Tutors that have a ‘that was my idea’ attitude rarely survive or remain happy and motivated. Intellectual generosity is an essential quality of a good educator. Having the humility to understand and value that the adoption of ideas ‘as their own’ is an important part of learning – it allows for the embodiment of the ideas into the identity of the designer.

Mutual exploration

However, in the age of the Internet, the tutor as gateway to all knowledge is long gone. The ability (or illusion) of a Professor having read ‘everything’ in their discipline is a distant memory. When knowledge is acquired and disseminated in such a radically different manner, it calls for educational revolution. Sadly, the rise of the MOOC isn’t the revolution I was hoping for.

The abolishment of levels and the flattening of hierarchies are at the heart of how I believe education needs to change. Breaking the often fictitious boundaries between teaching and research to allow for the mutual exploration of ideas is a fundamentally different model of education. Sadly, due to financial scalability, this remains relevant only to an elite. But as a tutor, see your conversations with students as a space to explore ideas, be the learner as much as the teacher. Reframe higher education away from the hierarchies of expertise towards mutual exploration of the distant boundaries of your discipline.

Expanding possibility space

It’s important to remember that a tutorial should be expanding the cone of possibility for the student. They should leave, not with answers, but with an expanded notion, a greater ambition of what they were trying to achieve. It’s important to be ambitious and set tough challenges for your students, otherwise boredom or (heavens forbid) laziness can take over. Most student’s I’ve met love being thrown difficult challenges, most rise to the occasion, all learn a great deal. In order to move towards the goal of a self determined learner, the student should control the decisions of the design process. If you’re telling them what to design, not opening up possibilities and highlighting potential problems, you’re probably missing something.

Understand motivation, vulnerability and ‘learning style’

Every student we teach, learn in a different way, have different hopes and desires, react to feedback in a different way. Navigating and ‘differentiating’ these differences is really difficult. Some tutors take a distanced intellectual approach, where the content in front of them is a puzzle that needs to be solved, this is the classic personae of the academic, distanced, emotionally arid, intellectually rigorous. But this doesn’t alway mean a good learning experience. Other tutors operate on a more psychological level; the try to understand the emotional context of the situation and adapt their advise accordingly. Whatever happens, understand you have a individual in front of you, they have lives outside of the studio, they are going through all manner of personal shit that will effect their attention and engagement. They come from different cultures, different educational backgrounds, so their response to your advice is going to shift like the wind, be adaptive, read body language and don’t go in like a bulldozer (I have definitely done this in the past!). 

In terms of learning style, without this becoming a paper on pedagogy, understand that your advice need to be tailored to different students. Some (a lot) need to learn through a physical engagement with their material, others needs to have an intellectual structure in place in order to progress. Throughout a project, course or programme, try to understand this and direct your advice accordingly.

Agreed direction

Tutorials shouldn’t just be general ‘chats’ about the project or world, they should give direction, tasks and a course of action. I have a rule: Don’t end the tutorial until you’ve both agreed a direction. This can be pretty tough to manage in terms of time, as I get more experienced, I get better at reaching an agreement within my tutorial time allocation, but I still often can overrun by hours. The important thing to work towards is the idea that you both understand the project, and you both understand how it could move. End the tutorial when this been reached.

Read and respond

It’s really important, in design, to respond to what is in front of you. To actual STUFF. It’s far too easy to let students talk without showing evidence of their work. This is a dangerous game. Words can deceive, hide and misrepresent action. Dig into sketchbooks, ask to see work they’ve done. If they haven’t done anything, ask them to go away and do something to represent their ideas and thoughts. Production is key to having a productive tutorial. Only through responding to actual material evidence of action can a project move forward. At its worst, students can develop the skill to talk about stuff, making it exciting in your mind, but fail to produce the project in the end. But this isn’t the main reason for this section, it’s more about the ideas of design residing in the material production, not just the explication. You can tell me what you believe something does or means, but it’s only when it’s in front of me that I can fully grasp this.

The art of misinterpretation

Another reason why it’s important to dig into sketchbooks and look at work, is that looking at something and trying to work out what it means – the space of interpretation – is an important space of learning. By interpreting and indeed misinterpreting work, you and your student can find out things about the project. If the student intended one thing and you understand something else by it, you’ve at least learnt that it was poorly (visually and materially) communicated. But the exciting stuff happens when misinterpretation acts as a bridge between your internal mental processes (with all references etc) and your students. Your reading of a drawing acts as a way to generate a new idea or direction. This is when there is genuine creative collaboration.

References

One of the roles of a tutor is to point students towards relevant and inspiring resources. In the age of the internet, when student’s roam the halls of tumblr and are constantly fed inspiration by their favourite design blogs, the use, meaning and impact of tutor driven references has changed. Be focussed with reading, ensure students know why they are looking at a particular reference and make sure that you contextualise the work within the ideas that they have."]]></description>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:empathy"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:emergentcurriculum"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:evidence"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:communication"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:collaboration"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:mentoring"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:response"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:direction"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:mutualaid"/>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-26289459">
    <title>BBC News - What medieval Europe did with its teenagers</title>
    <dc:date>2014-03-26T19:45:13+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-26289459</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Today, there's often a perception that Asian children are given a hard time by their parents. But a few hundred years ago northern Europe took a particularly harsh line, sending children away to live and work in someone else's home. Not surprisingly, the children didn't always like it."]]></description>
<dc:subject>via:lukeneff teens history medieval middleages adolescence apprenticeships children parenting education work labor</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:b3316063b649/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:adolescence"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:work"/>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://crackmagazine.net/art/hort-feature/">
    <title>HORT // - Crack Magazine</title>
    <dc:date>2014-01-22T23:00:55+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://crackmagazine.net/art/hort-feature/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["You studied at Darmstadt, but dropped out before graduating because you didn’t agree with the way things were taught. Do you regret going there?

I knew I wanted to study graphic design from quite early on, but I actually didn’t think at the time about whether that particular course was relevant to me. It was more a case of: Darmstadt was close to my hometown, and the course was well known, having come directly from the school of Ulm – from Bauhaus influences. Looking back I can see that it taught the foundations of design well, you learnt about colour, about type, about composition. But I had this idea that university was a place of revolution! A melting pot where our young brains would forge the future!

And it wasn’t.

No. I understood that it was important to know the past, but also to question it. What happened in the early days of graphic design, it was fantastic, but society changes, technology changes, and the way we communicate changes, so we as designers cannot remain static. At Darmstadt it was all about just repeating things that had been done in the past, and I don’t think that really helps us.

Now you yourself are a professor, are you markedly trying to use a different approach to teaching than the one you received?

Yeah. That’s not to say I neglect the past, as we didn’t arrive here in the Year Zero. You have to know history to be inspired by the successes, and to avoid making the same mistakes. But I don’t want to tell my students what is right or wrong. I let them know what is right for me, but that is not necessarily going to be right for them, you know? They should know the past, but they shouldn’t follow it. And they shouldn’t follow me, either.

That’s interesting, because particularly here in Germany, a lot of courses and studios have a kind of apprenticeship approach, where the tutor teaches you to create in their style, kind of like an artist or craftsman would in the past.

Yes, a lot of classes are based around understanding the ‘master’, but it can come at a cost of understanding yourself. I think nowadays it’s important to show students the possibilities for discovering their own path. I think my task as a teacher is wider than showing them how to draw or design. I want them to be great designers, but I also want them to be great people, to have an understanding of their responsibilities as a creative. That’s why I do design and cooking courses, where the students have to design a dinner party. When you cook, you’re cooking for someone else. And it’s the same with design. You do it for someone else."

[See also: http://crackmagazine.net/art/hort/ ]]]></description>
<dc:subject>2014 hort eikekönig design graphicdesign interviews education designeducation apprenticeships structure</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:bbae04380f68/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:eikekönig"/>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.academia.edu/2411755/The_empty_chair_Education_in_an_ethic_of_hospitality">
    <title>The empty chair: Education in an ethic of hospitality | Claudia Ruitenberg - Academia.edu</title>
    <dc:date>2014-01-16T01:19:14+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://www.academia.edu/2411755/The_empty_chair_Education_in_an_ethic_of_hospitality</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["The ethical frameworks of autonomy and virtue often include direct instruction and assessment. For example, students can be asked to explain their moral reasoning or to demonstrate particular virtues in their interactions with peers. The emphasis of the ethic of care is on modeling caring, “so we do not tell our students to care; we show them how to care by creating caring relations with them.”33

Likewise, hospitality is not instructed but modeled. The onus is on teachers to offer hospitality, and to show that their interventions are aimed at leaving open a place where the other may arrive. This is a demanding and impossible ethic, one that cannot be perfected or completed, but that demands a response nonetheless. In this way, the ethic of hospitality in education does justice to critiques of subjectivity; as Derrida asks rhetorically, “is not hospitality an interruption of the self?”"

[Direct link to PDF: http://ojs.ed.uiuc.edu/index.php/pes/article/viewFile/3247/1150 ]]]></description>
<dc:subject>claudiaruitenberg 2011 via:steelemaley hospitality teaching modeling care caring behavior tcsnmy lcproject ethics autonomy interdependence morality virtues howweteach learning apprenticeships mentoring jacquesderrida</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:097d3ac4bd71/</dc:identifier>
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<item rdf:about="http://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/matt-hern-the-promise-of-deschooling">
    <title>The Promise of Deschooling (Matt Hern) | The Anarchist Library</title>
    <dc:date>2013-11-20T16:16:52+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/matt-hern-the-promise-of-deschooling</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["I believe that deschooling represents a fundamental piece in the construction of an ecological society. To resist compulsory schooling is to resist the other-control of our lives at levels that dig at the very root of family and community at a daily, visceral level. Real communities can and are being built around an opposition to monopoly schooling all across the continent. The most compelling of these movements are those which are rejecting not only government schools, but the cultural and pedagogical assumptions of schooling and education themselves. It is easily possible to envision a society where schools are transformed into community learning centres that fade into a localist fabric, and are replaced by a vast array of learning facilities and networks, specific training programs, apprenticeships, internships and mentorships, public utilities like libraries, museums and science centres. The simplistic monoculture of compulsory schooling is abandoned in favour of innumerable learning projects, based on innumerable visions of human development, and children and adults alike are able to design, manage and evaluate the pace, style and character of their own lives and learning. The implications of schools reverberate throughout our culture, and it is plainly clear that an ecological society cannot bear the burden that schools place on our kids, families and communities. They are crude constructions for a world that has been exposed as unethical and unsustainable. Deschooling represents a tangible and comprehensive site for a disciplined renunciation of centralized control, and a transformative vision, not only of personal autonomy, but of genuine social freedom."]]></description>
<dc:subject>matthern deschooling unschooling 1998 anarchism education learning apprenticeships internships mentorship mentors community</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:4321f7cd26da/</dc:identifier>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://website.education.wisc.edu/steinkuehler/blog/">
    <title>Constance Steinkuehler</title>
    <dc:date>2013-05-13T05:35:07+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://website.education.wisc.edu/steinkuehler/blog/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["I research cognition and learning in online games. I’m especially interested in the forms of science, literacy, and sociocultural skills that young adults learn from online play. I am currently a Senior Policy Analyst at the Office of Science and Technology Policy in the Executive Office of the President where I advise on policy related to games and learning/impact. I am currently on leave from my position as Assistant Professor [vita] at the University of Wisconsin-Madison where I teach courses on videogames, research methods, and the “smart” side of pop culture. 

My research lab named PopCosmo investigates the forms of cognition & culture that arise in online games such as RuneScape, World of Warcraft, and Dragon Age Legends. Our current team consists of 8 doctoral students and 2 undergrads, each specializing in their own interest area. Studies and publications include: science reasoning, digital & print literacy, computational literacy, collective problem solving, distributed apprenticeship, and pop cosmopolitanism.

This work is part of a larger UW-Madison program Games+Learning+Society (GLS) that designs and studies interactive digital media ranging from console games to mobile devices to fantasy baseball to YouTube to 3D virtual worlds. We total over 30 doctoral students, half a dozen faculty, and an emerging undergrad course of study. As part of this initiative, I chair the annual GLS Conference, hosted every summer here in Madison WI."]]></description>
<dc:subject>constancesteinkuehler games gaming videogames literacy reading writing boys science play popculture sciencereasoning problemsolving collectiveproblemsolving research apprenticeships distributedapprenticeship cosmpolitanism popcosmpolitanism pocosmo youtube learning society mmo</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:1775b8ddd6a9/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:literacy"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:apprenticeships"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:cosmpolitanism"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:youtube"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:society"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:mmo"/>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.dubberly.com/articles/imagine_design_create.html">
    <title>Imagine Design Create</title>
    <dc:date>2012-12-16T23:11:34+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.dubberly.com/articles/imagine_design_create.html</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["…What’s holding design back?

…short answer…art schools…[where m]ost design programs are housed…art school teaching still follows a medieval model: Master & apprentice.

Studio courses are mostly about socialization— sharing & creating tacit knowledge through direct experience. Students learn by watching one another. Teachers rarely espouse principles. Learning proceeds from specific to specific. Knowledge remains tacit.

Practice is much the same as education. Over the course of a career, most designers learn to design better. But what they learn is highly idiosyncratic, dependent on their unique context. The knowledge designers gain usually retires with them.

Rarely do designers distill rules from experience, codify new methods, test & improve them, & pass them on to others. Rarely do designers move from tacit to explicit. …

Design doesn’t have feedback loops that include funding, research, publishing, tenure, and teaching, These feedback loops ensure quality. Without them…"]]></description>
<dc:subject>criticaleducation mentorships masters apprenticeships knowledge miltonglaser nicholasnegroponte graphicdesign learning teaching experience designcriticism criticism peerreview 2011 via:anne hughdubberly education arteducation artschools design artschool</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:ac86760a4491/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:peerreview"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:2011"/>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://storify.com/caseyg/education-1">
    <title>Learning Networks, Syllabi, MOOCs, &quot;Disruption&quot;, Classroom Teaching, Confusion, Bureaucracy Blues (with images, tweets) · caseyg · Storify</title>
    <dc:date>2012-11-25T08:55:05+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://storify.com/caseyg/education-1</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[Casey rounded up the night tweets.]]></description>
<dc:subject>scalability scaling scale small contraction integrity institutionalchange institutionalinertia change exquisitecorpse art apprenticeships markllobrera content networkedlearning online toolkits onlinetoolkits 1password nyc jackcheng credentialing credentials robinrendle nassimtaleb clayshirky openstudioproject lcproject education howweteach transparency trust institutions organizations olympics ephemeral money spencerbeacock maxfenton ducttape learning margaretedson tcsnmy cooperunion mooc moocs robinsonmeyer bureaucracy allentan caseygollan comments teaching disruption syllabus 2012 learningnetworks ephemerality debchachra syllabi</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:ef64e71f6f06/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:small"/>
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<item rdf:about="http://donaldclarkplanb.blogspot.com/2012/11/roger-schank-only-two-things-wrong-with.html">
    <title>...Only two things wrong with education: 1) What we teach; 2) How we teach</title>
    <dc:date>2012-11-15T01:45:31+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://donaldclarkplanb.blogspot.com/2012/11/roger-schank-only-two-things-wrong-with.html</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["school he thinks, has turned into a funnelling process for Universities. This is a big mistake. His solution is to have lots of curricula and allow people to follow their curiosity and interests, as this is what drives real, meaningful and useful learning, as opposed to memorisation and hoop jumping. Organise school, not around subjects, but cognitive processes that match what we do in the real world."

"Schank things Higher Education is a con. You pay through the nose for not very much more than a three or four year vacation and a good social life. The courses are poor and the system designed to select researchers."

"Schank has a strongly libertarian view in that he wants to abandon lectures, memorisation and tests. Start to learn by doing and practice, not theory. Stop lecturing and delivering dollops of theory. Stop building and sitting in classrooms. We need to teach cognitive processes and acquire skills through the application of these processes, not fearing failure."

"Based on an examination of language and memory, Schank explored the idea of personalised scripts in learning. This personalised, episodic model of memory led to a theory of instruction that exposed learners to model scripts by allowing them to experience the process of building their own scripts. We need scripts for handling meetings, dealing with customers, selling to others and so on. Knowledge is not a set of facts, it’s a set of experiences. This is not taught by telling, it is taught by doing, ‘there really is no learning without doing’. Interestingly, recent memory research confirms this view."

"He rejects the idea that we have to fill people up with knowledge they’ll never use. Too much education and training tries, and fails, to do this. We need to identify why someone wants to learn then teach it. In this sense he puts motivation and skills before factual knowledge. One can pull in knowledge when required."

[via Taryn, whose notes and quotes follow]

[not sure why anyone wants to make up problems when there is already so much work to do, Internet makes more of it more accessible to more of us; also "evaluate" for what, exactly, and why]

[Schank] prefers to deliver learning from mentored experience, not from direct instruction presented out of context. Fictional situations are set up in which students must play a role. They need to produce documents, software, plans, presentations and such within a story describing the situation. Deliverables produced by the student are evaluated by team members and by mentors. The virtual experiential curricula are story centred. Story-Centred Curricula are carefully designed apprenticeship-style learning experiences in which the student encounters a planned sequence of real-world situations constructed to motivate the development and application of knowledge and skills in an integrated fashion.]]></description>
<dc:subject>learning storytelling rogerschank 2012 unschooling deschooling curriclum education schools schooling highered highereducation colleges universities learningby doing math science algebra change apprenticeships via:Taryn self-directedlearning</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:36827b7e770c/</dc:identifier>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.fastcompany.com/3002673/innovation-education">
    <title>Innovation in Education | Fast Company</title>
    <dc:date>2012-11-06T03:47:55+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.fastcompany.com/3002673/innovation-education</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Nikhil Goyal, student and author of One Size Does Not Fit All: A Student's Assessment of School:

1. Make cities our classrooms. … projects, apprenticeships, working with mentors, and traveling … community should be our curriculum …

2. Swap pedagogy for andragogy. We need to switch from pedagogy (teacher-focused) to andragogy (adult-leading). In this model of education, children have control, they are motivated intrinsically, and the curriculum is problem- rather than content-orientated. We need to have young people become the captains of their learning. …

3. Hike teacher pay and end market-based rewards. …

Gever Tulley, founder, Brightworks and the Tinkering School:

1. Focus on microschools: Schools don't have to be big. The hyper-local micro-school can compete on a financial basis while delivering a more engaging learning experience.

2. Make room for alternative schools. …

3. Treat education as a regular practice like exercise, not as a phase. …"]]></description>
<dc:subject>pbl projectbasedlearning projects making tinkering tinkeringschool brightworks pedagogy process practice practices howwelearn mentorship mentorships mentors mentoring apprenticeships urbanism urban cities cityasclassroom andragogy alted alternative deschooling unschooling 2012 teaching georgeparker michellerhee gevertulley cv schools education learning openstudioproject lcproject nikhilgoyal</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:6bbae0fab45b/</dc:identifier>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://muledesign.com/2012/09/i-want-to-start-a-company-right-out-of-school/">
    <title>I want to start a company right out of school! :: Mule Design Studio</title>
    <dc:date>2012-09-11T19:32:46+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://muledesign.com/2012/09/i-want-to-start-a-company-right-out-of-school/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["If you are serious about a career in design, the absolute best thing you can do right now is to get yourself a job at a studio working for experienced designers who are willing to teach you the parts of the trade you didn’t get in school. A good designer understands that part of their role is to teach the next generation."

[Two responses: http://www.quora.com/David-Cole/Posts/Startups-and-Studios and http://blog.keenancummings.com/post/31480548551/dont-be-wise ]]]></description>
<dc:subject>apprenticeships design trade time learning teaching mentorships mentoring mentorship 2012 mikemonteiro advice</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:fd1ac4d9e97e/</dc:identifier>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.npr.org/2012/07/26/157033600/bypassing-college-dreams-a-different-road-to-work?sc=emaf">
    <title>A Different Road To Work, Bypassing College Dreams : NPR</title>
    <dc:date>2012-07-28T16:24:40+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.npr.org/2012/07/26/157033600/bypassing-college-dreams-a-different-road-to-work?sc=emaf</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["euro style apprenticeships" Siemens pays high school kids to come work for them instead, journeyman's certificate, job at end. mentor.

"I was planning on getting a degree in international relations, but with financial aid and how difficult it is to pay for college and everything," she says. "So when Siemens came along and gave me the offer, it was too good of an opportunity to just let it go.

With college costs rising and student debt mounting, a group of college-prep kids in Charlotte are opting for an alternative route: European-style apprenticeships.

Siemens hired her and five other apprentices last year. These days, Espinal works on the factory floor.

"Running a machine, learning about programs, how to set up a machine for a program, also learning how to use tools and learning how to read blueprints," she says.

Espinal learns all this with the help of her personal mentor, Danny Hawkins. He likes to call her Dora the Explorer. You can see the resemblance.

"It's a great way for these young people to learn that there is a demand for skilled workers," Hawkins says. "Siemens has a very large workforce that's fixing to retire, and there's nobody to replace them."

When Espinal finishes her four-year training program, she'll graduate with an associate's degree, a journeyman's certificate in machining and a guaranteed job that includes a starting salary of around $44,000 a year.]]></description>
<dc:subject>don't_go_back_to_school via:kio apprenticeships learning education unschooling deschooling alternative</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:403cb9954da9/</dc:identifier>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="https://vimeo.com/38458933">
    <title>Webstock '12: Erin Kissane - Little Big Systems on Vimeo</title>
    <dc:date>2012-03-18T06:44:26+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://vimeo.com/38458933</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["It's really easy to understand the lure of small, artisanal projects that we can polish to a satin finish: they offer a sense of craftsmanship, a human scale for our work, and the chance to get something really *right*. But larger projects and bigger systems can often feel soulless and unsatisfying, even when we're excited by the causes and ideas behind them. So is there a way to work on an ambitious scale without losing the purpose and handcraftedness that makes more intimate gigs so much fun? (Hint: yes.)

Via the craft of content strategy and its intertwinglements with design and code, this talk follows the connections between making small-scale, handcrafted artifacts and designing big, juicy systems (editorial and otherwise) that encourage both liveliness and excellence."]]></description>
<dc:subject>publishing apprenticeships masters craftsman'stime time slow small scale handcrafted artifacts systems systemsthinking apatternlanguage christopheralexander design contentstrategy content 2012 webstock webstock12 erinkissane humanscale craft craftsmanship</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:5346fde32db3/</dc:identifier>
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<item rdf:about="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204542404577157290201608630.html?mod=WSJ_Magazine_LEFTSecondStories">
    <title>Made Better in Japan - WSJ.com</title>
    <dc:date>2012-02-20T06:54:10+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204542404577157290201608630.html?mod=WSJ_Magazine_LEFTSecondStories</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["For decades, Japan simply imported the wares of foreign cultures, but recession has led to invention. The country has begun creating the finest American denim, French cuisine and Italian espresso in the world. Now is the time to visit."

"During the robust economy of the '80s, Japan's exports ruled, and the country would import the best that money could buy from the rest of the globe, including Italian chefs and French sommeliers. Which made Japan an haute bourgeoisie heaven where luxury manufacturers from the West expected skyrocketing sales forever.

But now 20-plus years of recession have killed that dream. Louis Vuitton sales are plummeting, and magnums of Dom Pérignon are no longer being uncorked at a furious pace. That doesn't mean the Japanese have turned away from the world. They've just started approaching it on their own terms, venturing abroad and returning home with increasingly more international tastes and much higher standards…"

[See also Stateside: http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/19/magazine/adam-davidson-craft-business.html ]]]></description>
<dc:subject>daikisuzuki engineeredgarments hyperspecialization hospitality hotels apprenticeships tiny small quintessence shuzokishida restaurants kansai tokyo hitoshitsujimoto realmccoy's nylon magazines jeans craft coffee denim detail perfection food fashion lifestyle economics luxury japan scale</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:8bccc79bfac7/</dc:identifier>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://stevemiranda.wordpress.com/2011/11/22/apprenticeships-and-internships/">
    <title>Apprenticeships and internships « Re-educate Seattle</title>
    <dc:date>2011-11-25T20:06:28+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://stevemiranda.wordpress.com/2011/11/22/apprenticeships-and-internships/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["I’m using these two words—apprenticeship and certification—in a way that’s overly simplistic, but I’m doing it to make a point: when your daughter heads off to school each morning, does she treat it like an apprenticeship or an internship?

Is she more concerned with learning something interesting, or her GPA? Is she developing deep relationships with mentors, or merely securing snazzy letters of recommendation? Is she learning something useful right now, or participating in a ritual as preparation for the future?

* * *

Here’s perhaps the most important question: does your daughter’s school view it’s work as closer to providing apprenticeships, or internships?"]]></description>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.c4lpt.co.uk/blog/2011/11/23/the-non-training-approach/">
    <title>» The Non-Training Approach to Workplace Learning Learning in the Social Workplace</title>
    <dc:date>2011-11-25T19:52:15+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.c4lpt.co.uk/blog/2011/11/23/the-non-training-approach/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["What is needed quite urgently is a new approach to helping those in the workplace do their jobs, or do them better – in more effective, efficient and relevant ways in the modern workplace. An approach that is NOT about designing and delivering courses, but is about working with individuals and teams at the grass roots to both encourage and support continuous learning practices as well as to identify more appropriate solutions to business and performance problems through non-training interventions."
]]></description>
<dc:subject>training learning sociallearning informallearning 2011 unschooling tcsnmy education schooliness deschooling apprenticeships janehart teaching workplacelearning</dc:subject>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://sxl02.businessinnovationfactory.com/#home">
    <title>Business Innovation Factory | Participatory Design Studio</title>
    <dc:date>2011-08-12T19:23:08+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://sxl02.businessinnovationfactory.com/#home</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["What if we put students in the driver's seat of a new kind of R&D to transform education? One that provided a platform for engaging students more fully in a real world effort that also involves faculty, education administrators and other system players? Could we improve a student's education experience? Yes. Could we take it a step further and transform education itself? Yes.

The Business Innovation Factory's participatory design studio gives students the opportunity to use real-world research and design methodologies to transform their student experience. Framed within the context of a real problem, the lab leads students through the design process, ultimately landing on a set of solutions to improve their experience."

[See also: http://businessinnovationfactory.com/projects/sxl ]]]></description>
<dc:subject>via:monikahardy lcproject learning innovation education transformation realworld research design problemsolving apprenticeships student-centered studentdirected tcsnmy bigpictureschools projectbasedlearning unschooling deschooling businessinnovationfactory pbl</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:cb514b3bc67f/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:unschooling"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:businessinnovationfactory"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:pbl"/>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.calderaarts.org/caldera/">
    <title>Caldera</title>
    <dc:date>2011-08-10T08:44:48+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.calderaarts.org/caldera/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["…started as a summer camp in the mountains. The idea was to bring kids w/ limited opportunities, both from the city & country, together to make art. Turns out it was a pretty good idea. Kids who said they couldn’t draw found out they were artists. Students who were at risk of dropping out of school kept w/ it, graduated from high school, won college scholarships & came back to work at Caldera.The artists who worked w/ the kids found the experience made them better artists, so we invited them back during the winter to work on their own projects. & because art isn’t just for summertime, we started working w/ students every week, expanding our activities into their schools & communities in Portland & Central Oregon. Today, we work year-round w/ thousands of students, & we invite artists from all over the world for month long residencies at our arts center near Sisters. Caldera’s mission is to be a catalyst for transformation through innovative art & environmental programs."]]></description>
<dc:subject>residencies oregon portland sisters wk wieden+kennedy lcproject education art writing youth teens srg edg glvo caldera creativity arts expression learning apprenticeships mentorships danwieden mentorship</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:8c3adc1c27ea/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:glvo"/>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://democraticeducation.org/index.php/article/quote_of_the_day1/">
    <title>Quote of the Day :: IDEA [&quot;Compulsory Mis-Education by Paul Goodman…quote…remarkably summarizes IDEA's goals.&quot;]</title>
    <dc:date>2011-07-21T07:33:40+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://democraticeducation.org/index.php/article/quote_of_the_day1/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Thus at present, facing a a confusing state of automated technology, excessive urbanization, & entirely new patterns of work & leisure, the best educational brains ought to be devoting themselves to *various* means of educating & paths of growing up, appropriate to various talents, conditions, & careers. We should be experimenting / different kinds of school, no school at all, the real city as school, farm schools, practical apprenticeships, guided travel, work camps, little theatres & local newspapers, & community service. Many others…Probably more than anything, we need a community, & community spirit, in which many adults who know something, & not only professional teachers, pay attention to the young."

…I recognize…experimentation Goodman is referring to.

Big Picture Learning
Democratic/SudVal/Free schools
Unschooling groups and families
Unschooling Adventures Group
Place-based education
Online Education
Specialized schools"]]></description>
<dc:subject>paulgoodman education unschooling deschooling variety alternative alternativeeducation zulekairvin bigpictureschools onlinelearning democraticschools sudburyschools freeschools place-basededucation situatedlearning cityasclassroom community servicelearning apprenticeships guidedtravel farmschools diversity learning lcproject tcsnmy experimentation choice place-basedlearning place-based place-basedpedagogy land-basedlearning land-basededucation</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:757f439c9749/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:land-basededucation"/>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situated_learning">
    <title>Situated learning - Wikipedia</title>
    <dc:date>2011-06-27T07:58:41+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situated_learning</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Situated learning was first proposed by Jean Lave and Etienne Wenger as a model of learning in a Community of practice. At its simplest, situated learning is learning that takes place in the same context in which it is applied. Lave and Wenger (1991)[1] argue that learning should not be viewed as simply the transmission of abstract and decontextualised knowledge from one individual to another, but a social process whereby knowledge is co-constructed; they suggest that such learning is situated in a specific context and embedded within a particular social and physical environment."

[Also includes a section on "Situated Learning and Social Media"] ]]></description>
<dc:subject>education learning teaching unschooling deschooling lcproject tcsnmy situationist situatedlearning jeanlave pedagogy socialmedia lifelonglearning cooperative apprenticeships fieldtrips cooking gardening interaction experientiallearning cognition edtech étiennewenger</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:socialmedia"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:lifelonglearning"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:cooperative"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:apprenticeships"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:fieldtrips"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:cooking"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:gardening"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:interaction"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:experientiallearning"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:cognition"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:edtech"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:étiennewenger"/>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.fastcodesign.com/1664107/the-future-of-college-forget-lectures-and-let-the-students-lead">
    <title>The Future Of College: Forget Lectures And Let The Students Lead | Co.Design</title>
    <dc:date>2011-06-25T03:58:37+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.fastcodesign.com/1664107/the-future-of-college-forget-lectures-and-let-the-students-lead</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["The technological power of the "cloud" as an aggregator of global knowledge & social network capital combines w/ natural tendency to learn through sharing & playing to create a multidimensional, interconnected network that solves complex problems. Simply put: Purpose & play drive learning.

These students help us discern what is valuable about higher-ed learning & what needs to be shed to save it from complete ossification. The insular nature of academia could lead to its demise, but these students also see tremendous value in its ability to incubate. Unis become testing grounds where students can find mentors, receive funding, & iterate initiatives with real-world consequences. The design community can debate where innovation comes from, but we can no longer look to authoritarian, top-down dictation to drive societal change. If the blossoming of this pattern doesn’t point to a new trend in education, then it at least represents what these higher-ed institutions must become."]]></description>
<dc:subject>unschooling deschooling hierarchy trungle highereducation highered colleges universities organizations education learning mentoring mentorship apprenticeships problemsolving criticalthinking realworld entrepreneurship lcproject johndewey life sugatamitra peterthiel via:lukeneff play purpose academia networkedlearning networks cloud socialnetworks authority authoritarianism</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:56263d0100b8/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:authority"/>
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<item rdf:about="http://trackosaurusrex.com/pblog/index.php?entry=entry110601-101037">
    <title>trackosaurus rex - Jake Ricker for Tracko once again!</title>
    <dc:date>2011-06-04T23:16:44+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://trackosaurusrex.com/pblog/index.php?entry=entry110601-101037</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Remember the Revival World Premiere Jam back in 2009? Well...it's 2011 and Jake just got back from the Yamaguchi Frame Building School in Rifle, CO. A few Polaroids, 6 rolls of film and about a hours worth of keyboard time and this is what we got from our now bearded friend up in Seattle (Damn Hippie, I'm proud of you)."

"I have no clue where to begin my story of attending the Yamaguchi frame building school. I'm not a good writer so I will do my best to share my two week experience in Rifle, Colorado with you. All I can say is Koichi Yamaguchi might be one of the most amazing persons I have ever meet, let alone learn from."]]></description>
<dc:subject>bikes biking yamaguchi colorado rifle yamaguchiframebuildingschool trackosaurus 2011 education apprenticeships</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:a58b48535dd2/</dc:identifier>
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<item rdf:about="http://blog.frankchimero.com/post/5452660192/reading-readiness-a-little-bit-on-a-lot">
    <title>Frank Chimero - Reading Readiness—A Little Bit on A Lot</title>
    <dc:date>2011-05-14T19:05:25+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://blog.frankchimero.com/post/5452660192/reading-readiness-a-little-bit-on-a-lot</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["…the student seeks out the master & their tutelage. More than tips, tricks, & practices, the understanding is that the thing of enduring value that is being transmitted is knowledge & wisdom, which opens a way to method. The student arrives & the master questions their abilities. Often, the student gets turned away. The purpose of the master turning away the student or questioning their intentions is to underline the importance of readiness."

"The lesson of the master is that if one isn’t ready to face a large task (say, a wall of text), they should not even try. “Go away,” the master usually says. Come back later, when you have more presence and mindfulness, Frank. Readiness may be in 20 minutes, later in the week, in a few months, possibly never."

"We should allow ourselves to leave behind the things we are not ready for; we may come back to it later. Instead, we should read hard on the things to which we are ready. It is then that we may be better students."]]></description>
<dc:subject>teaching learning justinintimelearning writing wisdom reading attention blogs blogging readiness life knowledge apprenticeships unschooling deschooling timing education students tcsnmy lcproject meaning sensemaking audiencesofone frankchimero makingsense</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:857c46cf1fea/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:blogging"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:audiencesofone"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:frankchimero"/>
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<item rdf:about="http://eideneurolearningblog.blogspot.com/2011/02/smart-plus-lessons-from-trumps.html">
    <title>Eide Neurolearning Blog: Smart Plus: Lessons from Trump's Apprentice</title>
    <dc:date>2011-03-13T05:02:45+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://eideneurolearningblog.blogspot.com/2011/02/smart-plus-lessons-from-trumps.html</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["This overseas business teacher pointed out several 'hidden problems' that were discovered in his 'apprentices':

1. academically brilliant students often more aloof, pull down group
2. passing the buck / hogging work
3. overlooking fundamental facts
4. not listening to other team members
5. taking a stand or not taking enough
6. witholding information
7. cannot evaluate flaws
8. not finishing work
9. political intrigues
10. conflict-seeking behavior."]]></description>
<dc:subject>todiscuss classideas tcsnmy groups groupwork cooperation collaboration apprenticeships behavior conflict teams teaching groupdynamics</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:1c9f47735046/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:tcsnmy"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:groups"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:behavior"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:conflict"/>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://mfeldstein.com/diy-u-digital-apprenticeship-and-the-modern-guild-3/">
    <title>DIY U: Digital Apprenticeship and the Modern Guild | e-Literate</title>
    <dc:date>2011-02-22T12:51:11+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://mfeldstein.com/diy-u-digital-apprenticeship-and-the-modern-guild-3/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Jim Groom suggested apprenticeship might be a good model for networked learning, particularly for those students who are not auto-didactic…a model that is well understood, can work for a variety of topics in less formal settings, can get learners productive on certain tasks quickly, & can get the benefits of scale by using modern communications technologies…So in this post, I’m going to consider the question of what it would take to embed apprenticeship into the fabric of our society as a broadly accepted career path across a wide range of career types…

If it’s really going to take hold, then digital apprenticeship has to be very clearly class-leveling rather than class-perpetuating. But what would that look like? How can we craft a modern apprenticeship relationship that has a close bi-directional apprentice/master relationship and is economically leveling?"]]></description>
<dc:subject>apprenticeships education highschool colleges universities learning digitalapprenticeships jimgroom highereducation highered edupunk diyu training via:leighblackall school-to-work vocational michaelfeldstein</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:bcd8e98fd574/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:via:leighblackall"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:school-to-work"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:vocational"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:michaelfeldstein"/>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=CAVIOrW3vYAC">
    <title>Situated learning: legitimate peripheral participation ... - Google Books</title>
    <dc:date>2011-02-13T16:11:36+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=CAVIOrW3vYAC</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["In this important theoretical treatise, Jean Lave, anthropologist, and Etienne Wenger, computer scientist, push forward the notion of situated learning--that learning is fundamentally a social process and not solely in the learner's head. The authors maintain that learning viewed as situated activity has as its central defining characteristic a process they call legitimate peripheral participation. Learners participate in communities of practitioners, moving toward full participation in the sociocultural practices of a community. Legitimate peripheral participation provides a way to speak about crucial relations between newcomers and oldtimers and about their activities, identities, artifacts, knowledge and practice. The communities discussed in the book are midwives, tailors, quartermasters, butchers, and recovering alcoholics, however, the process by which participants in those communities learn can be generalized to other social groups."]]></description>
<dc:subject>situatedlearning learning education books jeanlave society social community tcsnmy lcproject apprenticeships practice relationships situationist participatory participation peripheralparticipation process via:leighblackall étiennewenger</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:19e3358bcdfc/</dc:identifier>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.newcultureoflearning.com/">
    <title>A New Culture of Learning: Cultivating the Imagination for a World of Constant Change by DOUGLAS THOMAS and JOHN SEELY BROWN</title>
    <dc:date>2011-01-03T08:46:39+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.newcultureoflearning.com/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["The 21st century is a world in constant change. In A New Culture of Learning, Douglas Thomas and John Seely Brown take up the challenge of understanding how the forces of change can not only be managed, but how they inspire and invite us to imagine a future of learning that is as powerful as it is optimistic. This is a book that looks at the challenges that our education and learning environment face in a fresh way.

By exploring play, innovation, and the cultivation of the imagination as cornerstones of learning, Thomas and Brown create a vision of learning for the future that is easily achievable and that grows along with the technology that fosters it and the people that engage with it. It is a guide book for arc of life learning that shows us why we neither need to fear nor resist change, but how we can learn to embrace change as a way to follow our passions and make sense of a world that is constantly growing, evolving and changing."]]></description>
<dc:subject>education books learning johnseelybrown douglasthomas internet informal informallearning play innovation creativity future unschooling lcproject tcsnmy deschooling connectivism apprenticeships mentoring mentorship change</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:5d40189a1ddd/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:tcsnmy"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:deschooling"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:connectivism"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:apprenticeships"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:mentorship"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:change"/>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://caterina.net/wp-archives/55">
    <title>Caterina.net » Tinkering as Learning</title>
    <dc:date>2011-01-03T08:27:26+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://caterina.net/wp-archives/55</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["John Seely Brown…has a new book coming out soon, The New Culture of Learning…download first 3 chapters from the site.

He talks a lot about one of my pet subjects, Community Mentoring, the apprenticeship model of education:

"Where traditionally mentoring was a means of enculturating members into a community, mentoring in the collective relies more on the sense of learning and developing temporary, peer-to-peer relationships that are fluid and impermanent. Expertise is shared openly and willingly, without regard to an institutional mission. Instead, expertise is shared conditionally and situationally, as a way to enable the agency of other members of the collective."

as well as a dozen other favorite topics of mine: play as a means of learning, constraints as a stimulus for, rather than an inhibition of, creativity, and so on. I wish I could figure out how to get my hands on the whole book. There is a great page of resources on the site as well, for further exploration."]]></description>
<dc:subject>johnseelybrown caterinafake tinkering learning mentoring mentorship creativity inhibition education books toread collective collectivism sharing unschooling deschooling lcproject community apprenticeships newcultureoflearning online web internet change peer-to-peer peers relationships informallearning</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:805ea3681d66/</dc:identifier>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://sesatschool.org/blog/?page_id=2">
    <title>About « Sesat Blog [Quote from David Albert's &quot;And the Skylark Sings with Me&quot;]</title>
    <dc:date>2010-12-24T07:47:22+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://sesatschool.org/blog/?page_id=2</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Our vision of the perfect learning environment is a library, but like none we have ever encountered. The library would have books and videos and tapes and computers, but that would be just the beginning. There would be lots of librarians, or more accurately “docents” — guides to the trails of knowledge. Primary docents would provide instruction in the technologies necessary to utilize the available resources. … There would be a vast learning exchange of skills, from basic mathematics to auto mechanics. There would be lending libraries of tools and materials, from carpenter’s saws and hammers, to biologists’ microscopes, to astronomers’ telescopes. There would be organized classes, learning support groups, and lectures. Self-evaluation tools would be available for learners to measure their own progress.

There would be large gardens and orchards, staffed by botanists and farmers, where students would learn to grow fruits and vegetables, and home economists who would teach their preparation and storage. There would be apprenticeships for virtually everything kind of employment the community requires.

There would be rites of passage and celebration of subject or skill mastery. There would be storytellers and community historians, drawn from the community’s older members. Seniors would play a vital role in preparing young children to make use of all the library has to offer.

The library would be the community’s hub and its heart. It would be supported the usual ways we support schools, through public taxation, but all users, both children and adults, would be required to contribute time to the library’s success."]]></description>
<dc:subject>lcproject davidalbert andtheskylarksingswithme learning unschooling education deschooling caterinafake libraries library librarydesign design schooldesign community apprenticeships gardens gardening parenting farming tools storytelling mentoring agriculture</dc:subject>
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<item rdf:about="http://caterina.net/wp-archives/49">
    <title>Caterina.net» Blog Archive » Cheating vs. Learning</title>
    <dc:date>2010-12-24T05:56:52+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://caterina.net/wp-archives/49</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Teaching from a textbook is almost always crappy teaching, so the whole system is flawed. It seems to me that cheating is the almost inevitable consequence of test-giving and test-taking. It doesn’t have to be this way. The best method for assessing learning progress is self-assessment, with the input of someone passionate and knowledgeable about the subject. This would require a lot of trust in the student, but also more work on the part of the teacher — who would not really be a teacher at all, in the traditional sense, but a person in love with a certain topic, probably a practitioner of the subject in question, maybe retired, maybe active.

Here’s my idea of what an ideal school would be like, borrowed from David Albert’s book And the Skylark Sings with Me a book about a family’s experience in home and community based education. It’s how I’ve envisioned, but never articulated, my own perfect school. "]]></description>
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<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:7f3439df9917/</dc:identifier>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://collegeunbound.org/">
    <title>College Unbound</title>
    <dc:date>2010-10-31T20:34:42+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://collegeunbound.org/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["College Unbound is designed to harness the passion of students. By connecting students with live-learning (internship) experiences that are rich with working knowledge and building skills, students become immersed in their learning. College Unbound is a vibrant, fast-paced learning environment. The College Unbound program brings educational concepts and theories to life and unites personal motivation and discipline with progressive coursework and real-world learning."]]></description>
<dc:subject>alternativeeducation college dennislittky education progressive innovation highereducation schools teaching learning creativity lcproject internships apprenticeships unschooling deschooling experientiallearning realworld collgeunbound rhodeisland providence</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:1d5f364f3b31/</dc:identifier>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.poszu.com/2010/06/22/learning-from-a-pattern-language/">
    <title>P.O.S.Z.U. » Learning from A Pattern Language</title>
    <dc:date>2010-09-27T22:30:05+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.poszu.com/2010/06/22/learning-from-a-pattern-language/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[[Wayback: http://web.archive.org/web/20100701115028/http://www.poszu.com/2010/06/22/learning-from-a-pattern-language/ ]

"In short, the educational system so radically decentralized becomes congruent with the urban structure itself. People of all walks of life come forth, and offer a class in the things they know and love: professionals and workgroups offer apprenticeships in their offices and workshops, old people offer to teach whatever their life work and interest has been, specialists offer tutoring in their special subjects. Living and learning are the same. It is not hard to imagine that eventually every third or fourth household with have at least one person in it who is offering a class or training of some kind.”"

[via: http://bettyann.tumblr.com/post/1198788931 ]]]></description>
<dc:subject>christopheralexander apatternlanguage education learning urban urbanism schools decentralization apprenticeships deschooling unschooling tcsnmy openstudio life glvo sharing openschools teaching lcproject 1977</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:9fb99e81513e/</dc:identifier>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.dailyfinance.com/story/investing/seven-reasons-not-to-send-your-kids-to-college/19572537/">
    <title>Seven Reasons Not to Send Your Kids to College [and five alternatives] - DailyFinance</title>
    <dc:date>2010-08-05T09:39:35+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.dailyfinance.com/story/investing/seven-reasons-not-to-send-your-kids-to-college/19572537/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Imagine a retirement where you could have an extra $1million to $3 million in the bank with basically no effort. Now imagine telling your kids that you aren't going to send them to college. And, you go on, you want them to immediately start a business or get to work as soon as they finish high school.

These are difficult things to imagine because we've been so scammed by the "career industry" that tells us we need college degrees in order to succeed in life, regardless of how much money we spend for those degrees or what we actually do with our lives during the four to eight years it takes us to get those degrees.

But in my view, the entire college degree industry is a scam, a self-perpetuating Ponzi scheme that needs to stop right now."]]></description>
<dc:subject>colleges universities highereducation highered cost debt alternative jamesaltucher ponzischemes bubbles higheredbubble unschooling deschooling glvo education learning entrepreneurship income travel handson apprenticeships internships</dc:subject>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.notgoingtouni.co.uk/">
    <title>notgoingtouni.co.uk</title>
    <dc:date>2010-08-03T03:52:38+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.notgoingtouni.co.uk/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["notgoingtouni.co.uk is dedicated to helping young people make informed decisions about their future by showing the opportunities that exist outside of university. University is great for many people & UCAS has long existed to show students the courses available. notgoingtouni.co.uk shows the other side and can be described as the ‘non-graduate UCAS’."
]]></description>
<dc:subject>apprenticeships careers jobs education unschooling alternative deschooling</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:5bc8a99dc9f2/</dc:identifier>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.pdscompasspoint.com/more-educator-luddites-please">
    <title>More Educator Luddites Please | The Compass Point</title>
    <dc:date>2010-07-29T22:43:20+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.pdscompasspoint.com/more-educator-luddites-please</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["The educator luddites I have in mind are people who have always understand school to be more than  test prep and who see themselves as far more than the agents of a standardized testing industry. I see them leading the way to create inquiry driven schools where students and teachers are not too busy to think. Schools where the technology serves the learning rather than drives the teaching and where the demand for original work is a collaborate effort to solve compelling problems to which no one present knows the answer. In such a school, the curriculum is not driven by the textbook, the flow of information is not unidirectional, learning is networked and students and teachers work together across the boundaries of age and experience as active seekers, users and creators of knowledge. In this rosy picture, individual schools form a kind of globally aware and networked cottage industry of creative learning."

[via first comment at: http://weblogg-ed.com/2010/the-new-storywhos-doing-it/ ]]]></description>
<dc:subject>education learning educatorluddites unschooling deschooling apprenticeships mentorships autodidacts progressive cv tcsnmy technology internet web hierarchy organizations toshare topost gamechanging whatmatters michaelwesch neilpostman charlesweingartner maxinegreene elizabetheinstein socrates literacy citizenship civilization society standardizedtesting student-led participatory crapdetection mentorship autodidactism</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:726a0951079b/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:deschooling"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:apprenticeships"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:mentorships"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:autodidacts"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:tcsnmy"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:technology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:internet"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:web"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:hierarchy"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:organizations"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:gamechanging"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:michaelwesch"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:neilpostman"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:charlesweingartner"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:maxinegreene"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:civilization"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:society"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:standardizedtesting"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:crapdetection"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:mentorship"/>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.inthesetimes.com/article/6194/what_we_can_learn/">
    <title>What We Can Learn: An Excerpt from Were You Born on the Wrong Continent? -- In These Time</title>
    <dc:date>2010-07-26T19:05:39+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.inthesetimes.com/article/6194/what_we_can_learn/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Why are kids in Germany paying [union] dues, voluntarily [and in increasing numbers]?
...It’s not Marx but John Dewey whose picture should be in the lobby of...Social Democratic Party. It’s Dewey who believed that schools should not just teach practical skills but explain why kids have to be political, to be citizens, to get into labor movements to protect skills they are acquiring. One can say that union membership is a “tradition” in certain industries. But that’s just an opaque way of saying that kids get politicized both at home & school as they go through Dual Track...

The answer to problems of our country is education, but not the kind we’re pursuing, i.e., jamming more kids into college or even teaching practical skills; instead, it’s teaching them how, politically, to cut themselves a better deal. As long as that’s going on, it’s impossible to write off the European or, more specifically, the German model."

 [Quote from page 2. Via: http://www.tuttlesvc.org/2010/07/sometimes-we-try-japanese-model-of-work.html ]]]></description>
<dc:subject>germany japan us johndewey education citizenship democracy socialdemocracy socialism unions organization labor rights apprenticeships skills politics vocational self-interest</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:aae68d703d27/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:organization"/>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://learningfromeachother.blogspot.com/2010/06/my-vision-for-education.html">
    <title>Listen, Learn, Share: My Vision for Education [Another &quot;vision of the future of education&quot; that approximates what we've been up to at TCSNMY. Now to eliminate grade levels completely.]</title>
    <dc:date>2010-07-03T23:50:29+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://learningfromeachother.blogspot.com/2010/06/my-vision-for-education.html</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["...implementation of apprenticeship model. Grade levels where EVERY student has to move up at end of 9-10 month cycle do not exist. Not to mention fact that if student isn't able to move up at end of cycle he has to wait another 12 months for opportunity to move up again. Instead of grade levels, students just move to next topic/skill.

The activities would center either on completion of a project or solving a problem that requires use of current & topics being studied. People, like parents, w/ real live jobs relating to these issues can serve as mentors, guest speakers, & knowledge resources. Students would be able to choose which problem or project they wish to complete based on their interests.

Gone also are the needs for standardized testing & various abuses of proficiency data relating to teacher & school evaluations. Are students growing? ...moving forward? If not, why?... Community is built into the school. Students help one another. Collaboration is encouraged..."]]></description>
<dc:subject>education future tcsnmy lcproject cv schools learning projectbasedlearning collaboration community progressive teaching customization abritrary gradelevels standardizedtesting proficiency problemsolving apprenticeships mentoring mentors pbl</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:027e99b56c97/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:gradelevels"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:standardizedtesting"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:mentors"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:pbl"/>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=32kNY0YQhT0&amp;feature=youtu.be">
    <title>YouTube - JP Rangaswami - 2020 Shaping Ideas</title>
    <dc:date>2010-07-03T20:55:43+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=32kNY0YQhT0&amp;feature=youtu.be</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["JP Rangaswami is chairman of the social enterprise School of Everything. In 2020 - Shaping Ideas he talks about how the educational institutions of the past have overlooked our human urge to feel free and to participate. In social networks and the open source movement he sees the potential for a whole new approach to learning." 

[Also at: http://www.ericsson.com/campaign/20about2020/jp-rangaswami.html#video-4 ]
]]></description>
<dc:subject>jprangaswami learning learningbydoing tcsnmy change schools socialnetworks opensource lcproject mentorship apprenticeships 2010 relationships schoolwithoutwalls toshare topost communication teaching wikipedia cheating</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:e7f8b390068e/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:tcsnmy"/>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://journal.davidbyrne.com/2010/05/052910-arts-n-crafts.html">
    <title>David Byrne's Journal: 05.29.10: Arts ’n’ Crafts</title>
    <dc:date>2010-06-22T08:16:51+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://journal.davidbyrne.com/2010/05/052910-arts-n-crafts.html</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["artists who work in certain materials have, for decades, usually had trouble being taken seriously as fine artists. Glassblowers, ceramicists, textile workers, furniture makers &, until a few decades ago, photographers were all not usually welcome in fine art galleries or the museums that show fine art… unless it was a show dedicated to only ceramics, for example.

There were exceptions, but until quite recently those were rare. If we ignore Duchamp, whose work implied that anything could be art if he said it was, the restrictions have held firm, though photography broke the barrier first in a big way.

...

Part of this snobbish attitude goes back to the Renaissance. In order for painters to separate themselves from the various craft guilds, & establish their own worth, they had to form the idea that expression, concept and idea were worth at least (and maybe more, in their opinion) as much as skilled craftsmanship..."]]></description>
<dc:subject>crafts davidbyrne photography art glvo ceramics textiles cv snobbery artworld glass furniture renaissance history guilds galleries apprenticeships</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:3d4ef806d2a1/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:davidbyrne"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:art"/>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://speedchange.blogspot.com/2010/06/returning-school-to-humanity.html">
    <title>SpeEdChange: Returning School to Humanity</title>
    <dc:date>2010-06-21T14:32:33+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://speedchange.blogspot.com/2010/06/returning-school-to-humanity.html</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["we expect students to be "on time" not because it is educationally important [NBIIEI]...but because we are training workers to be on time. We create "standards" for each grade level NBIIEI...but because we are teaching single-tasking & work conformity. We test individually, blocking collaboration (which we call "cheating") NBIIEI...but because we are manufacturing workers for assembly line. 

While people worry about testing averages, about whether schools should be run as public goods or for corporate profit, about number of school days, about what topics to emphasize, the real question, as the 21st Century rolls on, needs to be the very designed structure of our schools. They were created by a certain kind of society for a certain kind of economic reality. Whether that was ever good or bad is a question for another time, but for today I believe we need to begin to return our schools back to the "natural humanity" of the time before the assembly line began to rule our lives."]]></description>
<dc:subject>irasocol schools prussia us history industrialization education learning tcsnmy change reform unschooling deschooling policy progressive individualized standards standardizedtesting cheating collaboration factoryschools factories apprenticeships mentoring mentorship hiddencurriculum curriculum rules grades grading gradelevels purpose taskoriented</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:e4ea77342aea/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:tcsnmy"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:cheating"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:collaboration"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:factoryschools"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:factories"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:apprenticeships"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:mentorship"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:hiddencurriculum"/>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.caterina.net/archive/001234.html">
    <title>Caterina.net: Want to be an entrepreneur? Drop out of college.</title>
    <dc:date>2010-04-30T03:14:15+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.caterina.net/archive/001234.html</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["College works on the factory model, & is in many ways not suited to training entrepreneurs. You put in a student & out comes a scholar.

Entrepreneurship works on apprenticeship model...best way to learn how to be entrepreneur is to start a company & seek advice of successful entrepreneur in area you are interested...Take a few years off & you're behind the times. Some publishers have asked Chris to collate his blog posts on entrepreneurship...What's the point, it'd be out of date by the time it hit bookstores...

basic skills necessary to start tech company—design or coding—re skills that can be learned outside of academy, & are often self-taught...

I was on verge of attending grad school to get a PhD in Renaissance poetry - my lost careers...writer, artist or academic. Do I regret spending all that time poring over Shakespeare when I could have been getting a jump start on competition? Not at all. There's no money in poetry, but then again, there's no poetry in money either."]]></description>
<dc:subject>startup twitter entrepreneurship college advice autodidacts self-education learning apprenticeships tcsnmy alternative change caterinafake evanwilliams fredwilson robkalin etsy markzuckerberg billgates stevejobs dropouts life glvo edg srg autodidactism</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/b:9b2dfb190894/</dc:identifier>
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<item rdf:about="http://dmlcentral.net/blog/john-jones/apprenticeship-20-could-fuel-21st-century-learning">
    <title>Apprenticeship 2.0 Could Fuel 21st Century Learning | DMLcentral</title>
    <dc:date>2010-03-05T06:16:23+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://dmlcentral.net/blog/john-jones/apprenticeship-20-could-fuel-21st-century-learning</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["A number of educational theorists are advocating increased attention on teaching students skills, rather than merely focusing on their mastery of abstract content. Influential reports like Henry Jenkins, et al.'s "Confronting the Challenges of Participatory Culture: Media Education for the 21st Century" & the New Media Consortium's Horizon Project have outlined the skills that students need to be active participants in new media culture. As educators working with digital media, we need to begin to seriously think of our work as a form of apprenticeship, where we ask ourselves: what sorts of skills are we modeling for our students? And how are those skills preparing them for the future?

...With an educational model based on apprenticeship, educators could deemphasize the role of rote memorization and testing that are now used to rank and sort students, and rather focus on mastering the skills that students need to be engaged citizens in the digital age."]]></description>
<dc:subject>digitalhumanities training skills teaching henryjenkins apprenticeships memorization rotelearning schools technology tcsnmy rote</dc:subject>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:rotelearning"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:robertogreco/t:schools"/>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://joi.ito.com/weblog/2010/02/28/formal-vs-infor.html">
    <title>Formal vs informal education - Joi Ito's Web</title>
    <dc:date>2010-02-28T23:50:53+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://joi.ito.com/weblog/2010/02/28/formal-vs-infor.html</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["[My sister an I] were discussing formal learning vs informal learning & how I probably survived because I had the privilege of having access to smart people & mentors, support of an understanding mother, an interest driven obsessive personality & access to the Internet. I completely agree that improving formal education & lowering dropout rates is extremely important, but I wonder how many people have personalities or interests that aren't really that suited for formal education, at least in its current form.

I wonder how many people there are like me who can't engage well w/ formal education, but don't have mentors or access to Internet & end up dropping out despite having a good formal education available to them. Is there a way to support & acknowledge importance of informal learning & allow those of us who work better in interest & self-motivated learning to do so w/out the social stigma & lack of support that is currently associated w/ dropping out of formal education?"]]></description>
<dc:subject>joiito mimiito formal informal informallearning informaleducation networkedlearning formaleducation tcsnmy support lcproject learning unschooling deschooling mentorship apprenticeships learningstyles learningnetworks</dc:subject>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.elearnspace.org/blog/2010/02/18/lack-of-sympathy/#comment-38821">
    <title>elearnspace › Lack of Sympathy</title>
    <dc:date>2010-02-28T08:00:48+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.elearnspace.org/blog/2010/02/18/lack-of-sympathy/#comment-38821</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Before universities existed, most people learned by apprenticeship. As Harold points out, before WWII universities apprenticed elites; priests, doctor, scholars, teachers, etc. . .. The mode of learning was still an apprenticeship model and most elite education ended with a very specific apprenticeship practice like a dissertation or medical residency, or for the wealthy, an initiation into “the club”. But educational theory ignored the way things worked and stressed knowledge over doing, knowledge that was represented by a degree.

Many people are now finding out that a degree correlated with higher incomes, but did not necessarily cause them. Knowledge alone proves to be no covering, the emperor has no clothes. We may not be blacksmiths or leather tanners, but evolution has not changed us that much and we still learn in much the same way as we always have, by watching other people do things. I think education would be better off if it focused on doing instead of knowing."]]></description>
<dc:subject>education knowledge apprenticeships history learning degrees credentials doing do deschooling unschooling colleges universities</dc:subject>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://createhere.org/culture/plugdin">
    <title>CreateHere | Culture | Plugdin</title>
    <dc:date>2010-02-24T08:40:15+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://createhere.org/culture/plugdin</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Companies big and small use internships to gauge if they want to hire young people. Internship programs and their purveyors are invaluable tools in cultivating and retaining a pool of talented professionals locally.

But young people also use internships to try on a career while building a resume. We want to see these individuals meet their perfect professional matches, and their best case scenarios, by providing them with a community that is as engaging as it is formative.

Plugdin is a citywide residency program that reaches Chattanooga’s interns across disciplines, engages work- and off-hours, and cultivates leadership skills. We’re not a discipline-specific program: field training is a matter best reserved for the workplace, no?"]]></description>
<dc:subject>lcproject internships careers mentorship apprenticeships learning training unschooling deschooling chattanooga tennessee</dc:subject>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.connectivism.ca/?p=220">
    <title>Teaching in Social and Technological Networks « Connectivism</title>
    <dc:date>2010-02-20T06:39:11+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.connectivism.ca/?p=220</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["social & technological networks subvert the classroom-based role of the teacher. Networks thin classroom walls. Experts are no longer “out there” or “over there”. Skype brings anyone, from anywhere, into a classroom. Students are not confined to interacting with only the ideas of a researcher or theorist...The largely unitary voice of the traditional teacher is fragmented by the limitless conversation opportunities available in networks. When learners have control of the tools of conversation, they also control the conversations in which they choose to engage. Course content is similarly fragmented. The textbook is now augmented with YouTube videos, online articles, simulations, Second Life builds, virtual museums, Diigo content trails, StumpleUpon reflections, and so on...The following are roles teacher play in networked learning environments: 1. Amplifying 2. Curating 3. Wayfinding and socially-driven sensemaking 4. Aggregating 5. Filtering 6. Modelling 7. Persistent presence"
]]></description>
<dc:subject>connectivism teaching learning technology education networking socialmedia georgesiemens wayfinding unschooling deschooling networkedlearning tcsnmy lcproject curation filtering modeling sensemaking cv amplifying content textbooks pedagogy 21stcenturylearning openeducation highereducation networks e-learning elearning apprenticeships teacherasmasterlearner makingsense</dc:subject>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.jarche.com/2010/01/learning-is-the-work/">
    <title>Harold Jarche » Learning is the Work</title>
    <dc:date>2010-01-16T07:36:27+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.jarche.com/2010/01/learning-is-the-work/</link>
    <dc:creator>robertogreco</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["One of the most effective mechanisms for knowledge transfer which has emerged in human history is the apprentice scheme. via @snowded: "Highly ritualised in medieval times with the apprentice walking the boards once they had reached a certain level of competence to become Journeymen. Then, for some the execution of the master work to become one of the company masters. Dress changed at each stage as did obligation. The educational model was also community based. Journeymen also educated apprentices and were often better able to do so than the masters. While in the early stages of knowledge transfer there was a degree of rote learning, increasingly the apprentice learnt by practice and by tolerated failure. They did not copy the master, they adapted with variance and as such the body of knowledge progressed, it was not transferred as a static entity – something all too common in most KM [knowledge management] programmes – but as a living, breathing and changing practice.""
]]></description>
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