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    <title>Pinboard (cshalizi)</title>
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    <description>recent bookmarks from cshalizi</description>
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      <rdf:Seq>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/evolutionary-human-sciences/article/cultural-extinction-in-evolutionary-perspective/035F093515E2A445FCA0D78DA542075B"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/evolutionary-human-sciences/article/no-universals-in-the-cultural-evolution-of-kinship-terminology/0BF406C9CFC182F9142749FDD0442471"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01621459.2020.1799812"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01021-4"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://www.jehsmith.com/1/2020/02/are-birds-dinosaurs.html"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-110218-024555"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.pnas.org/content/115/14/3628"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.pnas.org/content/114/42/E8822.abstract"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.pnas.org/content/113/48/13666.abstract"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.pnas.org/content/113/34/9569.abstract.html"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.pnas.org/content/111/49/17414.abstract.html?etoc"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.pnas.org/content/111/46/16448.abstract.html"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://arxiv.org/abs/1310.0035"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.pnas.org/content/110/11/4224.abstract"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://arxiv.org/abs/1302.6422"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://arxiv.org/abs/1212.3730"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://arxiv.org/abs/1206.3520"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://arxiv.org/abs/0804.3166"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.powells.com/biblio/61-9781598742169-1"/>
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  </channel><item rdf:about="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/evolutionary-human-sciences/article/cultural-extinction-in-evolutionary-perspective/035F093515E2A445FCA0D78DA542075B">
    <title>Cultural extinction in evolutionary perspective | Evolutionary Human Sciences | Cambridge Core</title>
    <dc:date>2021-04-30T19:20:11+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/evolutionary-human-sciences/article/cultural-extinction-in-evolutionary-perspective/035F093515E2A445FCA0D78DA542075B</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Cultural diversity is disappearing quickly. Whilst a phylogenetic approach makes explicit the continuous extinction of cultures, and the generation of new ones, cultural evolutionary changes such as the rise of agriculture or more recently colonisation can cause periods of mass cultural extinction. At the current rate, 90% of languages will become extinct or moribund by the end of this century. Unlike biological extinction, cultural extinction does not necessarily involve genetic extinction or even deaths, but results from the disintegration of a social entity and discontinuation of culture-specific behaviours. Here we propose an analytical framework to examine the phenomenon of cultural extinction. When examined over millennia, extinctions of cultural traits or institutions can be studied in a phylogenetic comparative framework that incorporates archaeological data on ancestral states. Over decades or centuries, cultural extinction can be studied in a behavioural ecology framework to investigate how the fitness consequences of cultural behaviours and population dynamics shift individual behaviours away from the traditional norms. Frequency-dependent costs and benefits are key to understanding both the origin and the loss of cultural diversity. We review recent evolutionary studies that have informed cultural extinction processes and discuss avenues of future studies."]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB cultural_evolution phylogenetics cultural_transmission cultural_differences imperialism nationalism re:flynn_from_gellner</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:3dfce1372b89/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:NB"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:cultural_evolution"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:phylogenetics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:cultural_transmission"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:cultural_differences"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:imperialism"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:nationalism"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:re:flynn_from_gellner"/>
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<item rdf:about="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/evolutionary-human-sciences/article/no-universals-in-the-cultural-evolution-of-kinship-terminology/0BF406C9CFC182F9142749FDD0442471">
    <title>No universals in the cultural evolution of kinship terminology | Evolutionary Human Sciences | Cambridge Core</title>
    <dc:date>2020-12-16T19:49:47+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/evolutionary-human-sciences/article/no-universals-in-the-cultural-evolution-of-kinship-terminology/0BF406C9CFC182F9142749FDD0442471</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Kinship terminologies are the semantic systems of language that express kinship relations between individuals: in English, ‘aunt’ denotes a parent's sister. Theoretical models of kinship terminology diversity reduce over 10 billion possible organisations to six key types, each of which are hypothesised to be aligned with particular cultural norms of descent, marriage or residence patterns. Often, terminological type is used to infer social patterns in past societies based on these putative relationships between kinship terminologies and social structure, and these associations are staples of ‘Anthropology 101’. However, these relationships have not been scrutinised using modern comparative methods. Here we show that kinship terminologies vertically track language phylogeny in Austronesian, Bantu and Uto-Aztecan, three languages families of different time-depths and environments. We find no unidirectional or universal models of evolution in kinship terminology. Of 18 existing anthropological coevolutionary theories regarding kinship terminology and cultural practices across 176 societies, we find only patchy support, and no evidence for putative universal drivers of evolution in kinship terminologies."

]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB cultural_evolution kinship anthropology phylogenetics</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:008bb08b6e8a/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:cultural_evolution"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:kinship"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:anthropology"/>
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<item rdf:about="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01621459.2020.1799812">
    <title>Inferring Phenotypic Trait Evolution on Large Trees With Many Incomplete Measurements: Journal of the American Statistical Association: Vol 0, No 0</title>
    <dc:date>2020-11-20T15:32:51+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01621459.2020.1799812</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Comparative biologists are often interested in inferring covariation between multiple biological traits sampled across numerous related taxa. To properly study these relationships, we must control for the shared evolutionary history of the taxa to avoid spurious inference. An additional challenge arises as obtaining a full suite of measurements becomes increasingly difficult with increasing taxa. This generally necessitates data imputation or integration, and existing control techniques typically scale poorly as the number of taxa increases. We propose an inference technique that integrates out missing measurements analytically and scales linearly with the number of taxa by using a post-order traversal algorithm under a multivariate Brownian diffusion (MBD) model to characterize trait evolution. We further exploit this technique to extend the MBD model to account for sampling error or nonheritable residual variance. We test these methods to examine mammalian life history traits, prokaryotic genomic and phenotypic traits, and HIV infection traits. We find computational efficiency increases that top two orders-of-magnitude over current best practices. While we focus on the utility of this algorithm in phylogenetic comparative methods, our approach generalizes to solve long-standing challenges in computing the likelihood for matrix-normal and multivariate normal distributions with missing data at scale. Supplementary materials for this article are available online."

]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB phylogenetics missing_data statistics evolutionary_biology</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:e56d48899371/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:NB"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:phylogenetics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:missing_data"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:statistics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:evolutionary_biology"/>
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<item rdf:about="https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-statistics-031017-100053">
    <title>Algebraic Statistics in Practice: Applications to Networks | Annual Review of Statistics and Its Application</title>
    <dc:date>2020-11-19T20:04:23+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-statistics-031017-100053</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Algebraic statistics uses tools from algebra (especially from multilinear algebra, commutative algebra, and computational algebra), geometry, and combinatorics to provide insight into knotty problems in mathematical statistics. In this review, we illustrate this on three problems related to networks: network models for relational data, causal structure discovery, and phylogenetics. For each problem, we give an overview of recent results in algebraic statistics, with emphasis on the statistical achievements made possible by these tools and their practical relevance for applications to other scientific disciplines."

]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB statistics phylogenetics network_data_analysis graphical_models algebra petrovic.sonja uhler.caroline</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:a80cef74bdd5/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:NB"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:statistics"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:graphical_models"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:algebra"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:petrovic.sonja"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:uhler.caroline"/>
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<item rdf:about="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01021-4">
    <title>Evolutionary trees can’t reveal speciation and extinction rates</title>
    <dc:date>2020-07-15T15:05:41+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01021-4</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><dc:subject>to:NB track_down_references evolutionary_biology phylogenetics identifiability partial_identification</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:26d0857af259/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:NB"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:track_down_references"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:evolutionary_biology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:phylogenetics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:identifiability"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:partial_identification"/>
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<item rdf:about="https://www.jehsmith.com/1/2020/02/are-birds-dinosaurs.html">
    <title>Are Birds Dinosaurs? - Justin Erik Halldór Smith</title>
    <dc:date>2020-04-24T19:22:47+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://www.jehsmith.com/1/2020/02/are-birds-dinosaurs.html</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><dc:subject>ontology dinosaurs birds phylogenetics</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:81963655d516/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:ontology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:dinosaurs"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:birds"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:phylogenetics"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-110218-024555">
    <title>Phylogenetic Comparative Methods and the Evolution of Multivariate Phenotypes | Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics</title>
    <dc:date>2019-11-09T23:36:35+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-110218-024555</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Evolutionary biology is multivariate, and advances in phylogenetic comparative methods for multivariate phenotypes have surged to accommodate this fact. Evolutionary trends in multivariate phenotypes are derived from distances and directions between species in a multivariate phenotype space. For these patterns to be interpretable, phenotypes should be characterized by traits in commensurate units and scale. Visualizing such trends, as is achieved with phylomorphospaces, should continue to play a prominent role in macroevolutionary analyses. Evaluating phylogenetic generalized least squares (PGLS) models (e.g., phylogenetic analysis of variance and regression) is valuable, but using parametric procedures is limited to only a few phenotypic variables. In contrast, nonparametric, permutation-based PGLS methods provide a flexible alternative and are thus preferred for high-dimensional multivariate phenotypes. Permutation-based methods for evaluating covariation within multivariate phenotypes are also well established and can test evolutionary trends in phenotypic integration. However, comparing evolutionary rates and modes in multivariate phenotypes remains an important area of future development."]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB phylogenetics statistics</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:11c1f9725286/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:NB"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:phylogenetics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:statistics"/>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.13754">
    <title>[1909.13754] Identifiability in Phylogenetics using Algebraic Matroids</title>
    <dc:date>2019-10-01T15:40:25+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.13754</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Identifiability is a crucial property for a statistical model since distributions in the model uniquely determine the parameters that produce them. In phylogenetics, the identifiability of the tree parameter is of particular interest since it means that phylogenetic models can be used to infer evolutionary histories from data. In this paper we introduce a new computational strategy for proving the identifiability of discrete parameters in algebraic statistical models that uses algebraic matroids naturally associated to the models. We then use this algorithm to prove that the tree parameters are generically identifiable for 2-tree CFN and K3P mixtures. We also show that the k-cycle phylogenetic network parameter is identifiable under the K2P and K3P models."]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB identifiability phylogenetics algebra statistics</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:b73e464936f6/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:NB"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:identifiability"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:phylogenetics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:algebra"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:statistics"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.pnas.org/content/115/14/3628">
    <title>Coevolution of landesque capital intensive agriculture and sociopolitical hierarchy | PNAS</title>
    <dc:date>2018-05-07T22:31:13+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.pnas.org/content/115/14/3628</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["One of the defining trends of the Holocene has been the emergence of complex societies. Two essential features of complex societies are intensive resource use and sociopolitical hierarchy. Although it is widely agreed that these two phenomena are associated cross-culturally and have both contributed to the rise of complex societies, the causality underlying their relationship has been the subject of longstanding debate. Materialist theories of cultural evolution tend to view resource intensification as driving the development of hierarchy, but the reverse order of causation has also been advocated, along with a range of intermediate views. Phylogenetic methods have the potential to test between these different causal models. Here we report the results of a phylogenetic study that modeled the coevolution of one type of resource intensification—the development of landesque capital intensive agriculture—with political complexity and social stratification in a sample of 155 Austronesian-speaking societies. We found support for the coevolution of landesque capital with both political complexity and social stratification, but the contingent and nondeterministic nature of both of these relationships was clear. There was no indication that intensification was the “prime mover” in either relationship. Instead, the relationship between intensification and social stratification was broadly reciprocal, whereas political complexity was more of a driver than a result of intensification. These results challenge the materialist view and emphasize the importance of both material and social factors in the evolution of complex societies, as well as the complex and multifactorial nature of cultural evolution."]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB cultural_evolution inequality historical_materialism phylogenetics</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:f3029e99714c/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:NB"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:cultural_evolution"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:inequality"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:historical_materialism"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:phylogenetics"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0043-0">
    <title>Renewing Felsenstein’s phylogenetic bootstrap in the era of big data | Nature</title>
    <dc:date>2018-05-07T17:06:07+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0043-0</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Felsenstein’s application of the bootstrap method to evolutionary trees is one of the most cited scientific papers of all time. The bootstrap method, which is based on resampling and replications, is used extensively to assess the robustness of phylogenetic inferences. However, increasing numbers of sequences are now available for a wide variety of species, and phylogenies based on hundreds or thousands of taxa are becoming routine. With phylogenies of this size Felsenstein’s bootstrap tends to yield very low supports, especially on deep branches. Here we propose a new version of the phylogenetic bootstrap in which the presence of inferred branches in replications is measured using a gradual ‘transfer’ distance rather than the binary presence or absence index used in Felsenstein’s original version. The resulting supports are higher and do not induce falsely supported branches. The application of our method to large mammal, HIV and simulated datasets reveals their phylogenetic signals, whereas Felsenstein’s bootstrap fails to do so."]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB statistics evolutionary_biology phylogenetics bootstrap</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:9d5bc113ba1d/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:NB"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:statistics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:evolutionary_biology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:phylogenetics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:bootstrap"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.pnas.org/content/114/42/E8822.abstract">
    <title>Evolutionary dynamics of language systems</title>
    <dc:date>2017-10-26T18:05:19+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.pnas.org/content/114/42/E8822.abstract</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Understanding how and why language subsystems differ in their evolutionary dynamics is a fundamental question for historical and comparative linguistics. One key dynamic is the rate of language change. While it is commonly thought that the rapid rate of change hampers the reconstruction of deep language relationships beyond 6,000–10,000 y, there are suggestions that grammatical structures might retain more signal over time than other subsystems, such as basic vocabulary. In this study, we use a Dirichlet process mixture model to infer the rates of change in lexical and grammatical data from 81 Austronesian languages. We show that, on average, most grammatical features actually change faster than items of basic vocabulary. The grammatical data show less schismogenesis, higher rates of homoplasy, and more bursts of contact-induced change than the basic vocabulary data. However, there is a core of grammatical and lexical features that are highly stable. These findings suggest that different subsystems of language have differing dynamics and that careful, nuanced models of language change will be needed to extract deeper signal from the noise of parallel evolution, areal readaptation, and contact."

--- I would be very curious to know what historical linguists make of this.]]></description>
<dc:subject>linguistics language_history cultural_evolution phylogenetics in_NB</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:9a0dbb967f03/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:linguistics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:language_history"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:cultural_evolution"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:phylogenetics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:in_NB"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.pnas.org/content/113/48/13666.abstract">
    <title>Phylogenetic approach to the evolution of color term systems</title>
    <dc:date>2016-12-07T14:25:57+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.pnas.org/content/113/48/13666.abstract</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["The naming of colors has long been a topic of interest in the study of human culture and cognition. Color term research has asked diverse questions about thought and communication, but no previous research has used an evolutionary framework. We show that there is broad support for the most influential theory of color term development (that most strongly represented by Berlin and Kay [Berlin B, Kay P (1969) (Univ of California Press, Berkeley, CA)]); however, we find extensive evidence for the loss (as well as gain) of color terms. We find alternative trajectories of color term evolution beyond those considered in the standard theories. These results not only refine our knowledge of how humans lexicalize the color space and how the systems change over time; they illustrate the promise of phylogenetic methods within the domain of cognitive science, and they show how language change interacts with human perception."]]></description>
<dc:subject>cultural_evolution phylogenetics linguistics in_NB</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:137dd17ffb51/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:cultural_evolution"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:phylogenetics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:linguistics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:in_NB"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.pnas.org/content/113/34/9569.abstract.html">
    <title>Critically evaluating the theory and performance of Bayesian analysis of macroevolutionary mixtures</title>
    <dc:date>2016-08-24T16:14:25+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.pnas.org/content/113/34/9569.abstract.html</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Bayesian analysis of macroevolutionary mixtures (BAMM) has recently taken the study of lineage diversification by storm. BAMM estimates the diversification-rate parameters (speciation and extinction) for every branch of a study phylogeny and infers the number and location of diversification-rate shifts across branches of a tree. Our evaluation of BAMM reveals two major theoretical errors: (i) the likelihood function (which estimates the model parameters from the data) is incorrect, and (ii) the compound Poisson process prior model (which describes the prior distribution of diversification-rate shifts across branches) is incoherent. Using simulation, we demonstrate that these theoretical issues cause statistical pathologies; posterior estimates of the number of diversification-rate shifts are strongly influenced by the assumed prior, and estimates of diversification-rate parameters are unreliable. Moreover, the inability to correctly compute the likelihood or to correctly specify the prior for rate-variable trees precludes the use of Bayesian approaches for testing hypotheses regarding the number and location of diversification-rate shifts using BAMM."]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB phylogenetics statistics re:phil-of-bayes_paper</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:09df42e1a901/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:NB"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:phylogenetics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:statistics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:re:phil-of-bayes_paper"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.springer.com/us/book/9783319259260">
    <title>Cultural Phylogenetics - Concepts and Applications | Larissa Mendoza Straffon | Springer</title>
    <dc:date>2016-03-01T13:20:43+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.springer.com/us/book/9783319259260</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["This book explores the potential and challenges of implementing evolutionary phylogenetic methods in archaeological research, by discussing key concepts and presenting concrete applications of these approaches.
"The volume is divided into two parts: The first covers the theoretical and conceptual implications of using evolution-based models in the sociocultural domain, illustrates the sorts of questions that these methods can help answer, and invites the reader to reflect on the opportunities and limitations of these perspectives. The second part comprises case studies that address relevant empirical issues, such as inferring patterns and rates of cultural transmission, detecting selective pressures in cultural evolution, and explaining the nature of cultural variation."]]></description>
<dc:subject>books:noted archaeology cultural_evolution phylogenetics re:do-institutions-evolve in_NB downloaded</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:3fc128acdb23/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:books:noted"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:archaeology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:cultural_evolution"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:phylogenetics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:re:do-institutions-evolve"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:in_NB"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:downloaded"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-4-431-55363-2_7">
    <title>Inferring Learning Strategies from Cultural Frequency Data - Springer</title>
    <dc:date>2015-04-30T21:07:13+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-4-431-55363-2_7</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Social learning has been identified as one of the fundamentals of culture and therefore the understanding of why and how individuals use social information presents one of the big questions in cultural evolution. To date much of the theoretical work on social learning has been done in isolation of data. Evolutionary models often provide important insight into which social learning strategies are expected to have evolved but cannot tell us which strategies human populations actually use. In this chapter we explore how much information about the underlying learning strategies can be extracted by analysing the temporal occurrence or usage patterns of different cultural variants in a population. We review the previous methodology that has attempted to infer the underlying social learning processes from such data, showing that they may apply statistical methods with insufficient power to draw reliable inferences. We then introduce a generative inference framework that allows robust inferences on the social learning processes that underlie cultural frequency data. Using developments in population genetics—in the form of generative simulation modelling and approximate Bayesian computation—as our model, we demonstrate the strength of this method with an example based on simulated data."]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB social_learning cultural_evolution statistics phylogenetics approximate_bayesian_computation to_read re:do-institutions-evolve</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:7d2e1bcec9cb/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:NB"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:social_learning"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:cultural_evolution"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:statistics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:phylogenetics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:approximate_bayesian_computation"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to_read"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:re:do-institutions-evolve"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.pnas.org/content/111/49/17414.abstract.html?etoc">
    <title>Phylogenetic reconstruction of Bantu kinship challenges Main Sequence Theory of human social evolution</title>
    <dc:date>2014-12-17T15:35:42+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.pnas.org/content/111/49/17414.abstract.html?etoc</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Kinship provides the fundamental structure of human society: descent determines the inheritance pattern between generations, whereas residence rules govern the location a couple moves to after they marry. In turn, descent and residence patterns determine other key relationships such as alliance, trade, and marriage partners. Hunter-gatherer kinship patterns are viewed as flexible, whereas agricultural societies are thought to have developed much more stable kinship patterns as they expanded during the Holocene. Among the Bantu farmers of sub-Saharan Africa, the ancestral kinship patterns present at the beginning of the expansion are hotly contested, with some arguing for matrilineal and matrilocal patterns, whereas others maintain that any kind of lineality or sex-biased dispersal only emerged much later. Here, we use Bayesian phylogenetic methods to uncover the history of Bantu kinship patterns and trace the interplay between descent and residence systems. The results suggest a number of switches in both descent and residence patterns as Bantu farming spread, but that the first Bantu populations were patrilocal with patrilineal descent. Across the phylogeny, a change in descent triggered a switch away from patrifocal kinship, whereas a change in residence triggered a switch back from matrifocal kinship. These results challenge “Main Sequence Theory,” which maintains that changes in residence rules precede change in other social structures. We also indicate the trajectory of kinship change, shedding new light on how this fundamental structure of society developed as farming spread across the globe during the Neolithic."

- So much does the prior drive this result?]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB cultural_evolution anthropology phylogenetics</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:17340c654054/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:NB"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:cultural_evolution"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:anthropology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:phylogenetics"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.pnas.org/content/111/46/16448.abstract.html">
    <title>Maximum likelihood inference of reticulate evolutionary histories</title>
    <dc:date>2014-11-22T15:17:01+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.pnas.org/content/111/46/16448.abstract.html</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Hybridization plays an important role in the evolution of certain groups of organisms, adaptation to their environments, and diversification of their genomes. The evolutionary histories of such groups are reticulate, and methods for reconstructing them are still in their infancy and have limited applicability. We present a maximum likelihood method for inferring reticulate evolutionary histories while accounting simultaneously for incomplete lineage sorting. Additionally, we propose methods for assessing confidence in the amount of reticulation and the topology of the inferred evolutionary history. Our method obtains accurate estimates of reticulate evolutionary histories on simulated datasets. Furthermore, our method provides support for a hypothesis of a reticulate evolutionary history inferred from a set of house mouse (Mus musculus) genomes. As evidence of hybridization in eukaryotic groups accumulates, it is essential to have methods that infer reticulate evolutionary histories. The work we present here allows for such inference and provides a significant step toward putting phylogenetic networks on par with phylogenetic trees as a model of capturing evolutionary relationships."]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB evolutionary_biology statistics phylogenetics</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:97b15ef20dd2/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:NB"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:evolutionary_biology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:statistics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:phylogenetics"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1310.0035">
    <title>[1310.0035] Identical inferences about correlated evolution arise from ancestral state reconstruction and independent contrasts</title>
    <dc:date>2013-10-11T23:06:15+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1310.0035</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Inferences about the evolution of continuous traits based on reconstruction of ancestral states has often been considered more error-prone than analysis of independent contrasts. Here we show that both methods in fact yield identical estimators for the correlation coefficient and regression gradient of correlated traits, indicating that reconstructed ancestral states are a valid source of information about correlated evolution. We show that the independent contrast associated with a pair of sibling nodes on a phylogenetic tree can be expressed in terms of the maximum likelihood ancestral state function at those nodes and their common parent. This expression gives rise to novel formulae for independent contrasts for any model of evolution admitting of a local likelihood function. We thus derive new formulae for independent contrasts applicable to traits evolving under directional drift, and use simulated data to show that these directional contrasts provide better estimates of evolutionary model parameters than standard independent contrasts, when traits in fact evolve with a directional tendency."]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB evolutionary_biology phylogenetics statistics inference_to_latent_objects</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:05345fcce51a/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:NB"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:evolutionary_biology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:phylogenetics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:statistics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:inference_to_latent_objects"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://projecteuclid.org/DPubS?service=UI&amp;version=1.0&amp;verb=Display&amp;handle=euclid.aop/1176995566">
    <title>Kingman : Uses of Exchangeability</title>
    <dc:date>2013-04-30T16:26:33+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://projecteuclid.org/DPubS?service=UI&amp;version=1.0&amp;verb=Display&amp;handle=euclid.aop/1176995566</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["The Wald Memorial Lectures delivered in Seattle in August 1977, and summarised here, ranged over a variety of applications in both pure and applied probability of the idea of exchangeability, and particularly of de Finetti's theorem. Particular emphasis was placed on two contrasting themes, some recent work of Aldous on the subsequence principle, and consequences of de Finetti's theorem for certain problems in population genetics."]]></description>
<dc:subject>stochastic_processes exchangeability martingales probability genetics phylogenetics in_NB</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:f97380424ab0/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:stochastic_processes"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:exchangeability"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:martingales"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:probability"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:genetics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:phylogenetics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:in_NB"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.pnas.org/content/110/11/4224.abstract">
    <title>Automated reconstruction of ancient languages using probabilistic models of sound change</title>
    <dc:date>2013-03-13T04:21:10+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.pnas.org/content/110/11/4224.abstract</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["One of the oldest problems in linguistics is reconstructing the words that appeared in the protolanguages from which modern languages evolved. Identifying the forms of these ancient languages makes it possible to evaluate proposals about the nature of language change and to draw inferences about human history. Protolanguages are typically reconstructed using a painstaking manual process known as the comparative method. We present a family of probabilistic models of sound change as well as algorithms for performing inference in these models. The resulting system automatically and accurately reconstructs protolanguages from modern languages. We apply this system to 637 Austronesian languages, providing an accurate, large-scale automatic reconstruction of a set of protolanguages. Over 85% of the system’s reconstructions are within one character of the manual reconstruction provided by a linguist specializing in Austronesian languages. Being able to automatically reconstruct large numbers of languages provides a useful way to quantitatively explore hypotheses about the factors determining which sounds in a language are likely to change over time. We demonstrate this by showing that the reconstructed Austronesian protolanguages provide compelling support for a hypothesis about the relationship between the function of a sound and its probability of changing that was first proposed in 1955."]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB linguistics language_history phylogenetics color_me_skeptical</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:fb97f2bfd97f/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:NB"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:linguistics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:language_history"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:phylogenetics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:color_me_skeptical"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1302.6422">
    <title>[1302.6422] Nonparametric Estimation of Phylogenetic Tree Distributions</title>
    <dc:date>2013-03-06T15:43:46+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1302.6422</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["While the majority of gene histories found in a clade of organisms are expected to be generated by a common process (e.g. the coalescent process), it is well-known that numerous other coexisting processes (e.g. horizontal gene transfers, gene duplication and subsequent neofunctionalization) will cause some genes to exhibit a history quite distinct from the histories of the majority of genes. Such "outlying" gene trees are considered to be biologically interesting and identifying these genes has become an important problem in phylogenetics. In this paper we propose and implement a nonparametric method of estimating distributions of phylogenetic trees, with the goal of identifying trees which are significantly different from the rest of the trees in the sample. 
"Our approach mimics the common statistical technique of kernel density estimation, using tree distances to define kernels. In contrast to parametric models, such as coalescent, nonparametric approaches avoid the problem of model mis-specification, which leads to potentially unreliable results. Our method demonstrated superior accuracy in outlier detection on simulated data, when compared to a previously published method. We also applied our method to a dataset of Apicomplexa genes, identifying a set of putative outliers. Our method for estimating tree distributions is implemented as the R package, kdetrees, and is available for download from CRAN."]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB kernel_methods density_estimation phylogenetics statistics re:network_differences to_teach:undergrad-ADA</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:2cec2bcc6bdc/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:NB"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:kernel_methods"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:density_estimation"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:phylogenetics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:statistics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:re:network_differences"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to_teach:undergrad-ADA"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://projecteuclid.org/DPubS?service=UI&amp;version=1.0&amp;verb=Display&amp;handle=euclid.ss/1063994979">
    <title>Holmes : Bootstrapping Phylogenetic Trees: Theory and Methods</title>
    <dc:date>2013-01-20T18:17:47+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://projecteuclid.org/DPubS?service=UI&amp;version=1.0&amp;verb=Display&amp;handle=euclid.ss/1063994979</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["This is a survey of the use of the bootstrap in the area of systematic and evolutionary biology. I present the current usage by biologists of the bootstrap as a tool both for making inferences and for evaluating robustness, and propose a framework for thinking about these problems in terms of mathematical statistics."]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB to_read bootstrap evolutionary_biology phylogenetics confidence_sets holmes.susan re:network_differences via:larry_wasserman</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:1f963a85f7f2/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:NB"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to_read"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:bootstrap"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:evolutionary_biology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:phylogenetics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:confidence_sets"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:holmes.susan"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:re:network_differences"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:via:larry_wasserman"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1212.3730">
    <title>[1212.3730] Function-Valued Traits in Evolution</title>
    <dc:date>2012-12-18T14:03:22+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1212.3730</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Many biological characteristics of evolutionary interest are not scalar variables but continuous functions. Given a dataset of function-valued traits generated by evolution, we develop a practical statistical approach to infer ancestral function-valued traits, and estimate the generative evolutionary process. We do this by combining dimension reduction and phylogenetic Gaussian process regression, a non-parametric procedure which explicitly accounts for known phylogenetic relationships. We test the methods' performance on simulated function-valued data generated from a stochastic evolutionary model. The methods are applied assuming that only the phylogeny and the function-valued traits of taxa at its tips are known. Our method is robust and applicable to a wide range of function-valued data, and also offers a phylogenetically aware method for estimating the autocorrelation of function-valued traits."]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB statistics evolutionary_biology phylogenetics functional_data_analysis</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:45436ac22552/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:to:NB"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:statistics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:evolutionary_biology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:phylogenetics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:functional_data_analysis"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1206.3520">
    <title>[1206.3520] Recovering the tree-like trend of evolution despite extensive lateral genetic transfer: A probabilistic analysis</title>
    <dc:date>2012-07-09T03:44:46+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1206.3520</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Lateral gene transfer (LGT) is a common mechanism of non-vertical evolution where genetic material is transferred between two more or less distantly related organisms. It is particularly common in bacteria where it contributes to adaptive evolution with important medical implications. In evolutionary studies, LGT has been shown to create widespread discordance between gene trees as genomes become mosaics of gene histories. In particular, the Tree of Life has been questioned as an appropriate representation of bacterial evolutionary history. Nevertheless a common hypothesis is that prokaryotic evolution is primarily tree-like, but that the underlying trend is obscured by LGT. Extensive empirical work has sought to extract a common tree-like signal from conflicting gene trees. Here we give a probabilistic perspective on the problem of recovering the tree-like trend despite LGT. Under a model of randomly distributed LGT, we show that the species phylogeny can be reconstructed even in the presence of surprisingly many (almost linear number of) LGT events per gene tree. Our results, which are optimal up to logarithmic factors, are based on the analysis of a robust, computationally efficient reconstruction method and provides insight into the design of such methods. Finally we show that our results have implications for the discovery of highways of gene sharing."]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB phylogenetics statistics</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:b602ce6d32ff/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:phylogenetics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:statistics"/>
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<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/0804.3166">
    <title>[0804.3166] Analysis of comparative data with hierarchical autocorrelation</title>
    <dc:date>2012-06-10T22:16:01+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/0804.3166</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["The asymptotic behavior of estimates and information criteria in linear models are studied in the context of hierarchically correlated sampling units. The work is motivated by biological data collected on species where autocorrelation is based on the species' genealogical tree. Hierarchical autocorrelation is also found in many other kinds of data, such as from microarray experiments or human languages. Similar correlation also arises in ANOVA models with nested effects. I show that the best linear unbiased estimators are almost surely convergent but may not be consistent for some parameters such as the intercept and lineage effects, in the context of Brownian motion evolution on the genealogical tree. For the purpose of model selection I show that the usual BIC does not provide an appropriate approximation to the posterior probability of a model. To correct for this, an effective sample size is introduced for parameters that are inconsistently estimated. For biological studies, this work implies that tree-aware sampling design is desirable; adding more sampling units may not help ancestral reconstruction and only strong lineage effects may be detected with high power."]]></description>
<dc:subject>to:NB statistics structured_data estimation phylogenetics re:critique_of_diffusion</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:00f3625e0168/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:structured_data"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:estimation"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:phylogenetics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:re:critique_of_diffusion"/>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.powells.com/biblio/61-9781598742169-1">
    <title>The Evolution of Cultural Diversity: A Phylogenetic Approach by Ruth Mace - Powell's Books</title>
    <dc:date>2012-02-05T17:31:42+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.powells.com/biblio/61-9781598742169-1</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Virtually all aspects of human behavior show enormous variation both within and between cultural groups, including material culture, social organization and language. Thousands of distinct cultural groups exist: about 6,000 languages are spoken today, and it is thought that a far greater number of languages existed in the past but became extinct. Using a Darwinian approach, this book seeks to explain this rich cultural variation. There are a number of theoretical reasons to believe that cultural diversification might be tree-like, that is phylogenetic: material and non-material culture is clearly inherited by descendants, there is descent with modification, and languages appear to be hierarchically related. There are also a number of theoretical reasons to believe that cultural evolution is not tree-like: cultural inheritance is not Mendelian and can indeed be vertical, horizontal or oblique, evidence of borrowing abounds, cultures are not necessarily biological populations and can be transient and complex. Here, for the first time, this title tackles these questions of cultural evolution empirically and quantitatively, using a range of case studies from Africa, the Pacific, Europe, Asia and America. A range of powerful theoretical tools developed in evolutionary biology is used to test detailed hypotheses about historical patterns and adaptive functions in cultural evolution. Evidence is amassed from archaeological, linguist and cultural datasets, from both recent and historical or pre-historical time periods. A unifying theme is that the phylogenetic approach is a useful and powerful framework, both for describing the evolutionary history of these traits, and also for testing adaptive hypotheses about their evolution and co-evolution. Contributors include archaeologists, anthropologists, evolutionary biologists and linguists, and this book will be of great interest to all those involved in these areas."]]></description>
<dc:subject>books:noted phylogenetics evolutionary_biology human_evolution cultural_evolution cultural_transmission cultural_differences in_NB</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:ca18c82b51b9/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:human_evolution"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:cultural_evolution"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:cultural_transmission"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:cultural_differences"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:in_NB"/>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.cambridge.org/us/knowledge/isbn/item5696943/?site_locale=en_US">
    <title>Phylogenetic Networks - Academic and Professional Books - Cambridge University Press</title>
    <dc:date>2012-02-05T14:51:02+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.cambridge.org/us/knowledge/isbn/item5696943/?site_locale=en_US</link>
    <dc:creator>cshalizi</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["The evolutionary history of species is traditionally represented using a rooted phylogenetic tree. However, when reticulate events such as hybridization, horizontal gene transfer or recombination are believed to be involved, phylogenetic networks that can accommodate non-treelike evolution have an important role to play. This book provides the first interdisciplinary overview of phylogenetic networks. Beginning with a concise introduction to both phylogenetic trees and phylogenetic networks, the fundamental concepts and results are then presented for both rooted and unrooted phylogenetic networks. Current approaches and algorithms available for computing phylogenetic networks from different types of datasets are then discussed, accompanied by examples of their application to real biological datasets. The book also summarises the algorithms used for drawing phylogenetic networks, along with the existing software for their computation and evaluation. All datasets, examples and other additional information and links are available from the book's companion website at www.phylogenetic-networks.org."]]></description>
<dc:subject>phylogenetics network_data_analysis evolutionary_biology cultural_evolution books:noted in_NB</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/b:47bb604c2d7d/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:network_data_analysis"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:evolutionary_biology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:cultural_evolution"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:books:noted"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:cshalizi/t:in_NB"/>
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