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    <title>Pinboard (cshalizi)</title>
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    <description>recent bookmarks from cshalizi</description>
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      <rdf:Seq>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11023-025-09755-8"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://knightcolumbia.org/content/ai-as-normal-technology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.3982/ECTA19815"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195074772.001.0001"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://www.versobooks.com/books/3717-automation-and-the-future-of-work"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://yalepress.yale.edu/book.asp?isbn=9780300195668"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2417606"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://prospect.org/article/it%E2%80%99s-not-skills-gap-that%E2%80%99s-holding-wages-down-its-weak-economy-among-other-things"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.kc.frb.org/publicat/sympos/2014/093014.pdf"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.interfluidity.com/v2/5302.html"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://paleofuture.gizmodo.com/no-tech-adoption-is-not-speeding-up-1565326373"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.technologyreview.com/featuredstory/429690/why-we-cant-solve-big-problems/"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-11-06/million-dollar-traders-replaced-with-machines-credit-markets.html"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://rpm47.blogspot.com/2012/04/price-elasticity-of-labor-saving.html"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.peterfrase.com/2012/03/technological-grotesques/"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.antipope.org/charlie/blog-static/2012/02/life-with-and-without-animated.html"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://approachingpavonis.blogspot.com/2011/09/fifty-years-redux.html"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/07/opinion/07krugman.html"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://krugman.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/03/06/autor-autor/"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.press.jhu.edu/books/title_pages/2859.html"/>
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  </channel><item rdf:about="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11023-025-09755-8">
    <title>Decreasing Disruption and Increasing Concentration of Artificial Intelligence | Minds and Machines | Springer Nature Link</title>
    <dc:date>2026-04-09T13:32:20+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11023-025-09755-8</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["This paper examines the development of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies from 1976 to 2020 and investigates the socio-economic factors driving its evolution. Using a large-scale dataset of AI patents and a novel measure called the pairwise disruption index (PDI), we trace the social drivers of AI disruption and investigate the underlying mechanisms. Our analysis focuses on three key dimensions of the knowledge base emphasized in innovation theories: government support, R&D capacity, and inventor human capital. Results reveal (1) a clear trend of AI technologies becoming concentrated within well-resourced institutions, consistent with the theory of intellectual monopoly capitalism; and (2) while both macro-level factors—such as government support and corporate R&D capabilities—and micro-level factors—such as R&D team size—contribute to this concentration, macro-level forces exert a stronger influence overall. Among them, government support has the most substantial impact, and organizational R&D capacity has become an increasingly dominant driver in recent years. This study provides a systematic assessment of the socio-economic forces shaping AI development, complements the intellectual monopoly theory, and highlights concerns over declining technological disruption and increasing concentration in the AI sector."

--- My skepticism starts with the fundamental measurement of "disruption" and goes on from there.  There is no reason this regressand should be linear in those regressor variables, and there is no comparison to other sectors / areas of technology.  Look for replication data and see if it might make a good problem set?]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB technological_change economics artificial_intelligence</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:1b73bcd59027/</dc:identifier>
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<item rdf:about="https://knightcolumbia.org/content/ai-as-normal-technology">
    <title>AI as Normal Technology | Knight First Amendment Institute</title>
    <dc:date>2025-08-16T13:22:13+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://knightcolumbia.org/content/ai-as-normal-technology</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[--- I remember reading this when it was on the authors' website, haven't checked for how much it may have been revised.  Bookmarking this as the reference version.]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB have_read large_language_models_(so_called) artificial_intelligence technological_change economics</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:2e882dbe8e63/</dc:identifier>
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<item rdf:about="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.3982/ECTA19815">
    <title>Tasks, Automation, and the Rise in U.S. Wage Inequality - Acemoglu - 2022 - Econometrica - Wiley Online Library</title>
    <dc:date>2022-12-27T19:02:50+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.3982/ECTA19815</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["We document that between 50% and 70% of changes in the U.S. wage structure over the last four decades are accounted for by relative wage declines of worker groups specialized in routine tasks in industries experiencing rapid automation. We develop a conceptual framework where tasks across industries are allocated to different types of labor and capital. Automation technologies expand the set of tasks performed by capital, displacing certain worker groups from jobs for which they have comparative advantage. This framework yields a simple equation linking wage changes of a demographic group to the task displacement it experiences. We report robust evidence in favor of this relationship and show that regression models incorporating task displacement explain much of the changes in education wage differentials between 1980 and 2016. The negative relationship between wage changes and task displacement is unaffected when we control for changes in market power, deunionization, and other forms of capital deepening and technology unrelated to automation. We also propose a methodology for evaluating the full general equilibrium effects of automation, which incorporate induced changes in industry composition and ripple effects due to task reallocation across different groups. Our quantitative evaluation explains how major changes in wage inequality can go hand-in-hand with modest productivity gains."

--- Last tag applies.]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB inequality economics technological_change class_struggles_in_america color_me_skeptical to_teach:statistics_of_inequality_and_discrimination</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:40bc70bbc23d/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:color_me_skeptical"/>
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<item rdf:about="https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195074772.001.0001">
    <title>Lever of Riches: Technological Creativity and Economic Progress - Oxford Scholarship</title>
    <dc:date>2021-01-23T06:12:56+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195074772.001.0001</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["In a world of supercomputers, genetic engineering, and fiber optics, technological creativity is ever more the key to economic success. But why are some nations more creative than others, and why do some highly innovative societies—such as ancient China, or Britain in the industrial revolution—pass into stagnation? Beginning with a history of technological progress, the book traces the major inventions and innovations that have transformed society since ancient Greece and Rome. What emerges from this survey is often surprising: the classical world, for instance, was largely barren of new technology; the relatively backward society of medieval Europe bristled with inventions; and the period between the Reformation and the Industrial Revolution was one of slow and unspectacular progress in technology, despite the tumultuous developments associated with the Voyages of Discovery and the Scientific Revolution. The author distinguishes between the relationship of inventors and their physical environment—which determined their willingness to challenge nature—and the social environment, which determined the openness to new ideas. He examines the differences between Europe and China, between classical antiquity and medieval Europe, and between Britain and the rest of Europe during the industrial revolution. The author also examines such aspects as the role of the state (the Chinese gave up a millennium-wide lead in shipping to the Europeans, for example, when an Emperor banned large ocean-going vessels), the impact of science, as well as religion, politics, and even nutrition. He questions the importance of such commonly cited factors as the spill-over benefits of war, the abundance of natural resources, life expectancy, and labor costs."]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB books:noted to_read economic_history technological_change mokyr.joel to_download</dc:subject>
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<item rdf:about="https://www.versobooks.com/books/3717-automation-and-the-future-of-work">
    <title>Automation and the Future of Work</title>
    <dc:date>2020-12-02T21:47:45+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://www.versobooks.com/books/3717-automation-and-the-future-of-work</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Silicon Valley titans, politicians, techno-futurists and social critics have united in arguing that we are living on the cusp of an era of rapid technological automation, heralding the end of work as we know it. But does the much-discussed “rise of the robots” really explain the jobs crisis that awaits us on the other side of the coronavirus?
"In Automation and the Future of Work, Aaron Benanav uncovers the structural economic trends that will shape our working lives far into the future. What social movements, he asks, are required to propel us into post-scarcity, if technological innovation alone can’t deliver it? In response to calls for a universal basic income that would maintain a growing army of redundant workers, he offers a counter-proposal."]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB books:noted technological_change technological_unemployment economics socialism re:in_soviet_union_optimization_problem_solves_you books:in_library books:have_suggested_to_library books:owned</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:6f9d7e3fa827/</dc:identifier>
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<item rdf:about="https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.00095">
    <title>[2012.00095] How cumulative is technological knowledge?</title>
    <dc:date>2020-12-02T15:18:53+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.00095</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Technological cumulativeness is considered one of the main mechanisms for technological progress, yet its exact meaning and dynamics often remain unclear. To develop a better understanding of this mechanism we approach a technology as a body of knowledge consisting of interlinked inventions. Technological cumulativeness can then be understood as the extent to which inventions build on other inventions within that same body of knowledge. The cumulativeness of a technology is therefore characterized by the structure of its knowledge base, which is different from, but closely related to, the size of its knowledge base. We analytically derive equations describing the relation between the cumulativeness and the size of the knowledge base. In addition, we empirically test our ideas for a number of selected technologies, using patent data. Our results suggest that cumulativeness increases proportionally with the size of the knowledge base, at a rate which varies considerably across technologies. At the same time we find that across technologies, this rate is inversely related to the rate of invention over time. This suggests that the cumulativeness increases relatively slow in rapidly growing technologies. In sum, the presented approach allows for an in-depth, systematic analysis of cumulativeness variations across technologies and the knowledge dynamics underlying technology development."]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB technological_change text_mining innovation social_measurement</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:d6b0c9cb1bcf/</dc:identifier>
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    <title>The Box: How the Shipping Container Made the World Smaller and the World Economy Bigger - Second Edition with a new chapter by the author on JSTOR</title>
    <dc:date>2020-01-25T05:34:43+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvcszztg</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[http://bactra.org/weblog/algae-2015-07.html#the-box]]></description>
<dc:subject>books:recommended globalization infrastructure technological_change economic_history the_present_before_it_was_widely_distributed downloaded</dc:subject>
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<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:0c115845373f/</dc:identifier>
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<item rdf:about="https://qz.com/968692/luddites-have-been-getting-a-bad-rap-for-200-years-but-turns-out-they-were-right/">
    <title>Luddites have been getting a bad rap for 200 years. But, turns out, they were right — Quartz</title>
    <dc:date>2017-06-20T21:55:19+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://qz.com/968692/luddites-have-been-getting-a-bad-rap-for-200-years-but-turns-out-they-were-right/</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><dc:subject>economic_history economics have_read luddites technological_change technological_unemployment</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:a29e85669f71/</dc:identifier>
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<item rdf:about="http://yalepress.yale.edu/book.asp?isbn=9780300195668">
    <title>Learning by Doing: The Real Connection between Innovation, Wages, and Wealth - James Bessen</title>
    <dc:date>2015-08-16T20:41:04+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://yalepress.yale.edu/book.asp?isbn=9780300195668</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Today’s great paradox is that we feel the impact of technology everywhere—in our cars, our phones, the supermarket, the doctor’s office—but not in our paychecks. In the past, technological advancements dramatically increased wages, but for three decades now, the median wage has remained stagnant. Machines have taken over much of the work of humans, destroying old jobs while increasing profits for business owners. The threat of ever-widening economic inequality looms, but in Learning by Doing, James Bessen argues that increased inequality is not inevitable.
"Workers can benefit by acquiring the knowledge and skills necessary to implement rapidly evolving technologies; unfortunately, this can take years, even decades. Technical knowledge is mostly unstandardized and difficult to acquire, learned through job experience rather than in the classroom. As Bessen explains, the right policies are necessary to provide strong incentives for learning on the job. Politically influential interests have moved policy in the wrong direction recently. Based on economic history as well as analysis of today’s labor markets, his book shows a way to restore broadly shared prosperity."]]></description>
<dc:subject>books:noted economics class_struggles_in_america inequality productivity computers innovation tacit_knowledge technological_change in_NB</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:e5ebcfb015ba/</dc:identifier>
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<item rdf:about="http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2417606">
    <title>Cities, Tasks and Skills by Suzanne Kok, Bas Ter Weel :: SSRN</title>
    <dc:date>2014-11-10T02:04:41+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2417606</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["This research applies a task-based approach to measure and interpret changes in the employment structure of the 168 largest US cities in the period 1990-2009. As a result of technological change some tasks can be placed at distance, while others require proximity. We construct a measure of task connectivity to investigate which tasks are more likely to require proximity relative to others. Our results suggest that cities with higher shares of connected tasks experienced higher employment growth. This result is robust to a variety of other explanations including industry composition, routinisation, and the complementarity between skills and cities."]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB economics cities re:urban_scaling_what_urban_scaling via:absfac technological_change</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:8c5c7ef6574f/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:economics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:cities"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:re:urban_scaling_what_urban_scaling"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:via:absfac"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_change"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://prospect.org/article/it%E2%80%99s-not-skills-gap-that%E2%80%99s-holding-wages-down-its-weak-economy-among-other-things">
    <title>It’s Not a Skills Gap That’s Holding Wages Down: It's the Weak Economy, Among Other Things</title>
    <dc:date>2014-10-10T19:17:09+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://prospect.org/article/it%E2%80%99s-not-skills-gap-that%E2%80%99s-holding-wages-down-its-weak-economy-among-other-things</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><dc:subject>economics technological_change technological_unemployment political_economy inequality class_struggles_in_america have_read</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:c4e27851d9ba/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:economics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_change"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_unemployment"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:political_economy"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:inequality"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:class_struggles_in_america"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:have_read"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.kc.frb.org/publicat/sympos/2014/093014.pdf">
    <title>Polanyi’s Paradox and the Shape of Employment Growth</title>
    <dc:date>2014-08-29T22:00:49+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.kc.frb.org/publicat/sympos/2014/093014.pdf</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["In 1966, the philosopher Michael Polanyi observed, “We can know more than we can tell... The skill of a driver cannot be replaced by a thorough schooling in the theory of the motorcar; the knowledge I have of my own body differs altogether from the knowledge of its physiology.” Polanyi’s observation largely predates the computer era, but the paradox he identified—that our tacit knowledge of how the world works often exceeds our explicit understanding— foretells much of the history of computerization over the past five decades. This paper offers a conceptual and empirical overview of this evolution. I begin by sketching the historical thinking about machine displacement of human labor, and then consider the contemporary incarnation of this displacement—labor market polarization, meaning the simultaneous growth of high-­‐‑ education, high-­‐‑wage and low-­‐‑education, low-­‐‑wages jobs—a manifestation of Polanyi’s paradox. I discuss both the explanatory power of the polarization phenomenon and some key puzzles that confront it. I then reflect on how recent advances in artificial intelligence and robotics should shape our thinking about the likely trajectory of occupational change and employment growth. A key observation of the paper is that journalists and expert commentators overstate the extent of machine substitution for human labor and ignore the strong complementarities. The challenges to substituting machines for workers in tasks requiring adaptability, common sense, and creativity remain immense. Contemporary computer science seeks to overcome Polanyi’s paradox by building machines that learn from human examples, thus inferring the rules that we tacitly apply but do not explicitly understand."

--- Notice that in the actual data analysis, Autor  _defines_ an occupation's skill level as where it fell in the income spectrum in 1979.  The manuscript provides nothing even remotely like a justification for this.  A more defensible interpretation of Figure 6 then is that job categories which were already well-paid have tended to become more so, while poorly-paid jobs have done worse, _except_ in the 1990s when job categories which did badly in the late 1970s had a decade of catch-up.  But for the most part, it's a rich-get-richer story.
]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB to_read tacit_knowledge economics class_struggles_in_america inequality technological_change technological_unemployment have_skimmed to:blog</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:fb6021d4ba3c/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:NB"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to_read"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:tacit_knowledge"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:economics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:class_struggles_in_america"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:inequality"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_change"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_unemployment"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:have_skimmed"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:blog"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.interfluidity.com/v2/5302.html">
    <title>interfluidity » Welfare economics: inequality, production, and technology (part 3 of a series)</title>
    <dc:date>2014-06-12T12:49:56+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.interfluidity.com/v2/5302.html</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><dc:subject>economics moral_philosophy technological_change allocative_efficiency to:blog</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:90b66d86269f/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:economics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:moral_philosophy"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_change"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:allocative_efficiency"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:blog"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://paleofuture.gizmodo.com/no-tech-adoption-is-not-speeding-up-1565326373">
    <title>No, Tech Adoption Is Not Speeding Up</title>
    <dc:date>2014-04-21T20:30:59+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://paleofuture.gizmodo.com/no-tech-adoption-is-not-speeding-up-1565326373</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><dc:subject>bad_data_analysis evisceration diffusion_of_innovations technological_change inequality the_wired_ideology to_teach the_present_before_it_was_widely_distributed to:blog</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:64466ea10cdb/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:bad_data_analysis"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:evisceration"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:diffusion_of_innovations"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_change"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:inequality"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:the_wired_ideology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to_teach"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:the_present_before_it_was_widely_distributed"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:blog"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.technologyreview.com/featuredstory/429690/why-we-cant-solve-big-problems/">
    <title>Why We Can't Solve Big Problems | MIT Technology Review</title>
    <dc:date>2012-12-03T00:00:22+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.technologyreview.com/featuredstory/429690/why-we-cant-solve-big-problems/</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[Well-said.  I would emphasize that Apollo comes at the end of ~400 years of nation-states learning how to combine military bureaucracy and industrial production to achieve very specific strategic goals, generally of the form "put X many men in position Y with materiel Z" (see McNeill's _The Pursuit of Power_).  To the extent that sort of undertaking is a social _as well as_ an engineering problem, we've got the needed social technologies pretty thoroughly developed.  Open-ended things like dealing with climate change, really not so much.]]></description>
<dc:subject>engineering technological_change institutions apollo_project visions_of_american_decline our_decrepit_institutions climate_change via:?</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:988bc4d5fd50/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:engineering"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_change"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:institutions"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:apollo_project"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:visions_of_american_decline"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:our_decrepit_institutions"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:climate_change"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:via:?"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-11-06/million-dollar-traders-replaced-with-machines-credit-markets.html">
    <title>Million-Dollar Traders Replaced With Machines Amid Cuts - Bloomberg</title>
    <dc:date>2012-11-07T19:46:54+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-11-06/million-dollar-traders-replaced-with-machines-credit-markets.html</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["UBS AG (UBSN), Switzerland’s biggest bank, fired its head of credit-default swaps index trading, David Gallers, last week, with no plan to fill the position, according to two people familiar with the matter. Instead, the bank replaced Gallers with computer algorithms that trade using mathematical models, said the people, who asked not to be identified because moves are private."

- I am just surprised this has taken so long.  It's bad news in the long term for degree programs in quantitative/computational finance...]]></description>
<dc:subject>financial_markets automation technological_change prediction data_mining finance</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:537bf29c86ac/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:financial_markets"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:automation"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_change"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:prediction"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:data_mining"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:finance"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://rpm47.blogspot.com/2012/04/price-elasticity-of-labor-saving.html">
    <title>PM's Question Time: The price elasticity of labor-saving devices</title>
    <dc:date>2012-04-08T14:53:38+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://rpm47.blogspot.com/2012/04/price-elasticity-of-labor-saving.html</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Fourth, the presentist bias in this chart is extreme in two ways. First, we forget things that we don't count as "technology" anymore (e.g., toilets, coal furnaces, sewing machines), and so they are left off. Second, we don't know what innovations are at low levels of adoption right now--imagine someone in 1960 trying to predict the adoption arc for personal computers!--and so our current rates of adoption are vastly overestimated compared to what the same chart will look like in 50 years."]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:blog visual_display_of_quantitative_information technological_change the_present_before_it_was_widely_distributed</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:d51d8d704b85/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:blog"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:visual_display_of_quantitative_information"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_change"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:the_present_before_it_was_widely_distributed"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.peterfrase.com/2012/03/technological-grotesques/">
    <title>Technological Grotesques :: Peter Frase</title>
    <dc:date>2012-03-13T12:41:52+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.peterfrase.com/2012/03/technological-grotesques/</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["So here’s a riddle: which form of technology should we prefer, labor saving or labor complementary? Labor saving technology is consistent with high wages and tight labor markets. But it also, of course, leads to less jobs overall in the sectors where it is deployed. Which brings us back to the homeless people with hotspots. Let’s imagine, for the sake of argument, that this is a legitimately profit-making business venture rather than a weird kind of charity. (And note that even as charity, the project depends on its consumers viewing it as a kind of legitimate business, a way for the homeless to engage in “productive” labor.) Putting hotspots on homeless people has to count as a labor complementary technology. From the standpoint of the wireless company, the marginal product of a homeless person’s labor is much higher (i.e., it’s non-zero) once you’ve figured out that you can attach hotspots to them. So if you think that it’s bad when machines replace human labor (which is not what I think), then this is just the kind of technical change you should prefer.
"But labor complementary technology doesn’t necessarily look so great once you’re face-to-face with the kind of labor it complements. In this case, it relies upon the existence of a cheap and exploitable labor force—something that’s obvious when you’re looking at a homeless person in a creepy t-shirt, less so when you order from an online retailer. And here’s where I think a lot of the outrage over homeless-people-as-infrastructure goes wrong.
"I don’t recall seeing a lot of complaints about the problem of homelessness in Austin prior to this story. Which I don’t mean as some kind of “gotcha”—the world is full of horrible things, and it’s neither possible nor particularly helpful to try to talk about all of them all of the time. But to get up in arms about an ad agency exploiting the homeless as wifi routers strikes me as a peculiarly half-assed form of outrage. If they weren’t walking around as billboards for wireless service, Austin’s homeless and poor would still be homeless and perhaps a bit more poor. The fundamental problem here is not exploitation, but the condition of possibility for that exploitation, which is the fact that there are so many poor and homeless Americans in the first place.
"“The misery of being exploited by capitalists is nothing compared to the misery of not being exploited at all”, goes the old adage from Joan Robinson. Then again, says Marx, “to be a productive laborer is not a piece of luck, but a misfortune. In the short run, labor complementary technology may employ more people, which is better than them not being exploited at all. But in the long run, the jobs thus created tend to be terrible, and our real goal ought to be to channel technical change toward labor saving innovation.
"This leaves us with the question of what the homeless of Austin can demand, if not the right to be walking 4G hotspots. Fortunately there is a simple solution to that. There’s nothing (economically) stopping us from just giving people cash; and as the housing activist Max Rameau likes to say, the cause of homelessness is that people don’t have homes, and we have plenty of those. So imagine what would happen if this pool of cheap, easily exploitable labor wasn’t available. A company that wanted to sell 4G wireless services might have to invest in more transmitters to fulfill demand. Or perhaps they would deploy robots to roll around the streets selling wireless access! This would not employ as many people, since it’s more a labor saving than a labor complementary technology. But it also wouldn’t create the grotesque spectacle of fellow human beings serving as pieces of infrastructure."]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:blog frase.peter technological_change technological_unemployment economics economic_growth inequality class_struggles_in_america whats_gone_wrong_with_america networked_life</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:b40c9fa14212/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:blog"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:frase.peter"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_change"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_unemployment"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:economics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:economic_growth"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:inequality"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:class_struggles_in_america"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:whats_gone_wrong_with_america"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:networked_life"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.antipope.org/charlie/blog-static/2012/02/life-with-and-without-animated.html">
    <title>Life With and Without Animated Ducks: The Future Is Gender Distributed - Charlie's Diary</title>
    <dc:date>2012-02-22T13:05:26+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.antipope.org/charlie/blog-static/2012/02/life-with-and-without-animated.html</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><dc:subject>sexism technological_change science_fiction valente.catherynne_m. japan to:blog</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:0db1a111aff2/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:sexism"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_change"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:science_fiction"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:valente.catherynne_m."/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:japan"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:blog"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://approachingpavonis.blogspot.com/2011/09/fifty-years-redux.html">
    <title>Approaching Pavonis Mons by balloon: Fifty years (redux)</title>
    <dc:date>2011-09-24T15:19:36+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://approachingpavonis.blogspot.com/2011/09/fifty-years-redux.html</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[The 747 and the B-52 are over half a century old, but show no sign of going away, and might well be good for another half century.  What else?
]]></description>
<dc:subject>science_fiction technological_change reynolds.alastair</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:0c2b64eed5bf/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:science_fiction"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_change"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:reynolds.alastair"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://crookedtimber.org/2011/03/07/oh-noes-were-being-replaced-by-machines/">
    <title>Oh noes! We’re being replaced by machines! — Crooked Timber</title>
    <dc:date>2011-03-07T17:05:29+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://crookedtimber.org/2011/03/07/oh-noes-were-being-replaced-by-machines/</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><dc:subject>technological_change technological_unemployment socialism inequality</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:2c375bf95858/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_change"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_unemployment"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:socialism"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:inequality"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://yglesias.thinkprogress.org/2011/03/land-leisure-and-inequality/">
    <title>Yglesias » Land, Leisure, and Inequality</title>
    <dc:date>2011-03-07T17:04:03+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://yglesias.thinkprogress.org/2011/03/land-leisure-and-inequality/</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Try to imagine a utopian version of earth in which everyone on the planet can obtain the material living standards of the average contemporary Dutch person without doing any paid labor. Well some people are going to be enjoying the life of leisure from a nice villa in the Tuscan countryside or from the stunning beaches of the Caribbean while others will be less-fortunately situated in Arkhangelsk or the suburbs of Houston."
]]></description>
<dc:subject>inequality technological_unemployment technological_change socialism yglesias.matthew</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:d35525c09ef0/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:inequality"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_unemployment"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_change"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:socialism"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:yglesias.matthew"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/07/opinion/07krugman.html">
    <title>Degrees and Dollars - NYTimes.com</title>
    <dc:date>2011-03-07T16:57:25+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/07/opinion/07krugman.html</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><dc:subject>economics inequality technological_change technological_unemployment whats_gone_wrong_with_america krugman.paul</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:783269f219ba/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:economics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:inequality"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_change"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_unemployment"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:whats_gone_wrong_with_america"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:krugman.paul"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.nber.org/papers/w16082">
    <title>Skills, Tasks and Technologies: Implications for Employment and Earnings</title>
    <dc:date>2011-03-06T18:04:51+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.nber.org/papers/w16082</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[Is the marginal cost to NBER of providing an additional _electronic_ copy of this paper $5?  If so, they are being ripped off by their web hosting provider.  If not, why charge $5?
]]></description>
<dc:subject>economics automation technological_change technological_unemployment to:NB to_read via:krugman</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:8baae73eaac4/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:economics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:automation"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_change"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_unemployment"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:NB"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to_read"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:via:krugman"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://krugman.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/03/06/autor-autor/">
    <title>Autor! Autor! - NYTimes.com</title>
    <dc:date>2011-03-06T17:25:44+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://krugman.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/03/06/autor-autor/</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[In the long run, of course, the end-point of this scenario is Sterling's "The Beautiful and the Sublime". --- Come to think of it, when was Sterling's story written?  Could either have influenced the other?
]]></description>
<dc:subject>automation economics technological_change technological_unemployment whats_gone_wrong_with_america track_down_references</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:61d3b09ee94f/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:automation"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:economics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_change"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_unemployment"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:whats_gone_wrong_with_america"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:track_down_references"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.economics.utoronto.ca/index.php/index/research/workingPaperDetails/391">
    <title>Michelle Alexopoulos, &quot;Read All About it!! What happens following a technology shock?&quot;, 2010-01-26</title>
    <dc:date>2010-02-05T15:04:53+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.economics.utoronto.ca/index.php/index/research/workingPaperDetails/391</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Existing indicators of technical change are plagued by shortcomings. I present here new measures based on books published in the field of technology that resolve many of these problems and use them to identify the impact of technology shocks on economic activity. They are positively linked to changes in R&D and scientific knowledge and capture the new technologies' commercialization dates. Changes in information technology are found to be important sources of economic fluctuations in the post-WWII period and total factor productivity, investment and, to a lesser extent, labor are all shown to increase following a positive technology shock."
]]></description>
<dc:subject>technological_change economics innovation economic_history to:NB to_read total_factor_productivity</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:b98891a6918d/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_change"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:economics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:innovation"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:economic_history"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:NB"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to_read"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:total_factor_productivity"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.grist.org/article/2009-06-26-overestimate-costs-climate">
    <title>Why we overestimate the costs of climate change legislation | Grist</title>
    <dc:date>2009-06-30T00:12:09+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.grist.org/article/2009-06-26-overestimate-costs-climate</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[Conversely, the demand for Pan Am flights to the moon is much smaller than _very reasonable_ people have expected.  This suggests an interesting question for retrospective studies of futurology: what's the variance?  Quite conceivably, futurology is right _on average_, but with such a huge spread as to be unusable...
]]></description>
<dc:subject>prediction innovation technological_change environmental_management environmental_policy cost-benefit_analysis climate_change</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:413ecc608f11/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:prediction"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:innovation"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_change"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:environmental_management"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:environmental_policy"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:cost-benefit_analysis"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:climate_change"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://edgeofthewest.wordpress.com/2008/02/11/distance-is-no-longer-thought-of-in-this-region%E2%80%94it-is-almost-annihilated-by-steam/">
    <title>“Distance is no longer thought of in this region—it is almost annihilated by steam.” « The Edge of the American West</title>
    <dc:date>2008-02-12T14:22:21+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://edgeofthewest.wordpress.com/2008/02/11/distance-is-no-longer-thought-of-in-this-region%E2%80%94it-is-almost-annihilated-by-steam/</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[More scenes from the technological singularity that was the 19th century.
]]></description>
<dc:subject>19th_century_history the_singularity_has_happened steam_engines technological_change history_of_technology</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:a78754f40d24/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:19th_century_history"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:the_singularity_has_happened"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:steam_engines"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_change"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:history_of_technology"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.press.jhu.edu/books/title_pages/2859.html">
    <title>Johns Hopkins University Press | Books | The Space Station Decision: Incremental Politics and Technological Choice</title>
    <dc:date>2008-02-10T15:52:52+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.press.jhu.edu/books/title_pages/2859.html</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><dc:subject>space_exploration space_station policy_analysis_as_a_social_process technological_change books:noted mccurdy.howard_e in_NB</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:dcd861164af7/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:space_exploration"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:space_station"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:policy_analysis_as_a_social_process"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_change"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:books:noted"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:mccurdy.howard_e"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:in_NB"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://alevin.com/weblog/archives/002005.html">
    <title>BookBlog: The Box</title>
    <dc:date>2007-10-28T14:49:31+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://alevin.com/weblog/archives/002005.html</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[Adina Levin review's _The Box_, on the rise of container shipping, and convinces me I definitely need to read it
]]></description>
<dc:subject>20th_century_history infrastructure logistics technological_change institutions books:noted via:alevin levin.adina levinson.marc books:owned</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:90e7b557f38d/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:20th_century_history"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:infrastructure"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:logistics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:technological_change"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:institutions"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:books:noted"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:via:alevin"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:levin.adina"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:levinson.marc"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:books:owned"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
</rdf:RDF>