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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://crookedtimber.org/2017/07/21/why-coases-penguin-didnt-fly/"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://nautil.us/issue/49/the-absurd/the-impossible-mathematics-of-the-real-world"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/12/23/096438?rss=1%2522"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://lipoblog.wordpress.com/2016/10/26/the-burden-of-connoisseurship/"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://arxiv.org/abs/1509.04145"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://arxiv.org/abs/1507.08245"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://arxiv.org/abs/1512.06238"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://arxiv.org/abs/1403.6600"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://arxiv.org/abs/1411.1176"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=17854#comment-1491317"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://arxiv.org/abs/1403.7513"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://arxiv.org/abs/1410.0576"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://akkartik.name/post/literate-programming"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://arxiv.org/abs/1310.1620"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://arxiv.org/abs/1309.2860"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.replicatedtypo.com/evolang-coverage-more-on-linguistic-replicators/4931.html"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://arxiv.org/abs/1101.3501"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://kieranhealy.org/blog/archives/2011/08/26/the-performativity-of-networks-2/"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=3180"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="http://arxiv.org/abs/math/9404236v1"/>
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    <title>[2505.21991] Bridging Fitness With Search Spaces By Fitness Supremums: A Theoretical Study on LGP</title>
    <dc:date>2025-06-04T18:35:32+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.21991</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[Genetic programming has undergone rapid development in recent years. However, theoretical studies of genetic programming are far behind. One of the major obstacles to theoretical studies is the challenge of developing a model to describe the relationship between fitness values and program genotypes. In this paper, we take linear genetic programming (LGP) as an example to study the fitness-to-genotype relationship. We find that the fitness expectation increases with fitness supremum over instruction editing distance, considering 1) the fitness supremum linearly increases with the instruction editing distance in LGP, 2) the fitness infimum is fixed, and 3) the fitness probabilities over different instruction editing distances are similar. We then extend these findings to explain the bloat effect and the minimum hitting time of LGP based on instruction editing distance. The bloat effect happens because it is more likely to produce better offspring by adding instructions than by removing them, given an instruction editing distance from the optimal program. The analysis of the minimum hitting time suggests that for a basic LGP genetic operator (i.e., freemut), maintaining a necessarily small program size and mutating multiple instructions each time can improve LGP performance. The reported empirical results verify our hypothesis.
]]></description>
<dc:subject>genetic-programming theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree evolutionary-algorithms to-understand to-write-about consider:abstraction</dc:subject>
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<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:9a8fcf1518c8/</dc:identifier>
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<item rdf:about="https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2302491120">
    <title>An illusion of predictability in scientific results: Even experts confuse inferential uncertainty and outcome variability | PNAS</title>
    <dc:date>2024-09-23T13:21:58+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2302491120</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[Traditionally, scientists have placed more emphasis on communicating inferential uncertainty (i.e., the precision of statistical estimates) compared to outcome variability (i.e., the predictability of individual outcomes). Here, we show that this can lead to sizable misperceptions about the implications of scientific results. Specifically, we present three preregistered, randomized experiments where participants saw the same scientific findings visualized as showing only inferential uncertainty, only outcome variability, or both and answered questions about the size and importance of findings they were shown. Our results, composed of responses from medical professionals, professional data scientists, and tenure-track faculty, show that the prevalent form of visualizing only inferential uncertainty can lead to significant overestimates of treatment effects, even among highly trained experts. In contrast, we find that depicting both inferential uncertainty and outcome variability leads to more accurate perceptions of results while appearing to leave other subjective impressions of the results unchanged, on average.]]></description>
<dc:subject>science-studies uncertainty define-your-terms theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree rather-interesting statistics folk-science-all-the-way-down social-norms</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:a8db07b996da/</dc:identifier>
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<item rdf:about="https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.08383">
    <title>[2204.08383] 'I think I discovered a military base in the middle of the ocean' -- Null Island, the most real of fictional places</title>
    <dc:date>2022-05-01T11:52:46+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.08383</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[This paper explores Null Island, a fictional place located at 0∘ latitude and 0∘ longitude in the WGS84 geographic coordinate system. Null Island is erroneously associated with large amounts of geographic data in a wide variety of location-based services, place databases, social media and web-based maps. While it was originally considered a joke within the geospatial community, this article will demonstrate implications of its existence, both technological and social in nature, promoting Null Island as a fundamental issue of geographic information that requires more widespread awareness. The article summarizes error sources that lead to data being associated with Null Island. We identify four evolutionary phases which help explain how this fictional place evolved and established itself as an entity reaching beyond the geospatial profession to the point of being discovered by the visual arts and the general population. After providing an accurate account of data that can be found at (0, 0), geospatial, technological and social implications of Null Island are discussed. Guidelines to avoid misplacing data to Null Island are provided. Since data will likely continue to appear at this location, our contribution is aimed at both GIScientists and the general population to promote awareness of this error source.
]]></description>
<dc:subject>social-psychology the-mangle-in-practice rather-interesting geography theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:4c74799c3a54/</dc:identifier>
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<item rdf:about="https://understandingsociety.blogspot.com/2021/03/wickham-on-feudalism.html">
    <title>Understanding Society: Wickham on &quot;feudalism&quot;</title>
    <dc:date>2021-06-05T10:29:57+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://understandingsociety.blogspot.com/2021/03/wickham-on-feudalism.html</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[Rather than looking for a single all-embracing concept of the "social and political system of the medieval period", Markham insists on recognizing the diversity of arrangements found throughout the period, and the parallel importance of detailed historical investigation of various sub-regions. Franks, Magyars, Bulgars, Visigoths, Vandals, Lombards, Danes, Khazars, Anglo-Saxons, and Andalusian Muslims -- the populations of various regions of Europe possessed their own histories and social arrangements, with influences flowing in all directions over time. Attempting to capture the social system of much of this map in terms of an abstract concept of "feudalism" is an error of historiography. There are commonalities across the regions and populations of the face of Europe, created by the fundamental existential circumstances of life in an environment with limited technology, communication, and travel. But the problems of material life, and the political and coercive arrangements through which groups of people were coordinated and controlled, varied across time and space. This critique can be put in terms of Weber's idea of ideal types as well (link): the concept of feudalism is an ideal type, that accentuates some features of the social order and minimizes others, in order to capture a broad social reality in a compact description. But for Wickham the historian, this attempt is wrong-headed. We do not gain anything of intellectual value by asserting that rural England, Saxony, and the territory of the Khazars were all "feudal" in their fundamental social relations. 
]]></description>
<dc:subject>political-economy history it's-more-complicated-than-you-think rather-interesting theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:d929c214783d/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:it's-more-complicated-than-you-think"/>
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<item rdf:about="https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.12901">
    <title>[1904.12901] Challenges of Real-World Reinforcement Learning</title>
    <dc:date>2021-05-19T10:48:38+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.12901</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[Reinforcement learning (RL) has proven its worth in a series of artificial domains, and is beginning to show some successes in real-world scenarios. However, much of the research advances in RL are often hard to leverage in real-world systems due to a series of assumptions that are rarely satisfied in practice. We present a set of nine unique challenges that must be addressed to productionize RL to real world problems. For each of these challenges, we specify the exact meaning of the challenge, present some approaches from the literature, and specify some metrics for evaluating that challenge. An approach that addresses all nine challenges would be applicable to a large number of real world problems. We also present an example domain that has been modified to present these challenges as a testbed for practical RL research.
]]></description>
<dc:subject>machine-learning reinforcement-learning algorithms theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree rather-interesting pragmatics to-write-about consider:robustness consider:noise performance-measure</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:a457ad6632d4/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:machine-learning"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:consider:robustness"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:consider:noise"/>
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<item rdf:about="http://evonomics.com/the-only-woman-to-win-the-nobel-prize-economics-debunked/">
    <title>The Only Woman to Win the Nobel Prize in Economics Also Debunked the Orthodoxy - Evonomics</title>
    <dc:date>2018-05-16T12:30:53+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://evonomics.com/the-only-woman-to-win-the-nobel-prize-economics-debunked/</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[I mention Lloyd’s essay to illustrate how ridiculous yet persistent the misconceptions about the “tragedy” dynamic truly are. Commons scholar Lewis Hyde dryly notes, “Just as Hardin proposes a herdsman whose reason is unable to encompass the common good, so Lloyd supposes persons who have no way to speak with each other or make joint decisions. Both writers inject laissez-faire individualism into an old agrarian village and then gravely announce that the commons is dead. From the point of view of such a village, Lloyd’s assumptions are as crazy as asking us to ‘suppose a man to have a purse to which his left and right hand may freely resort, each unaware of the other’.”

This absurdity, unfortunately, is the basis for a large literature of “prisoner’s dilemma” experiments that purport to show how “rational individuals” behave when confronted with “social dilemmas,” such as how to allocate a limited resource. Should the “prisoner” cooperate with other potential claimants and share the limited rewards? Or should he or she defect by grabbing as much for himself as possible?

]]></description>
<dc:subject>economics ideology public-policy models-and-modes commons to-write-about theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree libertarianism assumptions</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:84d60963032c/</dc:identifier>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:to-write-about"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:libertarianism"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:assumptions"/>
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<item rdf:about="http://crookedtimber.org/2017/07/21/why-coases-penguin-didnt-fly/">
    <title>Why Coase’s Penguin didn’t fly * — Crooked Timber</title>
    <dc:date>2017-08-04T13:04:02+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://crookedtimber.org/2017/07/21/why-coases-penguin-didnt-fly/</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[This is a very simple model, but it arguably represents many social relationships. One business can extract much better terms from another if it is the only customer (or supplier) for a service. Peasants reportedly did much better in relations with lords after the Black Death since there were fewer of them, and lords had less opportunity to play them off each other. Very often, breakdown values depend on exit options. The more exit options you have, the less likely you are to be badly hurt if coordination fails. And the more exit options you have, the better able you are to bargain, so that you end up at the outcome that you prefer, rather than the outcome that the other party prefers.

What this means, if you take it seriously, is that Coaseian coordination is a special case of bargaining. Broadly speaking, Coaseian processes will lead to efficient outcomes only under very specific circumstances – when the actors have symmetrical breakdown values, as in the first game, so that neither of them is able to prevail over the other. More simply put, the Coase transaction cost account of how efficient institutions emerge will only work when all actors are more or less equally powerful. Under these conditions, it is perfectly alright to assume as Coase (and Benkler by extension) do, that efficiency considerations rather than power relations will drive change. In contrast, where there are significant differences of power, actors will converge on the institutions that reflect the preferences of powerful actors, even if those institutions are not the most efficient possible.]]></description>
<dc:subject>economics markets(again) game-theory via:? theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree social-dynamics</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:9106615bba5d/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:economics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:markets(again)"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:game-theory"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:via:?"/>
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	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:social-dynamics"/>
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</item>
<item rdf:about="http://nautil.us/issue/49/the-absurd/the-impossible-mathematics-of-the-real-world">
    <title>How to Build an Impossible Polyhedron</title>
    <dc:date>2017-06-17T13:14:48+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://nautil.us/issue/49/the-absurd/the-impossible-mathematics-of-the-real-world</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[Using stiff paper and transparent tape, Craig Kaplan assembles a beautiful roundish shape that looks like a Buckminster Fuller creation or a fancy new kind of soccer ball. It consists of four regular dodecagons (12-sided polygons with all angles and sides the same) and 12 decagons (10-sided), with 28 little gaps in the shape of equilateral triangles. There’s just one problem. This figure should be impossible. That set of polygons won’t meet at the vertices. The shape can’t close up.]]></description>
<dc:subject>via:my markup mathematics approximation rather-interesting number-theory open-questions to-write-about theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree philosophy-of-science</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:17c54f39b82f/</dc:identifier>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.earningmyturns.org/2017/06/a-computational-linguistic-farce-in.html">
    <title>Earning My Turns: A (computational) linguistic farce in three acts</title>
    <dc:date>2017-06-17T11:50:43+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.earningmyturns.org/2017/06/a-computational-linguistic-farce-in.html</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[The empiricist invaders were in their way heirs to Shannon, Turing, Kullback, I.J. Good who had been plying an effective if secretive trade at IDA and later at IBM and Bell Labs looking at speech recognition and translation as cryptanalysis problems (The history of the road from Bletchley Park to HMMs to IBM Model 2 is still buried in the murk of not fully declassified materials, but it would be awesome to write — I just found this about the early steps that could be a lot of fun). They convinced funders, especially at DARPA, that the rationalist empire was hollow and that statistical metrics on (supposedly) realistic tasks were needed to drive computational language work to practical success, as had been happening in speech recognition (although by the light of today, that speech recognition progress was less impressive than it seemed then). It did not hurt the campaign that many of the invaders were closer to the DoD in their backgrounds, careers, and outlooks than egghead computational linguists (another story that could be expanded, but might make some uncomfortable). Anyway, I was there in meetings where the empiricist invaders allied with funders increasingly laid down the new rules of the game. Like in the Norman invasion of England, a whole new vocabulary took over quickly with the new aristocracy.
]]></description>
<dc:subject>natural-language-processing history-of-science system-of-professions essay have-read the-objective-truth-oh-right theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:467ba96f5063/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:natural-language-processing"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:history-of-science"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:system-of-professions"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:essay"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:have-read"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:the-objective-truth-oh-right"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://placesjournal.org/article/a-city-is-not-a-computer/">
    <title>A City Is Not a Computer</title>
    <dc:date>2017-02-11T15:26:41+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://placesjournal.org/article/a-city-is-not-a-computer/</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[We must also recognize the shortcomings in models that presume the objectivity of urban data and conveniently delegate critical, often ethical decisions to the machine. We, humans, make urban information by various means: through sensory experience, through long-term exposure to a place, and, yes, by systematically filtering data. It’s essential to make space in our cities for those diverse methods of knowledge production. And we have to grapple with the political and ethical implications of our methods and models, embedded in all acts of planning and design. City-making is always, simultaneously, an enactment of city-knowing — which cannot be reduced to computation.]]></description>
<dc:subject>urban-planning technocracy learning modeling-is-not-mathematics social-dynamics theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree to-write-about via:arthegall</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:aa7039db85f8/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:urban-planning"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:technocracy"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:learning"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:modeling-is-not-mathematics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:social-dynamics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:to-write-about"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:via:arthegall"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/12/23/096438?rss=1%2522">
    <title>Genotypic complexity of Fisher's geometric model | bioRxiv</title>
    <dc:date>2017-01-04T13:25:01+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/12/23/096438?rss=1%2522</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[Fisher's geometric model was originally introduced to argue that complex adaptations must occur in small steps because of pleiotropic constraints. When supplemented with the assumption of additivity of mutational effects on phenotypic traits, it provides a simple mechanism for the emergence of genotypic epistasis from the nonlinear mapping of phenotypes to fitness. Of particular interest is the occurrence of sign epistasis, which is a necessary condition for multipeaked genotypic fitness landscapes. Here we compute the probability that a pair of randomly chosen mutations interacts sign-epistatically, which is found to decrease algebraically with increasing phenotypic dimension n, and varies non-monotonically with the distance from the phenotypic optimum. We then derive asymptotic expressions for the mean number of fitness maxima in genotypic landscapes composed of all combinations of L random mutations. This number increases exponentially with L, and the corresponding growth rate is used as a measure of the complexity of the genotypic landscape. The dependence of the complexity on the parameters of the model is found to be surprisingly rich, and three distinct phases characterized by different landscape structures are identified. The complexity generally decreases with increasing phenotypic dimension, but a non-monotonic dependence on n is found in certain regimes. Our results inform the interpretation of experiments where the parameters of Fisher's model have been inferred from data, and help to elucidate which features of empirical fitness landscapes can (or cannot) be described by this model.

]]></description>
<dc:subject>population-biology theoretical-biology theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree fitness-landscapes models-and-modes to-write-about nudge-targets consider:rediscovery consider:robustness consider:multiobjective-versions</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:02ca5aad3afb/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:population-biology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theoretical-biology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:fitness-landscapes"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:models-and-modes"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:to-write-about"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:nudge-targets"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:consider:rediscovery"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:consider:robustness"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:consider:multiobjective-versions"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="https://lipoblog.wordpress.com/2016/10/26/the-burden-of-connoisseurship/">
    <title>The burden of connoisseurship | L I P O S U C T I O N</title>
    <dc:date>2016-10-28T09:07:04+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>https://lipoblog.wordpress.com/2016/10/26/the-burden-of-connoisseurship/</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[People react to this challenge in different ways. I can think of at least two fairly common attitudes, often compartmentalized:

Nuance is unknowable, sacred, and profaned by tradeoffs – Denies and/or works against atomization by sacralizing already-atomized structures that are too late to preserve; focuses on harms of global cultural exchange and discounts benefits; zero-sum — widespread use of particular element is believed to dilute its “magic” for the “original” users; reflexively opposed to mass produced items.
Nuance doesn’t exist or is unimportant – Assumes connoisseurship is a treadmill, and that everyone more discerning is just being pretentious; reflexively opposed to artisanal/bespoke items.
]]></description>
<dc:subject>social-norms social-psychology theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:90ada3bd23fe/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:social-norms"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:social-psychology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1509.04145">
    <title>[1509.04145] The physics of epigenetics</title>
    <dc:date>2016-02-25T11:54:51+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1509.04145</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[In higher organisms, all cells share the same genome, but every cell expresses only a limited and specific set of genes that defines the cell type. During cell division, not only the genome, but also the cell type is inherited by the daughter cells. This intriguing phenomenon is achieved by a variety of processes that have been collectively termed epigenetics: the stable and inheritable changes in gene expression patterns. This article reviews the extremely rich and exquisitely multi-scale physical mechanisms that govern the biological processes behind the initiation, spreading and inheritance of epigenetic states. These include not only the change in the molecular properties associated with the chemical modifications of DNA and histone proteins - such as methylation and acetylation - but also less conventional ones, such as the physics that governs the three-dimensional organization of the genome in cell nuclei. Strikingly, to achieve stability and heritability of epigenetic states, cells take advantage of many different physical principles, such as the universal behavior of polymers and copolymers, the general features of non-equilibrium dynamical systems, and the electrostatic and mechanical properties related to chemical modifications of DNA and histones. By putting the complex biological literature under this new light, the emerging picture is that a limited set of general physical rules play a key role in initiating, shaping and transmitting this crucial "epigenetic landscape". This new perspective not only allows to rationalize the normal cellular functions, but also helps to understand the emergence of pathological states, in which the epigenetic landscape becomes dysfunctional.
]]></description>
<dc:subject>epigenetic review biophysics supramolecular-complexes it's-more-complicated-than-you-think molecular-machinery complexology theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:e502aa78093a/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:epigenetic"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:review"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:biophysics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:supramolecular-complexes"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:it's-more-complicated-than-you-think"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:molecular-machinery"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:complexology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1507.08245">
    <title>[1507.08245] Epistasis and the structure of fitness landscapes: are experimental fitness landscapes compatible with Fisher's model?</title>
    <dc:date>2016-02-24T23:34:40+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1507.08245</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[The fitness landscape defines the relationship between genotypes and fitness in a given environment, and underlies fundamental quantities such as the distribution of selection coefficient, or the magnitude and type of epistasis. A better understanding of variation of landscape structure across species and environments is thus necessary to understand and predict how populations adapt. An increasing number of experiments access the properties of fitness landscapes by identifying mutations, constructing genotypes with combinations of these mutations, and measuring fitness of these genotypes. Yet these empirical landscapes represent a very small sample of the vast space of all possible genotypes, and this sample is biased by the protocol used to identify mutations. Here we develop a rigorous and flexible statistical framework based on Approximate Bayesian Computation to address these concerns, and use this framework to fit a broad class of phenotypic fitness models (including Fisher's model) to 24 empirical landscapes representing 9 diverse biological systems. In spite of uncertainty due to the small size of most published empirical landscapes, the inferred landscapes have similar structure in similar biological systems. Surprisingly, goodness of fit tests reveal that this class of phenotypic models, which has been successful so far in interpreting experimental data, is a plausible model in only 3 out of 9 biological systems. In most cases, including notably the landscapes of drug resistance, Fisher's model is not able to explain the structure of empirical landscapes and patterns of epistasis.
]]></description>
<dc:subject>fitness-landscapes looking-to-see theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree theoretical-biology population-biology modeling-is-not-mathematics</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:ec861139076b/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:fitness-landscapes"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:looking-to-see"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theoretical-biology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:population-biology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:modeling-is-not-mathematics"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1512.06238">
    <title>[1512.06238] The Limitations of Optimization from Samples</title>
    <dc:date>2015-12-28T13:17:13+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1512.06238</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[As we grow highly dependent on data for making predictions, we translate these predictions into models that help us make informed decisions. But what are the guarantees we have? Can we optimize decisions on models learned from data and be guaranteed that we achieve desirable outcomes? In this paper we formalize this question through a novel model called optimization from samples (OPS). In the OPS model, we are given sampled values of a function drawn from some distribution and our objective is to optimize the function under some constraint. Our main interest is in the following question: are functions that are learnable (from samples) and approximable (given oracle access to the function) also optimizable from samples? 
We show that there are classes of submodular functions which have desirable approximation and learnability guarantees and for which no reasonable approximation for optimizing from samples is achievable. In particular, our main result shows that even for maximization of coverage functions under a cardinality constraint k, there exists a hypothesis class of functions that cannot be approximated within a factor of n−1/4+ϵ (for any constant ϵ>0) of the optimal solution, from samples drawn from the uniform distribution over all sets of size at most k. In the general case of monotone submodular functions, we show an n−1/3+ϵ lower bound and an almost matching Ω~(n−1/3)-optimization from samples algorithm. Additive and unit-demand functions can be optimized from samples to within arbitrarily good precision. Finally, we also consider a corresponding notion of additive approximation for continuous optimization from samples, and show near-optimal hardness for concave maximization and convex minimization.
]]></description>
<dc:subject>theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree statistics inference learning-from-data no-free-lunch nudge-targets consider:stress-testing</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:e3e7d573d961/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:statistics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:inference"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:learning-from-data"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:no-free-lunch"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:nudge-targets"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:consider:stress-testing"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1403.6600">
    <title>[1403.6600] How Crossover Speeds Up Building-Block Assembly in Genetic Algorithms</title>
    <dc:date>2015-09-13T21:41:40+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1403.6600</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[We re-investigate a fundamental question: how effective is crossover in Genetic Algorithms in combining building blocks of good solutions? Although this has been discussed controversially for decades, we are still lacking a rigorous and intuitive answer. We provide such answers for royal road functions and OneMax, where every bit is a building block. For the latter we show that using crossover makes every (μ+λ) Genetic Algorithm at least twice as fast as the fastest evolutionary algorithm using only standard bit mutation, up to small-order terms and for moderate μ and λ. Crossover is beneficial because it effectively turns fitness-neutral mutations into improvements by combining the right building blocks at a later stage. Compared to mutation-based evolutionary algorithms, this makes multi-bit mutations more useful. Introducing crossover changes the optimal mutation rate on OneMax from 1/n to (1+5‾‾√)/2⋅1/n≈1.618/n. This holds both for uniform crossover and k-point crossover. Experiments and statistical tests confirm that our findings apply to a broad class of building-block functions.
]]></description>
<dc:subject>evolutionary-algorithms building-blocks retro metaheuristics theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:ddc29ea924a6/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:evolutionary-algorithms"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:building-blocks"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:retro"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:metaheuristics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1411.1176">
    <title>[1411.1176] A computational framework for bioimaging simulation</title>
    <dc:date>2015-06-20T12:06:15+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1411.1176</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[Using bioimaging technology, biologists have attempted to identify and document analytical interpretations that underlie biological phenomena in biological cells. Theoretical biology aims at distilling those interpretations into knowledge in the mathematical form of biochemical reaction networks and understanding how higher level functions emerge from the combined action of biomolecules. However, there still remain formidable challenges in bridging the gap between bioimaging and mathematical modeling. Generally, measurements using fluorescence microscopy systems are influenced by systematic effects that arise from stochastic nature of biological cells, the imaging apparatus, and optical physics. Such systematic effects are always present in all bioimaging systems and hinder quantitative comparison between the cell model and bioimages. Computational tools for such a comparison are still unavailable. Thus, in this work, we present a computational framework for handling the parameters of the cell models and the optical physics governing bioimaging systems. Simulation using this framework can generate digital images of cell simulation results after accounting for the systematic effects. We then demonstrate that such a framework enables comparison at the level of photon-counting units.
]]></description>
<dc:subject>cell-biology experiment theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree rather-interesting empirical-simulation</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:421e5f531d86/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:cell-biology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:experiment"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:rather-interesting"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:empirical-simulation"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=17854#comment-1491317">
    <title>Language Log » &quot;They called for more structure&quot;</title>
    <dc:date>2015-02-27T15:50:40+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=17854#comment-1491317</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[Researchers with a scruffy-AI mindset may think that's just fine. Either they suspect that brains themselves are much scruffier than linguists admit, or they have no opinion about brains and simply want to engineer a working product.

]]></description>
<dc:subject>philosophy-of-science philosophy-of-engineering nice linguistics but-also-artificial-intelligence theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree the-mangle-in-practice</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:ad456dacd09a/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:philosophy-of-science"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:philosophy-of-engineering"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:nice"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:linguistics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:but-also-artificial-intelligence"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:the-mangle-in-practice"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1403.7513">
    <title>[1403.7513] Localized lasing modes of triangular organic microlasers</title>
    <dc:date>2015-02-23T11:41:56+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1403.7513</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[We investigated experimentally the ray-wave correspondence in organic microlasers of various triangular shapes. Triangular billiards are of interest since they are the simplest cases of polygonal billiards and the existence and properties of periodic orbits in triangles are not yet fully understood. The microlasers with symmetric shapes that were investigated exhibited states localized on simple periodic orbits, and their lasing characteristics like spectra and far-field distributions could be well explained by the properties of the periodic orbits. Furthermore, asymmetric triangles that do not feature simple periodic orbits were studied. Their lasing properties were found to be more complicated and could not be explained by periodic orbits.
]]></description>
<dc:subject>optics billiards checking-to-see experiment rather-interesting dynamical-systems experimental-design ingenious-frankly doing-hard-math-with-physical-experiments theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:8327128cfd96/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:optics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:billiards"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:checking-to-see"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:experiment"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:rather-interesting"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:dynamical-systems"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:experimental-design"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:ingenious-frankly"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:doing-hard-math-with-physical-experiments"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2014/10/14/002287">
    <title>Predicting growth conditions from internal metabolic fluxes in an in-silico model of E. coli | bioRxiv</title>
    <dc:date>2014-11-05T13:04:26+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2014/10/14/002287</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[A widely studied problem in systems biology is to predict bacterial phenotype from growth conditions, using mechanistic models such as flux balance analysis (FBA). However, the inverse prediction of growth conditions from phenotype is rarely considered. Here we develop a computational framework to carry out this inverse prediction on a computational model of bacterial metabolism. We use FBA to calculate bacterial phenotypes from growth conditions in E. coli, and then we assess how accurately we can predict the original growth conditions from the phenotypes. Prediction is carried out via regularized multinomial regression. Our analysis provides several important physiological and statistical insights. First, we show that by analyzing metabolic end products we can consistently predict growth conditions. Second, prediction is reliable even in the presence of small amounts of impurities. Third, flux through a relatively small number of reactions per growth source (~10) is sufficient for accurate prediction. Fourth, combining the predictions from two separate models, one trained only on carbon sources and one only on nitrogen sources, performs better than models trained to perform joint prediction. Finally, that separate predictions perform better than a more sophisticated joint prediction scheme suggests that carbon and nitrogen utilization pathways, despite jointly affecting cellular growth, may be fairly decoupled in terms of their dependence on specific assortments of molecular precursors.

]]></description>
<dc:subject>systems-biology models prediction validation-and-verification rather-interesting theoretical-biology theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:4304c7fbfd90/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:systems-biology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:models"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:prediction"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:validation-and-verification"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:rather-interesting"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theoretical-biology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1410.0576">
    <title>[1410.0576] Mapping Energy Landscapes of Non-Convex Learning Problems</title>
    <dc:date>2014-10-11T11:58:31+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1410.0576</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[In many statistical learning problems, the target functions to be optimized are highly non-convex in various model spaces and thus are difficult to analyze. In this paper, we compute \emph{Energy Landscape Maps} (ELMs) which characterize and visualize an energy function with a tree structure, in which each leaf node represents a local minimum and each non-leaf node represents the barrier between adjacent energy basins. The ELM also associates each node with the estimated probability mass and volume for the corresponding energy basin. We construct ELMs by adopting the generalized Wang-Landau algorithm and multi-domain sampler that simulates a Markov chain traversing the model space by dynamically reweighting the energy function. We construct ELMs in the model space for two classic statistical learning problems: i) clustering with Gaussian mixture models or Bernoulli templates; and ii) bi-clustering. We propose a way to measure the difficulties (or complexity) of these learning problems and study how various conditions affect the landscape complexity, such as separability of the clusters, the number of examples, and the level of supervision; and we also visualize the behaviors of different algorithms, such as K-mean, EM, two-step EM and Swendsen-Wang cuts, in the energy landscapes.
]]></description>
<dc:subject>fitness-landscapes energy-landscapes algorithms machine-learning visualization rather-interesting talking-about-doing theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:71220e24debc/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:fitness-landscapes"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:energy-landscapes"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:algorithms"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:machine-learning"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:visualization"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:rather-interesting"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:talking-about-doing"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://akkartik.name/post/literate-programming">
    <title>Literate programming: Knuth is doing it wrong</title>
    <dc:date>2014-10-07T11:21:53+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://akkartik.name/post/literate-programming</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[Literate programming advocates this: Order your code for others to read, not for the compiler. Beautifully typeset your code so one can curl up in bed to read it like a novel. Keep documentation in sync with code. What's not to like about this vision? I have two beefs with it: the ends are insufficiently ambitious by focusing on a passive representation; and the means were insufficiently polished, by over-emphasizing typesetting at the cost of prose quality. Elaboration, in reverse order:

]]></description>
<dc:subject>via:? literate-programming Donald-Knuth narrative communication theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree collaboration-trumping-exposition philosophy-of-engineering nothing-a-good-editor-couldn't-fax-[sic]</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:702a0933a2bd/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:via:?"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:literate-programming"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:Donald-Knuth"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:narrative"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:communication"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:collaboration-trumping-exposition"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:philosophy-of-engineering"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:nothing-a-good-editor-couldn't-fax-[sic]"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1405.2881">
    <title>[1405.2881] Consistency of Random Forests</title>
    <dc:date>2014-09-28T10:53:55+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1405.2881</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[Random forests are a learning algorithm proposed by Breiman (2001) which combines several randomized decision trees and aggregates their predictions by averaging. Despite its wide usage and outstanding practical performance, little is known about the mathematical properties of the procedure. This disparity between theory and practice originates in the difficulty to simultaneously analyze both the randomization process and the highly data-dependent tree structure. In the present paper, we take a step forward in forest exploration by proving a consistency result for Breiman's (2001) original algorithm in the context of additive regression models. Our analysis also sheds an interesting light on how random forests can nicely adapt to sparsity in high-dimensional settings.
]]></description>
<dc:subject>random-forests statistics models algorithms analysis meta-modeling warranted-assertions theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:ee88cd5d441f/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:random-forests"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:statistics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:models"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:algorithms"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:analysis"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:meta-modeling"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:warranted-assertions"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1405.0108">
    <title>[1405.0108] Computing Strong Nash Equilibria for Multiplayer Games</title>
    <dc:date>2014-09-07T10:47:52+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1405.0108</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[An heuristic approach to compute strong Nash (Aumann) equilibria is presented. The method is based on differential evolution and three variants of a generative relation for strong Nash equilibria characterization. Numerical experiments performed on the minimum effort game for up to 150 players illustrate the efficiency of the approach. The advantages and disadvantages of each variant is discussed in terms of precision and running time.
]]></description>
<dc:subject>game-theory Nash-equilibria algorithms approximation theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree nudge-targets consider:stress-testing</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:9d4c69940052/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:game-theory"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:Nash-equilibria"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:algorithms"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:approximation"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:nudge-targets"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:consider:stress-testing"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1408.4890">
    <title>[1408.4890] Van der Pol and the history of relaxation oscillations: toward the emergence of a concept</title>
    <dc:date>2014-08-31T11:24:36+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1408.4890</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[Relaxation oscillations are commonly associated with the name of Balthazar van der Pol via his eponymous paper (Philosophical Magazine, 1926) in which he apparently introduced this terminology to describe the nonlinear oscillations produced by self-sustained oscillating systems such as a triode circuit. Our aim is to investigate how relaxation oscillations were actually discovered. Browsing the literature from the late 19th century, we identified four self-oscillating systems in which relaxation oscillations have been observed: i) the series dynamo machine conducted by G\'erard-Lescuyer (1880), ii) the musical arc discovered by Duddell (1901) and investigated by Blondel (1905), iii) the triode invented by de Forest (1907) and, iv) the multivibrator elaborated by Abraham and Bloch (1917). The differential equation describing such a self-oscillating system was proposed by Poincar\'e for the musical arc (1908), by Janet for the series dynamo machine (1919), and by Blondel for the triode (1919). Once Janet (1919) established that these three self-oscillating systems can be described by the same equation, van der Pol proposed (1926) a generic dimensionless equation which captures the relevant dynamical properties shared by these systems. Van der Pol's contributions during the period of 1926-1930 were investigated to show how, with Le Corbeiller's help, he popularized the "relaxation oscillations" using the previous experiments as examples and, turned them into a concept.
]]></description>
<dc:subject>history-of-science anomaly-detection philosophy-of-science philosophy-of-engineering the-mangle-in-practice theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:9f12295a40c7/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:history-of-science"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:anomaly-detection"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:philosophy-of-science"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:philosophy-of-engineering"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:the-mangle-in-practice"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1408.1381">
    <title>[1408.1381] A population background for nonparametric density-based clustering</title>
    <dc:date>2014-08-09T11:39:18+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1408.1381</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[Despite its popularity, it is widely recognized that the investigation of some theoretical aspects of clustering has been relatively sparse. One of the main reasons for this lack of theoretical results is surely the fact that, unlike the situation with other statistical problems as regression or classification, for some of the clustering methodologies it is difficult to specify both, the target object that they seek after from a population point of view, and the population goal to which the data-based clustering algorithms try to get close. This paper aims to provide some insight into the theoretical foundations of clustering by focusing on two main objectives: to provide an explicit formulation for the ideal population goal of the modal clustering methodology, which understands clusters as regions of high density; and to present two new risk functions, applicable to any clustering methodology, to evaluate the performance of a data-based clustering algorithm with respect to the ideal population goal. In particular, it is shown that only mild conditions on a sequence of density estimators are needed to ensure that the sequence of modal clusterings that they induce is consistent.
]]></description>
<dc:subject>clustering theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree narrative interesting fundamentals close-reading enginering-criti</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:b6f4a207b710/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:clustering"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:narrative"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:interesting"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:fundamentals"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:close-reading"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:enginering-criti"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1110.3845">
    <title>[1110.3845] Eco-Evolutionary Feedback in Host--Pathogen Spatial Dynamics</title>
    <dc:date>2014-07-31T10:53:53+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1110.3845</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[Spatial extent is a complicating factor in mathematical biology. The possibility that an action at point A cannot immediately affect what happens at point B creates the opportunity for spatial nonuniformity. This nonuniformity must change our understanding of evolutionary dynamics, as the same organism in different places can have different expected evolutionary outcomes. Since organism origins and fates are both determined locally, we must consider heterogeneity explicitly to determine its effects. We use simulations of spatially extended host--pathogen and predator--prey ecosystems to reveal the limitations of standard mathematical treatments of spatial heterogeneity. Our model ecosystem generates heterogeneity dynamically; an adaptive network of hosts on which pathogens are transmitted arises as an emergent phenomenon. The structure and dynamics of this network differ in significant ways from those of related models studied in the adaptive-network field. We use a new technique, organism swapping, to test the efficacy of both simple approximations and more elaborate moment-closure methods, and a new measure to reveal the timescale dependence of invasive-strain behavior. Our results demonstrate the failure not only of the most straightforward ("mean field") approximation, which smooths over heterogeneity entirely, but also of the standard correction ("pair approximation") to the mean field treatment. In spatial contexts, invasive pathogen varieties can prosper initially but perish in the medium term, implying that the concepts of reproductive fitness and the Evolutionary Stable Strategy have to be modified for such systems.
]]></description>
<dc:subject>complexology agent-based theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree didn't-we-already-have-one-of-these-a-long-time-ago?</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:9f63d3e5da72/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:complexology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:agent-based"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:didn't-we-already-have-one-of-these-a-long-time-ago?"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1208.6469">
    <title>[1208.6469] Periodic frequencies of the cycles in $2times2$ games: evidence from experimental economics</title>
    <dc:date>2014-05-02T11:15:26+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1208.6469</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[Evolutionary dynamics provides an iconic relationship --- the periodic frequency of a game is determined by the payoff matrix of the game. This paper reports the first experimental evidence to demonstrate this relationship. Evidence comes from two populations randomly-matched 2×2 games with 12 different payoff matrix parameters. The directions, frequencies and changes in the radius of the cycles are measured definitively. The main finding is that the observed periodic frequencies of the persistent cycles are significantly different in games with different parameters. Two replicator dynamics, standard and adjusted, are employed as predictors for the periodic frequency. Interestingly, both of the models could infer the difference of the observed frequencies well. The experimental frequencies linearly, positively and significantly relate to the theoretical frequencies, but the adjusted model performs slightly better.
]]></description>
<dc:subject>evolutionary-economics theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree experiment interesting heuristics social-dynamics game-theory</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:d7d8468a8063/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:evolutionary-economics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:experiment"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:interesting"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:heuristics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:social-dynamics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:game-theory"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1310.3167">
    <title>[1310.3167] Well-Posedness And Accuracy Of The Ensemble Kalman Filter In Discrete And Continuous Time</title>
    <dc:date>2014-03-31T11:16:25+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1310.3167</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is a method for combining a dynamical model with data in a sequential fashion. Despite its widespread use, there has been little analysis of its theoretical properties. Many of the algorithmic innovations associated with the filter, which are required to make a useable algorithm in practice, are derived in an ad hoc fashion. The aim of this paper is to initiate the development of a systematic analysis of the EnKF, in particular to do so in the small ensemble size limit. The perspective is to view the method as a state estimator, and not as an algorithm which approximates the true filtering distribution. The perturbed observation version of the algorithm is studied, without and with variance inflation. Without variance inflation well-posedness of the filter is established; with variance inflation accuracy of the filter, with resepct to the true signal underlying the data, is established. The algorithm is considered in discrete time, and also for a continuous time limit arising when observations are frequent and subject to large noise. The underlying dynamical model, and assumptions about it, is sufficiently general to include the Lorenz '63 and '96 models, together with the incompressible Navier-Stokes equation on a two-dimensional torus. The analysis is limited to the case of complete observation of the signal with additive white noise. Numerical results are presented for the Navier-Stokes equation on a two-dimensional torus for both complete and partial observations of the signal with additive white noise.
]]></description>
<dc:subject>theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree statistics algorithms interesting learning-from-data learning-by-doing</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:b33bdbc4df9b/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:statistics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:algorithms"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:interesting"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:learning-from-data"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:learning-by-doing"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1305.5476">
    <title>[1305.5476] Universal size effects for populations in group-outcome decision-making problems</title>
    <dc:date>2014-01-24T11:53:55+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1305.5476</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[Elections constitute a paradigm of decision-making problems that have puzzled experts of different disciplines for decades. We study two decision-making problems, where groups make decisions that impact only themselves as a group. In both studied cases, participation in local elections and the number of democratic representatives at different scales (from local to national), we observe a universal scaling with the constituency size. These results may be interpreted as constituencies having a hierarchical structure, where each group of N agents, at each level of the hierarchy, is divided in about Nδ subgroups with δ≈1/3. Following this interpretation, we propose a phenomenological model of vote participation where abstention is related to the perceived link of an agent to the rest of the constituency and which reproduces quantitatively the observed data.
]]></description>
<dc:subject>decision-making economics theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree actual-data-how-odd complexology collective-intelligence</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:efbde445abc6/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:decision-making"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:economics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:actual-data-how-odd"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:complexology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:collective-intelligence"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://crookedtimber.org/2014/01/22/new-old-keynesianism/">
    <title>New Old Keynesianism — Crooked Timber</title>
    <dc:date>2014-01-24T11:27:50+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://crookedtimber.org/2014/01/22/new-old-keynesianism/</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[I haven’t said much about the other side of the debate: the New Classical/Chicago/austerity camp. That’s because, on this as on most issues (climate science, energy, environmental hazards etc), the political right has immunised itself against evidence that conflicts with its desired views. The difference between economics and the natural sciences is that natural scientists have almost uniformly rejected the Republican/right position (around 6 per cent of scientists identify as Republicans). By contrast, in economics, there are plenty of Nobel prizewinners (yes, yes I know) on both sides.

]]></description>
<dc:subject>economics public-policy theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree bankers-should-start-avoiding-lampposts-right-about-now financial-crisis</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:139ef66abc16/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:economics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:public-policy"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:bankers-should-start-avoiding-lampposts-right-about-now"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:financial-crisis"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1312.4802">
    <title>[1312.4802] A Statistical Peek into Average Case Complexity</title>
    <dc:date>2014-01-13T14:01:57+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1312.4802</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[The present paper gives a statistical adventure towards exploring the average case complexity behavior of computer algorithms. Rather than following the traditional count based analytical (pen and paper) approach, we instead talk in terms of the weight based analysis that permits mixing of distinct operations into a conceptual bound called the statistical bound and its empirical estimate, the so called "empirical O". Based on careful analysis of the results obtained, we have introduced two new conjectures in the domain of algorithmic analysis. The analytical way of average case analysis falls flat when it comes to a data model for which the expectation does not exist (e.g. Cauchy distribution for continuous input data and certain discrete distribution inputs as those studied in the paper). The empirical side of our approach, with a thrust in computer experiments and applied statistics in its paradigm, lends a helping hand by complimenting and supplementing its theoretical counterpart. Computer science is or at least has aspects of an experimental science as well, and hence hopefully, our statistical findings will be equally recognized among theoretical scientists as well.
]]></description>
<dc:subject>computational-complexity algorithms statistics experiment theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree I-might-not-have-chosen-averages</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:3c139bc48e15/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:computational-complexity"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:algorithms"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:statistics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:experiment"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:I-might-not-have-chosen-averages"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://neweconomicperspectives.org/2013/11/conventional-price-mechanisms.html">
    <title>What if There Are No Conventional Price Mechanisms? | New Economic Perspectives</title>
    <dc:date>2013-12-07T22:04:25+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://neweconomicperspectives.org/2013/11/conventional-price-mechanisms.html</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[A working price mechanism requires price, wage rate, and interest flexibility and most importantly a direct and inverse law-like connection to outputs/sales, employment, and real investment.  However, with price and wage rate stability, they are not connected to sales and employment; and interest rates (whether nominal or not) have little bearing on investment decisions.  Mainstream economists have over the past 70 years come up with ad hoc explanations/theories why any one of these outcome may occur; but they have never come up with an explanation why all three occur at the same time and have been persistently occurring for at least the past 80 years (if not for the past two centuries).  So instead of continually blaming some kind of temporary imperfections in the working of the price mechanism as the cause of a malfunctioning economy, perhaps it is time to drop the myth of the price mechanism and dismiss the fictitious  ‘price problem’ and seriously consider that problems of economic recessions and unemployment are only heterodox/Post Keynesian effective demand problems.

]]></description>
<dc:subject>economics theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree academia-doesn't-guarantee-acuity public-policy models-and-modes</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:a07caa78497a/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:economics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:academia-doesn't-guarantee-acuity"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:public-policy"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:models-and-modes"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1310.1620">
    <title>[1310.1620] On the Observational Equivalence of Continuous-Time Deterministic and Indeterministic Descriptions</title>
    <dc:date>2013-11-11T23:42:08+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1310.1620</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[This paper presents and philosophically assesses three types of results on the observational equivalence of continuous-time measure-theoretic deterministic and indeterministic descriptions. The first results establish observational equivalence to abstract mathematical descriptions. The second results are stronger because they show observational equivalence between deterministic and indeterministic descriptions found in science. Here I also discuss Kolmogorov's contribution. For the third results I introduce two new meanings of `observational equivalence at every observation level'. Then I show the even stronger result of observational equivalence at every (and not just some) observation level between deterministic and indeterministic descriptions found in science. These results imply the following. Suppose one wants to find out whether a phenomenon is best modeled as deterministic or indeterministic. Then one cannot appeal to differences in the probability distributions of deterministic and indeterministic descriptions found in science to argue that one of the descriptions is preferable because there is no such difference. Finally, I criticise the extant claims of philosophers and mathematicians on observational equivalence.
]]></description>
<dc:subject>philosophy-of-science description complexity theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:3f739272d0f6/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:philosophy-of-science"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:description"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:complexity"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1309.2860">
    <title>[1309.2860] Weber's optimal stopping problem and generalizations</title>
    <dc:date>2013-09-16T22:24:05+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1309.2860</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[One way to interpret the classical secretary problem (CSP) is to consider it as a special case of the following problem. We observe $n$ independent indicator variables $I_1,I_2,\dotsc,I_n$ sequentially and we try to stop on the last variable being equal to 1. If $I_k=1$ it means that the $k$-th observed secretary has smaller rank than all previous ones (and therefore is a better secretary). In the CSP $p_k=E(I_k)=1/k$ and the last $k$ with $I_k=1$ stands for the best candidate. The more general problem of stopping on a last "1" was studied by Bruss(2000). In what we will call Weber's problem the variables $I_k$ can take more than two values and we try to stop on the last occurence of \textit{one} of these values. Notice that we do not know in advance the value taken by the variable on which we stop. 
We can solve this problem in some cases and provide algorithms to compute the optimal stopping rule. These cases carry enough generality to be applicable in concrete situations.
]]></description>
<dc:subject>prediction statistics theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree game-theory nudge-targets algorithms</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:13157640d28f/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:prediction"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:statistics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:game-theory"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:nudge-targets"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:algorithms"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1302.1543">
    <title>[1302.1543] Probability Update: Conditioning vs. Cross-Entropy</title>
    <dc:date>2013-02-17T12:50:05+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1302.1543</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[Conditioning is the generally agreed-upon method for updating probability distributions when one learns that an event is certainly true. But it has been argued that we need other rules, in particular the rule of cross-entropy minimization, to handle updates that involve uncertain information. In this paper we re-examine such a case: van Fraassen's Judy Benjamin problem, which in essence asks how one might update given the value of a conditional probability. We argue that -- contrary to the suggestions in the literature -- it is possible to use simple conditionalization in this case, and thereby obtain answers that agree fully with intuition. This contrasts with proposals such as cross-entropy, which are easier to apply but can give unsatisfactory answers. Based on the lessons from this example, we speculate on some general philosophical issues concerning probability update.]]></description>
<dc:subject>probability-theory philosophy learning-from-data theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:30e3a83ce5c1/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:probability-theory"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:philosophy"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:learning-from-data"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1207.5356">
    <title>[1207.5356] A hierarchy of self-consistent stochastic boundary conditions for Ising lattice simulations</title>
    <dc:date>2012-09-23T11:58:49+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1207.5356</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[We describe a hierarchy of stochastic boundary conditions (SBCs) that can be used to systematically eliminate finite size effects in Monte Carlo simulations of Ising lattices. For an Ising model on a $100 times 100$ square lattice, we measured the specific heat, the magnetic susceptibility, and the spin-spin correlation using SBCs of the two lowest orders, to show that they compare favourably against periodic boundary conditions (PBC) simulations and analytical results. To demonstrate how versatile the SBCs are, we then simulated an Ising lattice with a magnetized boundary, and another with an open boundary, measuring the magnetization, magnetic susceptibility, and longitudinal and transverse spin-spin correlations as a function of distance from the boundary.]]></description>
<dc:subject>ising-models boundary-conditions theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree algorithms nudge-targets</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:1530ac40fe41/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:ising-models"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:boundary-conditions"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:algorithms"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:nudge-targets"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6590">
    <title>[1206.6590] An exactly solvable coarse-grained model for species diversity</title>
    <dc:date>2012-08-29T11:05:53+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6590</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA[We present novel analytical results about ecosystem species diversity that stem from a proposed coarse grained neutral model based on birth-death processes. The relevance of the problem lies in the urgency for understanding and synthesizing both theoretical results of ecological neutral theory and empirical evidence on species diversity preservation. Neutral model of biodiversity deals with ecosystems in the same trophic level where per-capita vital rates are assumed to be species-independent. Close-form analytical solutions for neutral theory are obtained within a coarse-grained model, where the only input is the species persistence time distribution. Our results pertain: the probability distribution function of the number of species in the ecosystem both in transient and stationary states; the n-points connected time correlation function; and the survival probability, definned as the distribution of time-spans to local extinction for a species randomly sampled from the community. Analytical predictions are also tested on empirical data from a estuarine fish ecosystem. We find that emerging properties of the ecosystem are very robust and do not depend on specific details of the model, with implications on biodiversity and conservation biology.]]></description>
<dc:subject>neutral-model evolution statistical-mechanics theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:cb0c1b0ea2b8/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:neutral-model"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:evolution"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:statistical-mechanics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1207.6221">
    <title>[1207.6221] Are Scattering Properties of Graphs Uniquely Connected to Their Shapes?</title>
    <dc:date>2012-08-04T00:57:11+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1207.6221</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["The famous question of Mark Kac "Can one hear the shape of a drum?" addressing the unique connection between the shape of a planar region and the spectrum of the corresponding Laplace operator can be legitimately extended to scattering systems. In the modified version one asks whether the geometry of a vibrating system can be determined by scattering experiments. We present the first experimental approach to this problem in the case of microwave graphs (networks) simulating quantum graphs. Our experimental results strongly indicate a negative answer. To demonstrate this we consider scattering from a pair of isospectral microwave networks consisting of vertices connected by microwave coaxial cables and extended to scattering systems by connecting leads to infinity to form isoscattering networks. We show that the amplitudes and phases of the determinants of the scattering matrices of such networks are the same within the experimental uncertainties. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the scattering matrices of the networks are conjugated by the, so called, transplantation relation."]]></description>
<dc:subject>network-theory theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree experiment sounding inverse-problems inverse-problems-front-way-round nudge-targets</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:9becdaec0d71/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:network-theory"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:experiment"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:sounding"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:inverse-problems"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:inverse-problems-front-way-round"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:nudge-targets"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1207.2988">
    <title>[1207.2988] Fundamental structural characteristics of planar granular assemblies: scaling away friction and initial state</title>
    <dc:date>2012-08-03T18:58:53+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1207.2988</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Macroscopic properties of granular packs are mainly determined by the micro-structure. We study the dependence of the micro-structure on inter-granular friction and initial conditions using numerical experiments. The experiments consist of isotropic compaction of 2D assemblies of polydisperse frictional discs. We analyse the statistical properties of the quadrons - the basic micro-structural elements. We focused on the dependence on the inter-granuar friction and initial state and find several significant results. (i) We derive an analytical formula for the mean quadron volume in terms of three macroscopic quantities: the mean coordination number, the packing fraction and the rattlers fraction. This makes possible to relate directly the mean coordination number, the rattler-free packing fraction and Edwards' compactivity. (ii) We derive an initial-state-independent relation between the mean coordination number and the rattler-free packing fraction and support it numerically for a range of different systems. (iii) We collapse the quadron volume distributions from all systems onto one curve and show its consistency with the statistical mechanical approach. (iv) We study a conditional quadron volumes distribution, argued to capture fundamental features of the micro-structure, and find that these also collapse onto a single curve. (v) We find that the mean quadron volume decreases with increasing inter-granular friction coefficients, an effect prominent in high order cells, and argue that this is due to an increased probability of stable irregularly-shaped cells. We test this by a herewith developed free cell model. We conclude that the micro-structural characteristics are governed mainly by the packing procedure, while effects of inter-granular friction and initial states are details that can be scaled away."]]></description>
<dc:subject>granular-materials sandpiles states-of-matter experiment theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:42b85bdc233f/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:granular-materials"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:sandpiles"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:states-of-matter"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:experiment"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.berfrois.com/2012/04/mathematicians-giraffe-hunters-barry-mazur/">
    <title>Mathematicians are Giraffe Hunters by Barry Mazur | berfrois</title>
    <dc:date>2012-04-21T11:01:50+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.berfrois.com/2012/04/mathematicians-giraffe-hunters-barry-mazur/</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["No wonder life (i.e., the thing that my once 10-year old niece referred to as “the thing that isn’t fair”) comes to us as a filigree of ash stories. Walking down the street past a couple in conversation, an overheard morpheme, a mere glance at a wrongly buttoned raincoat, sparks a narrative in our imagination. Ask any question beginning with “why?” and the answer will surely be a story, or it will be embedded in a story. Or, at the very least, it will offer a tempting thread for some story that you yourself will hold onto, embellish even, as you try to absorb the answer. We interpolate between such fragments. This is, for many of us, simply the way we think.
What about the “why questions” in science, in logic, in mathematics? We should acknowledge how they are often “what questions” or “how questions” in disguise. Or how they slide down into such questions, as the ever-elusive, ever-illusory quest for an X that actually causes a Y dissolves. Some of the more satisfying answers to scientific “why” questions involves deft rephrasing. “Why is the sky blue?” is replaced by the question “what is the function that describes scattering amplitude as dependent on wave-length”?"]]></description>
<dc:subject>mathematics philosophy-of-mathematics storytelling pragmatism theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree what-is-it-good-for-hunh</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:a116ccff59f2/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:mathematics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:philosophy-of-mathematics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:storytelling"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:pragmatism"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:what-is-it-good-for-hunh"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.replicatedtypo.com/evolang-coverage-more-on-linguistic-replicators/4931.html">
    <title>Evolang coverage: More on linguistic replicators | Replicated Typo</title>
    <dc:date>2012-03-21T11:01:02+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.replicatedtypo.com/evolang-coverage-more-on-linguistic-replicators/4931.html</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><dc:subject>sounds-and-forms replicate not-meaning linguistics Sperberism theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:42eb9a3fb31e/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:sounds-and-forms"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:replicate"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:not-meaning"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:linguistics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:Sperberism"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1101.3501">
    <title>[1101.3501] Convergence rates of efficient global optimization algorithms</title>
    <dc:date>2011-12-18T00:40:57+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1101.3501</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Efficient global optimization is the problem of minimizing an unknown function f, using as few evaluations f(x) as possible. It can be considered as a continuum-armed bandit problem, with noiseless data and simple regret. Expected improvement is perhaps the most popular method for solving this problem; the algorithm performs well in experiments, but little is known about its theoretical properties. Implementing expected improvement requires a choice of Gaussian process prior, which determines an associated space of functions, its reproducing-kernel Hilbert space (RKHS). When the prior is fixed, expected improvement is known to converge on the minimum of any function in the RKHS. We begin by providing convergence rates for this procedure. The rates are optimal for functions of low smoothness, and we modify the algorithm to attain optimal rates for smoother functions. For practitioners, however, these results are somewhat misleading. Priors are typically not held fixed, but depend on parameters estimated from the data. For standard estimators, we show this procedure may never discover the minimum of f. We then propose alternative estimators, chosen to minimize the constants in the rate of convergence, and show these estimators retain the convergence rates of a fixed prior."]]></description>
<dc:subject>optimization operations-research theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree nudge-targets algorithms</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:5dacacaf7c05/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:optimization"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:operations-research"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:nudge-targets"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:algorithms"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://kieranhealy.org/blog/archives/2011/08/26/the-performativity-of-networks-2/">
    <title>The Performativity of Networks - Kieran Healy</title>
    <dc:date>2011-11-26T15:03:14+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://kieranhealy.org/blog/archives/2011/08/26/the-performativity-of-networks-2/</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["The “performativity thesis” is the claim that parts of contemporary economics and finance, when carried out into the world by professionals and popularizers, reformat and reorganize the phenomena they purport to describe, in ways that bring the world into line with theory. Practical technologies, calculative devices and portable algorithms give actors tools to implement particular models of action. I argue that social network analysis is performative in the same sense as the cases studied in this literature. Social network analysis and finance theory are similar in key aspects of their development and effects. For the case of economics, evidence for weaker versions of the performativity thesis in quite good, and the strong formulation is circumstantially supported. Network theory easily meets the evidential threshold for the weaker versions; I offer empirical examples that support the strong (or “Barnesian”) formulation. Whether these parallels are a mark in favor of the thesis or a strike against it is an open question. I argue that the social network technologies and models now being “performed” build out systems of generalized reciprocity, connectivity, and commons-based production. This is in contrast both to an earlier network imagery that emphasized self-interest and entrepreneurial exploitation of structural opportunities, and to the model of action typically considered to be performed by economic technologies."]]></description>
<dc:subject>network-theory network-culture economics cultural-dynamics theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:9b8935637b16/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:network-theory"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:network-culture"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:economics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:cultural-dynamics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=3180">
    <title>Language Log » Straw men and Bee Science</title>
    <dc:date>2011-06-10T14:33:56+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=3180</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Let me start by saying that there's a way to take all this that makes it entirely correct. The key motive of science is explanation, and it's often essential to abstract away from the complexities of raw observation, and so on. I took courses from Chomsky as an undergraduate and a graduate student, and I'm grateful for what I learned from him, and for the eminently fair way that he always treated me. But increasingly, it seems to me, he has been elevating his personal distaste for the complexities of the real world into a systematic philosophy. To the extent that others accept these views, it excludes them from participation in (what I think are) the most promising and exciting current directions in the sciences of speech and language."]]></description>
<dc:subject>Noam-Chomsky theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree bias science learning-from-data</dc:subject>
<dc:source>https://pinboard.in/</dc:source>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:de3d20e7f395/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:Noam-Chomsky"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:bias"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:science"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:learning-from-data"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/math/9404236v1">
    <title>[math/9404236v1] On proof and progress in mathematics</title>
    <dc:date>2010-05-14T14:25:25+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/math/9404236v1</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["What is it that mathematicians accomplish?"
]]></description>
<dc:subject>mathematics theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree applied-mathematics theory practice pragmatism-it-ain't</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:0c1cf8fd3217/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:mathematics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:applied-mathematics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:practice"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:pragmatism-it-ain't"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://arxiv.org/abs/1005.1311">
    <title>[1005.1311] The Beauty Contest Game, a population-centric approach</title>
    <dc:date>2010-05-11T13:25:23+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://arxiv.org/abs/1005.1311</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["The beauty contest game concept originated with John Maynard Keynes [5] and has been studied in [3,7] and many other articles and experiments as a simple model of cognition and behavior. In a beauty contest game, all players guess a number within a given interval, with the goal of guessing p times the average of all other guesses, where p is a number in the interval (0, 1). For instance, for p = 1/2 and an interval of [0, 100], a player attempts to guess what will be half of the average of all guesses (including the player’s guess).…"
]]></description>
<dc:subject>nudge-targets game-theory theoretical-biology models agent-based theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:64739e1c6784/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:nudge-targets"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:game-theory"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theoretical-biology"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:models"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:agent-based"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://catenary.wordpress.com/2009/11/29/against-semat/">
    <title>Against SEMAT « Catenary</title>
    <dc:date>2010-02-25T14:43:08+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://catenary.wordpress.com/2009/11/29/against-semat/</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["The rest of the items in SEMAT’s proposal are mush. Of course our theories need to address technological and social issues. Of course they need wide support by several communities to be successful. Of course they must be flexible. But what should they consist of? What stake is SEMAT putting on the ground? Unfortunately, beyond a wish to be more like an engineering discipline, this proposal is completely vague, and therefore I cannot support it."
]]></description>
<dc:subject>engineering-philosophy engineering-design cultural-assumptions bad-philosophy agility project-management theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:6d869b3e31d9/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:engineering-philosophy"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:engineering-design"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:cultural-assumptions"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:bad-philosophy"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:agility"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:project-management"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://jrp.icaap.org/index.php/jrp/article/viewFile/64/120">
    <title>&quot;Rethinking Critically Reflective Research Practice&quot;</title>
    <dc:date>2009-05-31T21:49:02+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://jrp.icaap.org/index.php/jrp/article/viewFile/64/120</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Ironically, Popper’s original critique of empirical foundationalism thus paved the way for a new theoretical foundationalism. Either you are grounded in theory, or you have no grounds at all for claiming to be a competent participant. The new foundationalism here reveals its elitist and technocratic face as well as its impractical nature at once. It burdens researchers and professionals with the impossible role of having to “explain,” by virtue of their advantage of theoretical and methodological expertise, to all others what in a concrete situation would be a correct understanding of “the problem” and what might be done about it. At the same time, it largely immunizes these “explanations” against the critical efforts of concerned citizens. If they do not agree with the experts’ monologically presented findings and conclusions, it is their problem, as it were; for the reason can only be that they are insufficiently informed or […] unable to understand the reasoning of the experts."
]]></description>
<dc:subject>research philosophy-of-science philosophy academia theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:7568ded7f788/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:research"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:philosophy-of-science"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:philosophy"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:academia"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://www.onthecommons.org/content.php?id=2396">
    <title>OnTheCommons.org » Why Economists Are So Often Wrong</title>
    <dc:date>2009-02-27T13:00:19+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://www.onthecommons.org/content.php?id=2396</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Yet before our eyes, another reality is emerging – or rather re-emerging, because it once served humanity for centuries. That reality is the commons, which derives from a different side of human nature, and therefore operates on different principles than the market supposedly does. That other side is not the sappy, self-sacrificing altruist that marketophiles posit as the only alternative to their model of human behavior. Nor is it the grim utilitarian socialist. Rather, it is whatever resides in us that wants to be engaged with and around other people – whether to accomplish a task or just because it is fun.
This convivial side of economic life is beyond the bandwidth of most economic thought. The corporate market tends to repress it, and partly for that very reason it has been fighting its way back through the concrete. Cyberspace and the World Wide Web gave it a vast and unenclosed new realm, much as the New World once did for the surging energies of Old Europe...."
]]></description>
<dc:subject>economics commons intangibles utility theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:83388166ef88/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:economics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:commons"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:intangibles"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:utility"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://angrybear.blogspot.com/2009/02/price-revelation-is-mysticism.html">
    <title>Angry Bear: &quot;Price Revelation&quot; is mysticism.</title>
    <dc:date>2009-02-27T12:16:06+00:00</dc:date>
    <link>http://angrybear.blogspot.com/2009/02/price-revelation-is-mysticism.html</link>
    <dc:creator>Vaguery</dc:creator><description><![CDATA["Foolish reliance on Li's model lead to disaster and it was made possible by CDS markets which convinced participants that they had many observations on the probability of default. They were convinced that prices revealed these probabilities because they had an insane mystical faith in the strong form efficient markets hypothesis and a schizophrenic simultaneous belief that they could beat the market."
]]></description>
<dc:subject>via:cshalizi prediction markets financial-crisis modeling statistics economics theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree</dc:subject>
<dc:identifier>https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/b:a9122df98cb1/</dc:identifier>
<taxo:topics><rdf:Bag>	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:via:cshalizi"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:prediction"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:markets"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:financial-crisis"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:modeling"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:statistics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:economics"/>
	<rdf:li rdf:resource="https://pinboard.in/u:Vaguery/t:theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree"/>
</rdf:Bag></taxo:topics>
</item>
</rdf:RDF>